Understanding artificial intelligence based radiology studies: What is overfitting?
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad umbrella term used to encompass a wide variety of subfields dedicated to creating algorithms to perform tasks that mimic human intelligence. As AI development grows closer to clinical integration, radiologists will need to become familiar with the principles of artificial intelligence to properly evaluate and use this powerful tool. This series aims to explain certain basic concepts of artificial intelligence, and their applications in medical imaging starting with a concept of overfitting.
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Overfitting is a common problem encountered during validation which may significantly impact generalizability and contribute to bias among underrepresented groups of patients.
“Overfitting is a common problem encountered during the validation of the model which may significantly impact its generalizability and contribute to bias among underrepresented groups of patients [42,43].”
From Bias in artificial intelligence algorithms and recommendations for mitigation (2023) · cites this paper as [42]
The Conclusion and Overfitting sections call overfitting a common pitfall and explain that it reduces performance on new data and limits generalizability. The Importance of external validation section connects that risk to the need for validation. The copy does not specifically say that overfitting occurs during validation or that it contributes to bias among underrepresented patient groups. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Mutasa, S., Sun, S., & Ha, R.
- Affiliations
- NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mutasa, Simukayi
- Sun, Shawn
- Ha, Richard
- Venue
- Clinical Imaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 65
- Pages
- 96-99
- ISSN
- 0899-7071 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8150901
- OpenAlex
- W3020614853
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 12
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Imaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R38CA231577)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI in cancer detection
- Keywords
- overfitting, artificial intelligence, machine learning, diagnostic imaging, radiology, deep learning, clinical implementation of AI
- MeSH terms
- Radiologists, Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Radiology
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