Cardiometabolic effects of a new class of antidiabetic agents
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Within the past decade, many new classes of drugs have received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, including glucagon-like peptide-1agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Many trials have been performed, and several more are currently ongoing to evaluate these drugs. This review addresses the broad therapeutic and pleiotropic effects of these drugs. The review also discusses the role of these drugs in the treatment paradigm for type 2 diabetes and identifies patients who would be suitable candidates for treatment with these drugs.Methods In this comprehensive evidence-based review, the following databases were searched from 1990 to the present: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Portal, and the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes abstract databases. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were only included for the main therapeutic and cardiovascular (CV) effects of these drug classes. For pleiotropic effects, RCTs were included unless no RCTs exist, in which case other studies as specified in the detailed Methods section were included.Findings All 3 drug classes are effective in lowering hemoglobin A1c between 0.4% and 1.4%, depending on the drug class and population selected. These drug classes have beneficial effects on CV risk factors, such as weight, lipids, and blood pressure, in addition to lowering blood glucose levels. The CV tolerability of some drugs has been evaluated and found to be neutral; however, most trials are currently ongoing to assess CV tolerability. There are no concrete guidelines to determine where these drugs fit in the diabetes management paradigm, and there are ongoing trials to determine the best combination drug with metformin.Implications These 3 drug classes will potentially increase the armamentarium against hyperglycemia. However, the specific combinations with other antidiabetic drugs and populations that will best benefit from these drugs are still being tested. Future research is also being conducted on the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 1 diabetes.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Precipitating factors leading to SGLT2 inhibitor-associated DKA include insulin reduction, omission, or deficiency along with surgery, alcohol abuse, exercise, and low-carbohydrate diets.
“Precipitating factors leading to SGLT2 inhibitor-associated DKA include insulin reduction, omission, or deficiency along with surgery, alcohol abuse, exercise, and low-carbohydrate diets. 1 , 7”
From Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Caused by SGLT2 Inhibitors and a Ketogenic Diet: A Case Series and Review of Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
The SGLT-2 INHIBITORS and Safety Profile and Adverse Effects sections (page numbers unavailable) discuss insulin-independent action and other adverse effects, but do not address DKA precipitants. Searches for DKA, insulin reduction, surgery, alcohol, exercise, and low-carbohydrate diets found no passage supporting the attributed list. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe duration of treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor before the onset of DKA varies in reports from 0.3 to 420 days.
“The duration of treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor before the onset of DKA varies in reports from 0.3 to 420 days. 7”
From Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Caused by SGLT2 Inhibitors and a Ketogenic Diet: A Case Series and Review of Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
The Safety Profile and Adverse Effects section discusses infections and volume depletion with SGLT-2 inhibitors, but not DKA onset. Searches for “0.3 to 420 days,” “ketoacidosis onset,” and “diabetic ketoacidosis” found no passage in our copy reporting the claimed treatment-duration range. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
Power, D. V. (2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.29.02.06.dc05-1593 · Cited by 8,672 · see citing works
10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes
Holman, R. R., Paul, S. K., Bethel, M. A., Matthews, D. R., & Neil, H. A. W. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0806470 · Cited by 7,751 · see citing works
Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Scirica, B. M., Bhatt, D. L., Braunwald, E., Steg, P. G., Davidson, J., Hirshberg, B., Ohman, P., Frederich, R., Wiviott, S. D., Hoffman, E. B., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1307684 · Cited by 3,470 · see citing works
The Physiology of Glucagon-like Peptide 1
Holst, J. J. (2007) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00034.2006 · Cited by 3,371 · see citing works
Alogliptin after acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes
White, W. B., Cannon, C. P., Heller, S. R., Nissen, S. E., Bergenstal, R. M., Bakris, G. L., Perez, A. T., Fleck, P. R., Mehta, C. R., Kupfer, S., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1305889 · Cited by 2,502 · see citing works
DeFronzo, R. A., Ratner, R. E., Han, J., Kim, D. D., Fineman, M. S., & Baron, A. D. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.5.1092 · Cited by 1,559 · see citing works
