The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Persistent B cell memory after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is functional during breakthrough infections
Open accessAbstract
Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in fully vaccinated individuals are considered a consequence of waning immunity. Serum antibodies represent the most measurable outcome of vaccine-induced B cell memory. When antibodies decline, memory B cells are expected to persist and perform their function, preventing clinical disease. We investigated whether BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induces durable and functional B cell memory in vivo against SARS-CoV-2 3, 6, and 9 months after the second dose in a cohort of health care workers (HCWs). While we observed physiological decline of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, memory B cells persist and increase until 9 months after immunization. HCWs with breakthrough infections had no signs of waning immunity. In 3-4 days, memory B cells responded to SARS-CoV-2 infection by producing high levels of specific antibodies in the serum and anti-Spike IgA in the saliva. Antibodies to the viral nucleoprotein were produced with the slow kinetics typical of the response to a novel antigen.
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“But even recent studies have so far only investigated the second dose and have not evaluated responses to the omicron variant.30 33”
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“By contrast, immunological memory (memory B and T cells) does not wane, and might be important for protection against severe disease.33”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Terreri, S., Piano Mortari, E., Vinci, M. R., Russo, C., Alteri, C., Albano, C., Colavita, F., Gramigna, G., Agrati, C., Linardos, G., Coltella, L., Colagrossi, L., Deriu, G., Ciofi Degli Atti, M., Rizzo, C., Scarsella, M., Brugaletta, R., Camisa, V., Santoro, A., Roscilli, G., Pavoni, E., Muzi, A., Magnavita, N., Scutari, R., Villani, A., Raponi, M., Locatelli, F., Perno, C. F., Zaffina, S., & Carsetti, R.
- Affiliations
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IT)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani (IT)
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Carsetti, Rita
- ORCID
- Terreri, Sara
- Russo, Cristina
- Alteri, Claudia
- Colavita, Francesca
- Agrati, Chiara
- Linardos, Giulia
- Coltella, Luana
- Colagrossi, Luna
- Deriu, Gloria
- Rizzo, Caterina
- Scarsella, Marco
- Brugaletta, Rita
- Camisa, Vincenzo
- Santoro, Annapaola
- Roscilli, Giuseppe
- Muzi, Alessia
- Magnavita, Nicola
- Scutari, Rossana
- Villani, Alberto
- Raponi, Massimiliano
- Locatelli, Franco
- Perno, Carlo Federico
- Zaffina, Salvatore
- Carsetti, Rita
- Venue
- Cell Host & Microbe
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-03
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 400-408.e4
- ISSN
- 1931-3128 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8820949
- OpenAlex
- W4220881395
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 38
- FWCI
- 6.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Host & Microbe (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- PubliCatt (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Ministero della Salute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, memory B cells, breakthrough infection, waning immunity, saliva antibodies, nucleoprotein antibodies, healthcare workers, vaccine durability
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, mRNA Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine, Antibodies, Viral, Humans, Vaccination, Vaccines, Synthetic
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