Hyphenated technique for the extraction and determination of isoflavones in algae: Ultrasound-assisted supercritical fluid extraction followed by fast chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract
New hyphenated technique for the extraction and determination of isoflavones in sea and freshwater algae and cyanobacteria was developed. The method consists of sonication sample pretreatment, extraction by supercritical CO(2) modified by 3% (v/v) of MeOH/H(2)O mixture (9:1, v/v) at 35 MPa and 40°C for 60 min, fast chromatography analysis by the means of Agilent 1200 Series Rapid Resolution and MS/MS determination. Agilent 1200 Series RRLC was used with Zorbax SB-CN chromatographic column (100 mm × 2.1mm, particle size 3.5 μm), 3μl injection volume, mobile phase consisting of 0.2% (v/v) acetic acid in water (solvent A) and acetonitrile (solvent B) and used with linear gradient (30% B at 0 min, from 0 min to 3 min up to 50% B, from 3 to 6 min up to 80% B and from 6 to 10 min down to 30% B). The flow-rate was 0.4 mL/min, column oven temperature 35°C. MS detector Agilent Technologies 6460 Triple quadrupole LC/MS with Agilent Jet Stream was used in a negative ESI mode under following conditions: gas temperature 350°C, gas flow 13 L/min, nebulizer gas pressure 50 psi, sheath gas temperature 400°C, sheath gas flow 12L/min, capillary voltage was 4 kV. Samples were analysed in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Eight isoflavone compounds were found for the first time in seven real samples of sea algae and in three control samples of freshwater algae and cyanobacteria. Usual optimisation study of extraction parameters was performed. Pressure and temperature optima for algae matrix are different from those obtained sooner for other matrices for most of the analytes, but the results of modifier optimisation study are in good accordance with those obtained sooner for spiked samples and red clover matrix. It seems that matrix has very small or no effect on the modifier selection. Two different approaches of sonication pretreatment were tested: sonication bath and the thorn instrument. In longer extraction time experiments, thorn sonication was more efficient and recovery of following supercritical fluid extraction was higher.
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Some authors used SC-CO2 for extraction of lipids, volatile compounds, isoflavones, plant growth hormones, and micro- and macroelements from various types of seaweeds.
“However, some authors used SC-CO2 for the extraction of lipids [41], volatile compounds [43], isoflavones [44], plant growth hormones, and micro- and macroelements from various types of seaweeds [45].”
From Overview on the Application of Modern Methods for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Marine Macroalgae (2018) · cites this paper as [44]
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Supercritical Algal Extracts: A Source of Biologically Active Compounds from Nature
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“found to produce isoflavones and its glycosides (Klejdus et al., 2010) and Arthrospira platensis contained 4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone (Goiris et al.”
BackgroundUse of Microalgae Biomass for Fortification of Food Products from Grain
Bazarnova, J. G., NILOVA, L. P., Trukhina, E., Bernavskaya, M. V., Smyatskaya, Y. A., & Aktar, T. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10123018 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“[62], microalgae synthesize isoflavones, flavanones, flavonols, and dihydrohalcones.”
Extraction of Polyphenols and Anthocyanins from the Jambul (Syzygium cumini) Fruit Peels
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The Potential of Algae in the Nutricosmetic Sector
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“) and brown seaweeds (Sargassum muticum and Sargassum vulgare) [189,190].”
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Bioactive compounds from micro-algae and its application in foods: A review
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Ultrasound pretreatment combined with supercritical CO2 extraction of Iberis amara seed oil
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“The application of techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) [11], microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) [12], pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) [13] or supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) [14] for the extraction of isoflavones from food samples offers advantages such as a reduction in extraction time,…”
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“Klejdus et al. (2010) developed a hyphenated ultrasound assisted super critical fluid extraction method for the extraction and determination of isoflavones in sea and freshwater algae and cyanobacteria .”
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“Klejdus et al. (2010) have reported the presence of phytochemicals like flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, terpenoids and saponins from the methanol extracts of two microalgal strains.”
BackgroundBlooming cyanobacteria alter water flea reproduction via exudates of estrogen analogues
Xu, R., Jiang, Y., MacIsaac, H. J., Chen, L., Li, J., Xu, J., Wang, T., Zi, Y., & Chang, X. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133909 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Therefore, their contributions to estrogenic effects should not be overlooked, especially considering the discovery of phytoestrogens in blooming cyanobacteria (Goiris et al., 2014; Klejdus et al., 2010; Procházková et al., 2017).”
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“To our knowledge it is also the first time t at these compounds have been reported in any marine seagrass, it being more common to find them in other samples such as leg mes and algae for biochanin A and glycitein, respectively [37,38].”
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“Different isoflavones, such as daidzein or genistein, were identified in Sargassum muticum and Sargassum vulgare [15].”
An Overview of Nanoformulated Nutraceuticals and their Therapeutic Approaches
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Determination of Phytoestrogen Content in Fresh-Cut Legume Forage
Hloučalová, P., Skládanka, J., Horký, P., Klejdus, B., Pelikán, J., & Knotová, D. (2016) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani6070043 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Seaweeds: a nutraceutical and health food
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Green analytical methodologies for the discovery of bioactive compounds from marine sources
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Microalgae as a Novel Source of Antioxidants for Nutritional Applications
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Advanced Extraction Processes to Obtain Bioactives from Marine Foods
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“A number of phenolic compounds are present in microalgae (Klejdus et al., 2010; Kovacik et al., 2010) and were reported to responsible for microalgal antioxidant properties.”
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MethodFasciotti, M., Souza, G. H. M. F., Astarita, G., Costa, I. C. R., Monteiro, T. V. C., Teixeira, C. M. L. L., Eberlin, M. N., & Sarpal, A. S. (2019) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02172 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Supercritical CO2 extraction of total flavonoids from Iberis amara assisted by ultrasound
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- Authors
- Klejdus, B., Lojková, L., Plaza, M., Šnóblová, M., & Štěrbová, D.
- Affiliations
- Mendel University in Brno (CZ)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Klejdus, B.
- Venue
- Journal of Chromatography A
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 1217
- Issue
- 51
- Pages
- 7956-7965
- ISSN
- 0021-9673 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2008516333
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 13.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Chromatography A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Grantová Agentura České Republiky
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Chromatography in Natural Products
- Keywords
- isoflavones, algae, cyanobacteria, ultrasonic pretreatment, isoflavone extraction, seaweed, freshwater algae, isoflavone quantification, extraction time optimization
- MeSH terms
- Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyta, Chromatography, Liquid, Isoflavones, Ultrasonics, Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid, Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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