Buse, J. B., Rosenstock, J., Sesti, G., Schmidt, W. E., Montanya, E., Brett, J. H., Zychma, M., & Blonde, L. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60659-0 · Cited by 1,503 · see citing works
Buse, J. B., Henry, R. R., Han, J., Kim, D. D., Fineman, M. S., Baron, A. D., & for the Exenatide-113 Clinical Study Group (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.11.2628 · Cited by 1,346 · see citing works
Kendall, D. M., Riddle, M. C., Rosenstock, J., Zhuang, D., Kim, D. D., Fineman, M. S., & Baron, A. D. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.5.1083 · Cited by 1,177 · see citing works
Astrup, A., Rössner, S., Van Gaal, L., Rissanen, A., Niskanen, L., Al Hakim, M., Madsen, J., Rasmussen, M. F., & Lean, M. E. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61375-1 · Cited by 1,163 · see citing works
Nauck, M., Frid, A., Hermansen, K., Shah, N. S., Tankova, T., Mitha, I. H., Zdravkovic, M., Düring, M., Matthews, D. R., & for the LEAD-2 Study Group (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-1355 · Cited by 1,129 · see citing works
Garber, A., Henry, R., Ratner, R., Garcia-Hernandez, P. A., Rodriguez-Pattzi, H., Olvera-Alvarez, I., Hale, P. M., Zdravkovic, M., & Bode, B. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61246-5 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Vasilakou, D., Karagiannis, T., Athanasiadou, E., Mainou, M., Liakos, A., Bekiari, E., Sarigianni, M., Matthews, D. R., & Tsapas, A. (2013) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-4-201308200-00007 · Cited by 911 · see citing works
Bailey, C. J., Gross, J. L., Pieters, A., Bastien, A., & List, J. F. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60407-2 · Cited by 861 · see citing works
Cefalu, W. T., Leiter, L. A., Yoon, K., Arias, P., NISKANEN, L. K., Xie, J., Balis, D. A., Canovatchel, W. J., & Meininger, G. E. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60683-2 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
Bjerre Knudsen, L., Madsen, L. W., Andersen, S., Almholt, K., de Boer, A. S., Drucker, D. J., Gotfredsen, C., Egerod, F. L., Hegelund, A. C., Jacobsen, H., et al. (2010) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2009-1272 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Nauck, M. A., Meininger, G. E., Sheng, D., Terranella, L., Stein, P. P., & Sitagliptin Study 024 Group (2007) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00704.x · Cited by 656 · see citing works
Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes
Zoungas, S., Chalmers, J., Neal, B., Billot, L., Li, Q., Hirakawa, Y., Arima, H., Monaghan, H., Joshi, R., Colagiuri, S., et al. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1407963 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
Self-citationBergenstal, R. M., Wysham, C., MacConell, L., Malloy, J. L., Walsh, B., Yan, P., Wilhelm, K., Malone, J., & Porter, L. E. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60590-9 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Nauck, M. A., Prato, S. D., Meier, J. J., Durán-Garcia, S., Rohwedder, K., Elze, M., & Parikh, S. J. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-0606 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
Goldstein, B. J., Feinglos, M. N., Lunceford, J. K., Johnson, J., Williams-Herman, D. E., & for the Sitagliptin 036 Study Group (2007) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc07-0627 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Pancreatic safety of incretin-based drugs–FDA and EMA assessment
Egan, A. G., Blind, E., Dunder, K., de Graeff, P. A., Hummer, B. T., Bourcier, T., & Rosebraugh, C. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp1314078 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Cherney, D. Z., Perkins, B. A., Soleymanlou, N., Har, R., Fagan, N., Johansen, O., Woerle, H.-J., von Eynatten, M., & Broedl, U. C. (2014) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-13-28 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Empagliflozin Reduces Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension
Tikkanen, I., Narko, K., Zeller, C., Green, A., Salsali, A., Broedl, U. C., & Woerle, H. J. (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-1096 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Blevins, T., Pullman, J., Malloy, J., Yan, P., Taylor, K., Schulteis, C., Trautmann, M., & Porter, L. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2081 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Kim, D. S., MacConell, L., Zhuang, D., Kothare, P. A., TRAUTMANN, M. E., Fineman, M. S., & Taylor, K. (2007) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc06-2375 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Karagiannis, T., Paschos, P., Paletas, K., Matthews, D. R., & Tsapas, A. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e1369 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Kennedy, L. (2008) · Yearbook of Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0084-3741(08)79145-5 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Häring, H., Merker, L., Seewaldt-Becker, E., Weimer, M. S., Meinicke, T. W., Broedl, U. C., Woerle, H. J., & on behalf of the EMPA-REG MET Trial Investigators (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-2105 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Empagliflozin as Add-on to Metformin Plus Sulfonylurea in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Häring, H., Merker, L., Seewaldt-Becker, E., Weimer, M. S., Meinicke, T. W., Woerle, H. J., Broedl, U. C., & on behalf of the EMPA-REG METSU Trial Investigators (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-2673 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Pancreatic Safety of Incretin-Based Drugs — FDA and EMA Assessment
