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The Role of Advanced Glycation End Products in Aging and Metabolic Diseases: Bridging Association and Causality
Open accessAbstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on nucleotides, lipids, and peptides/proteins are an inevitable component of the aging process in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. To date, a substantial body of evidence shows that AGEs and their functionally compromised adducts are linked to and perhaps responsible for changes seen during aging and for the development of many age-related morbidities. However, much remains to be learned about the biology of AGE formation, causal nature of these associations, and whether new interventions might be developed that will prevent or reduce the negative impact of AGEs-related damage. To facilitate achieving these latter ends, we show how invertebrate models, notably Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, can be used to explore AGE-related pathways in depth and to identify and assess drugs that will mitigate against the detrimental effects of AGE-adduct development.
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“The fundamental role of AGEs, including glycoxidation products, in human aging, but also in aging of vertebrate and invertebrate model organism has been reviewed in 2018 by Chaudhuri and colleagues [153]”
From Protein oxidation - Formation mechanisms, detection and relevance as biomarkers in human diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [153]
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“a growing body of evidence reveals that levels of glycoxidation products increase as a function of age in several tissues, dependent on the dietary intake and the presence of hyperglycemic conditions [152,153]”
From Protein oxidation - Formation mechanisms, detection and relevance as biomarkers in human diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [153]
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“together indicating the relevance of AGEs as biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases”
From Protein oxidation - Formation mechanisms, detection and relevance as biomarkers in human diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [153]
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“However, under pathological conditions, RAGEs can be upregulated and participate in various aging-related pathophysiologies, such as adult-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disorders, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney failure, pancreatitis, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), hepatic fibrosis, and alcohol-mediated tissue injury37,38.”
From Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other adducts in aging-related diseases and alcohol-mediated tissue injury (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
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“Generally, RAGEs are expressed widely in various cells, such as endothelial cells, macrophages/monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, microglia, astrocytes, and neurons, and organs, such as the brain, heart, lung, kidney, and liver36,37.”
From Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other adducts in aging-related diseases and alcohol-mediated tissue injury (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
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“…anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript Diabetic macroangiopathy The detoxification of α-DCs, a precursor of AGE, also underlies the prevention of diabetesmediated micro and macro vascular damage that may contribute to atherosclerosis and stroke (Brownlee, 2001, 2005).”
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Exploring impact of cold atmospheric plasma directed self-assembly of glycated bovine serum albumin
Bharati, A. J., Phawa, D., Daimary, P., Patra, M., & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2025) · Biophysical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bpc.2025.107516 · Cited by 2
Wongwad, E., Preedalikit, W., Rungsang, T., Srivilai, J., Aunsri, N., & Mungmai, L. (2025) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122083 · Cited by 2
Li, H., Zhang, Z., Sun, M., & Xu, S. (2025) · Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.5646/ch.2025.31.e34 · Cited by 2
“For example, exercise-induced PGC-1 α expression depends on ROS bursts and NAD + / NADH oscillations, both of which are attenuated by MET’s suppression of complex I and ROS generation [23-25, 46, 47 ].”
Nam, M., Nahomi, R. B., Suk, J., Panja, S., Smith, W. C., Shan, Y., Fort, P. E., & Nagaraj, R. H. (2025) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.66.14.8 · Cited by 2
Liu, J., Xu, W., Zhang, Y., Jia, Y., Bai, S., Er, L., & Du, R. (2025) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-025-05300-8 · Cited by 2
“Moreover, a hyperglycemic environment promotes the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) [52] and activates NADPH oxidase, leading to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).”
A sex-adjusted 7-biomarker clinical aging clock for translational preventative medicine
Meyer, D. H., Mejia, G., Molière, A., Wangprapa, P., Khunlertkit, T., Teekakirikul, P., Ewald, C. Y., & Viecelli, C. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-27478-9 · Cited by 2
“Elevated HbA1c is causally linked to accelerated neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and increased mortality, acting as a surrogate marker for the cumulative burden of glycation and metabolic stress 56,57 .”