(2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmx140026 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
DURATION-1: Exenatide Once Weekly Produces Sustained Glycemic Control and Weight Loss Over 52 Weeks
Buse, J. B., Drucker, D. J., Taylor, K., Kim, T., Walsh, B., Hu, H., Wilhelm, K., TRAUTMANN, M. E., Shen, L. Z., Porter, L. E., et al. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-1914 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Matikainen, N., Mänttäri, S., Schweizer, A., Ulvestad, A., Mills, D., Dunning, B. E., Foley, J. E., & Taskinen, M.-R. (2006) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0340-2 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Pratley, R. E., Nauck, M. A., Barnett, A. H., Feinglos, M. N., Ovalle, F., Harman-Boehm, I., Ye, J., Scott, R., Johnson, S., Stewart, M., et al. (2014) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(13)70214-6 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Wilding, J. P. H., Charpentier, G., Hollander, P. A., González-Gálvez, G., Mathieu, C., Vercruysse, F., Usiskin, K., Law, G., Black, S., Canovatchel, W. J., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.12322 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Richter, B., Bandeira-Echtler, E., Bergerhoff, K., & Lerch, C. (2008) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006739.pub2 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Robinson, L. E., Holt, T. A., Rees, K., Randeva, H. S., & O'Hare, J. P. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001986 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Jadzinsky, M. N., Pfützner, A., Paz-Pacheco, E. T., Xu, Z., Allen, E., Chen, R., & CV181‐039 Investigators (2009) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01056.x · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Wilding, J. P. H., Woo, V. C., Rohwedder, K., Sugg, J. E., Parikh, S. J., & for the Dapagliflozin 006 Study Group (2013) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12187 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Effect of exenatide on gastric emptying and relationship to postprandial glycemia in type 2 diabetes
Linnebjerg, H., Park, S., Kothare, P. A., Trautmann, M. E., Mace, K., Fineman, M., Wilding, I., Nauck, M., & Horowitz, M. (2008) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2008.07.003 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Noyan-Ashraf, M. H., Shikatani, E. A., Schuiki, I., Mukovozov, I., Wu, J., Li, R.-K., Volchuk, A., Robinson, L. A., Billia, F., Drucker, D. J., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.091215 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Monami, M., Åhrén, B., Dicembrini, I., & Mannucci, E. (2012) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12000 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Nathan, D. M., Buse, J. B., Kahn, S. E., Krause-Steinrauf, H. J., Larkin, M., Staten, M. A., Wexler, D. J., & Lachin, J. M. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-0356 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Li, L., Shen, J., Bala, M. M., Busse, J. W., Ebrahim, S., Vandvik, P. O., Rios, L. P., Malaga, G., Wong, E., Sohani, Z., et al. (2014) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g2366 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Rosenstock, J., Raccah, D., Korányi, L., Maffei, L., Boka, G., Miossec, P., & Gerich, J. E. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-2709 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Åhrén, B., JOHNSON, S. L., Stewart, M. W., Cirkel, D. T., Yang, F., Perry, C., & Feinglos, M. N. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-0024 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Wang, B., Zhong, J., Lin, H., Zhao, Z., Yan, Z., He, H., Ni, Y., Liu, D., & Zhu, Z. (2013) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12085 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Johansen, O. E., Neubacher, D., von Eynatten, M., Patel, S. D., & Woerle, H. (2012) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-11-3 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Lønborg, J., Kelbæk, H., Vejlstrup, N., Bøtker, H. E., Kim, W. Y., Holmvang, L., Jørgensen, E. O., Helqvist, S., Saunamäki, K. I., Terkelsen, C. J., et al. (2012) · Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions · doi:10.1161/circinterventions.112.968388 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Mistry, G. C., Maes, A. L., Lasseter, K. C., Davies, M. J., Gottesdiener, K. M., Wagner, J. A., & Herman, G. A. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270008316885 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Urinary tract infections in patients with diabetes treated with dapagliflozin
Johnsson, K. M., Ptaszynska, A., Schmitz, B., Sugg, J. E., Parikh, S. J., & List, J. F. (2013) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.05.004 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and heart failure: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Monami, M., Dicembrini, I., & Mannucci, E. (2014) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2014.01.017 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Bailey, C. J., Iqbal, N., T'joen, C., & List, J. F. (2012) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01659.x · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Scheen, A. J., Charpentier, G., Östgren, C. J., Hellqvist, Å., & Gause‐Nilsson, I. A. M. (2010) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.1114 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Effect of sitagliptin therapy on postprandial lipoprotein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
Tremblay, A. J., Lamarche, B., Deacon, C. F., Weisnagel, S. J., & Couture, P. (2011) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01362.x · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Patil, H., Badarin, F. J. A., Shami, H. A. A., Bhatti, S. K., Lavie, C. J., Bell, D. S. H., & O’Keefe, J. H. (2012) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.04.061 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Expression in the Human Thyroid Gland
Gier, B., Butler, P. C., Lai, C. K., Kirakossian, D., DeNicola, M. M., & Yeh, M. W. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-2407 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Ratner, R. E., Han, J., Nicewarner, D., Yushmanova, I., Hoogwerf, B. J., & Shen, L. Z. (2011) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-10-22 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Marney, A. M., Kunchakarra, S., Byrne, L. M., & Brown, N. J. (2010) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.156554 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Weissman, P. N., Carr, M. C., Ye, J., Cirkel, D. T., Stewart, M. W., Perry, C., & Pratley, R. E. (2014) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3360-3 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Gill, A. M., Hoogwerf, B. J., Burger, J., BRUCE, S. R., MacConell, L., Yan, P., Braun, D. K., Giaconia, J. M., & Malone, J. K. (2010) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-9-6 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Wu, S., Hopper, I., Skiba, M. A., & Krum, H. (2014) · Cardiovascular Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/1755-5922.12075 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Nakamura, K., Oe, H., Kihara, H., Shimada, K., Fukuda, S., Watanabe, K., Takagi, T., Yunoki, K., Miyoshi, T., Hirata, K., et al. (2014) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-014-0110-2 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Ayaori, M., Iwakami, N., Uto‐Kondo, H., Sato, H., Sasaki, M., Komatsu, T., Iizuka, M., Takiguchi, S., Yakushiji, E., Nakaya, K., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.112.003277 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Ptaszynska, A., Johnsson, K. M., Parikh, S. J., de Bruin, T. W., Apanovitch, A. M., & List, J. F. (2014) · Drug Safety · doi:10.1007/s40264-014-0213-4 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Weir, M. R., Januszewicz, A., Gilbert, R. E., Vijapurkar, U., Kline, I., Fung, A., & Meininger, G. E. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/jch.12425 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Zinman, B., Schmidt, W. E., Moses, A. C., Lund, N., & Gough, S. C. L. (2011) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01493.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Cardiovascular safety of the dipetidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor alogliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus
White, W. B., Pratley, R. E., Fleck, P. R., Munsaka, M., Hisada, M., Wilson, C., & Menon, V. (2013) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12093 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Postprandial hyperlipidemia, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk: focus on incretins
Ansar, S., Koška, J., & Reaven, P. D. (2011) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-10-61 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Rizzo, M., Chandalia, M., Patti, A. M., Bartolo, V. D., Rizvi, A. A., Montalto, G., & Abate, N. I. (2014) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-13-49 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Monami, M., Dicembrini, I., Nardini, C., Fiordelli, I., & Mannucci, E. (2014) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.01.010 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes: Meta-Analysis
Park, H., Park, C., Kim, Y. A., & Rascati, K. L. (2012) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1r041 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Dziuba, J., Alperin, P., Racketa, J., Iloeje, U. H., Goswami, D., Hardy, E., Perlstein, I., Grossman, H. L., & Cohen, M. M. (2014) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12261 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Genital Mycotic Infections in Patients With Diabetes
Nyirjesy, P., & Sobel, J. D. (2013) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2013.05.2650 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Esposito, K., Cozzolino, D., Bellastella, G., Maiorino, M. I., Chiodini, P., Ceriello, A., & Giugliano, D. (2011) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01380.x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Eliasson, B., Möller-Goede, D. L., Eeg‐Olofsson, K., Wilson, C., Cederholm, J., Fleck, P. R., Diamant, M., Taskinen, M., & Smith, U. (2012) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2447-3 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Irace, C., Luca, S. D., Shehaj, E., Carallo, C., Loprete, A., Scavelli, F. B., & Gnasso, A. (2012) · Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research · doi:10.1177/1479164112449562 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Hong, J., Chi, J., Gu, W., Ning, G., & Wang, W. (2013) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.2482 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Monami, M., Cremasco, F., Lamanna, C., Marchionni, N., & Mannucci, E. (2011) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.1184 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Davies, M. J., Kela, R., & Khunti, K. (2010) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01330.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Vildagliptin: a new oral treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Mathieu, C. (2008) · Vascular Health and Risk Management · doi:10.2147/vhrm.s3005 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Trujillo, J. M., & Nuffer, W. A. (2014) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1177/1060028014545807 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Pinelli, N. R., & Hurren, K. M. (2011) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1q024 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Brunell, S. C., Toth, P. P., Ramı́rez, G., Cobble, Chilton, & Chiquette (2012) · Vascular Health and Risk Management · doi:10.2147/vhrm.s37969 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
SGLT2 inhibitors: New medicines for addressing unmet needs in type 2 diabetes
Moses, R. G., Colagiuri, S., & Pollock, C. A. (2014) · Australasian Medical Journal · doi:10.4066/amj.2014.2181 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Standl, E., Erbach, M., & Schnell, O. (2014) · Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11936-014-0353-y · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Iyer, S. N., Drake, A. J., West, R. L., Mendez, C. E., & Tanenberg, R. J. (2011) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep11264.cr · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Sodium glucose transporter protein 2 inhibitors: focusing on the kidney to treat type 2 diabetes
Peene, B., & Benhalima, K. (2014) · Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1177/2042018814553965 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Rosenstock, J., Jelaska, A., Wang, F., Kim, G., Broedl, U. C., Woerle, H. J., & BAJAJ, H. S. (2013) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.08.093 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Gross, J. L., Rogers, J. A., Polhamus, D. G., Gillespie, W. R., Friedrich, C., Gong, Y., Monz, B. U., Patel, S. D., Staab, A., & Retlich, S. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001844 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Ring, A., Port, A., Graefe-Mody, E. U., Revollo, I., Iovino, M., & Dugi, K. A. (2011) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.03931.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kuritzky, L., Umpierrez, G. E., Ekoé, J. M., Mancillas‐Adame, L. G., & Landó, L. F. (2014) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2014.10.2821 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Buysman, E. K., Chow, W. S., Henk, H. J., & Rupnow, M. F. T. (2014) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007995.2014.982750 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lixisenatide as add-on therapy to basal insulin
Evans, M., Butler, E. L., & Brown, D. X. (2013) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s45108 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of Incretin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Amori, R. E., Lau, J., & Pittas, A. G. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.2.194 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
A safety evaluation of canagliflozin: a first-in-class treatment for type 2 diabetes
Boyle, L. D., & Wilding, J. P. H. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.959488 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and cardiovascular safety
Davis, T. M. E. (2014) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja13.11279 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [43]43. Trujillo JM, Nuffer W. Albiglutide: A new GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Ann Pharmacother. 2014;48:1494- 1501.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
An update on sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus
Hsia, D. S., Grove, O., & Cefalu, W. T. (2017) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000311 · Cited by 508 · see citing works
Mistry, S., & Eschler, D. C. (2021) · AACE Clinical Case Reports · doi:10.1016/j.aace.2020.11.009 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
- Authors
- Desouza, C. V., Gupta, N., & Patel, A.
- Affiliations
- Omaha VA Medical Center (US)
- University of Nebraska Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Clinical Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1178-1194
- ISSN
- 0149-2918 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2073935789
- Semantic Scholar
- 78a02b56fec7c659d2b60a15b27a6e357ab4b401
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, cardiometabolic effects, cardiovascular risk factors, HbA1c, drug tolerability, metformin combination therapy, type 1 diabetes, pleiotropy
- MeSH terms
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