Shi, X., Dong, J., Yang, Y., He, Y.-L., Li, H., Du, T., Yang, B. Y., Yang, C., Zhang, P., & Xin, T. (2026) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03687-x · Cited by 2
Yu, L., Amaliyati, S., Sun, H., Dai, J., Jiang, Y., Li, Z., Dong, Z., & Zhao, L. (2026) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101210 · Cited by 2
Liccardo, M., Perrone, P., Perrella, S., Sirangelo, I., D’Angelo, S., & Iannuzzi, C. (2026) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox15020200 · Cited by 2
Flensted-Jensen, M., Kleis-Olsen, A.-S., Weinreich, C. M., Schjerling, P., Dela, F., Couppé, C., & Svensson, R. B. (2026) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01093.2025 · Cited by 2
Chen, X.-M., Chen, J.-X., Chen, X.-M., Gao, Y., Zeng, C., Chen, D.-Y., Xiang, X.-Q., Hao, X.-T., Wang, S., & Tang, D. (2026) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2026.158204 · Cited by 2
Reversal of protein chemical aging by enzymatic deglycation
Trabosh, N., Smith, J., Hsu, M. Y.-H., Panja, S., Nagaraj, R. H., Olsson, N., McAllister, F. E., & Cravens, A. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75141-2 · Cited by 2
“17).”
Litvinov, R., Гонтарева, А. В., Усмиянова, Л. Э., & Klimenko, D. R. (2021) · Pharmacy & Pharmacology · doi:10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-4-306-317 · Cited by 2
“AGEs are a group of more than 20 molecules [1, 2], differing in their properties, including the ability to autofluorescence and the crosslinks formation.”
BackgroundRen, X., Wu, L., Zhang, L., Liu, Y., Wang, G., & Lu, H. (2023) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/abbs.2023222 · Cited by 2
“The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a known hallmark of aging and metabolic diseases [27].”
Using light to drive energy transduction in metazoan aging
Tiwary, V., Galow, A.-M., Wojtovich, A. P., & Peleg, S. (2023) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2023.08.010 · Cited by 2
Glucose, glycolysis, and neurodegenerative disorders
Coelho, P., & Rego, A. C. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91704-9.00012-4 · Cited by 2
Maia, C. E. G., Trevisan, M. T. S., Owen, R. W., Breuer, A., Monte, E. S. P., da Silva, F. L. F., & Marques, S. P. D. (2023) · Food Chemistry Advances · doi:10.1016/j.focha.2023.100516 · Cited by 2
Jeevanandam, J., Murugan, N. A., & Saraswathi, N. T. (2024) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2024.2301749 · Cited by 2
“…including Alzheimer’s disease, diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis, and other neurological illnesses, are caused by major structural changes in certain enzymes and proteins due to a modification referred to as glycation (Chaudhuri et al., 2018; Neviere et al., 2016; Singh et al., 2014).”
Guo, P., Chu, X., Wu, C., Qiao, T., Guan, W., Zhou, C., Wang, T., Tian, C., He, G., & Chen, G. (2024) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202318893 · Cited by 2
Development of a specific fluorescent probe to detect advanced glycation end products (AGEs)
Cho, H., Hong, N., Yong, I., Kwon, H., Kang, N., Ciaramicoli, L. M., Kim, P., & Chang, Y. (2024) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d4tb00590b · Cited by 2
Phytochemical profiles and protein glycation inhibitory activities of three oak species
Seong, S. H., Kim, B.-R., Han, S., Kim, J.-H., Im, S., Kim, T., Seo, C., Lee, H., Kim, J. E., Jung, J. M., et al. (2024) · Arabian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106039 · Cited by 2
Doi, T., Inoue, T., Sugaya, J., Horii, C., Tozawa, K., Nakarai, H., Sasaki, K., Yoshida, Y., Ito, Y., Ohtomo, N., et al. (2024) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2024.12.015 · Cited by 2
Fei, M., Wu, B., Tu, J., Chen, H., & Guo, Y. (2025) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-025-04578-y · Cited by 2
The Biology of Advanced Glycation End Products
Malik, P., Rani, R., & Mukherjee, T. K. (2025) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815322521125010006 · Cited by 2
Pangrazzi, E., Djeujo, F. M., & Froldi, G. (2025) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786419.2025.2493187 · Cited by 2
“…the buildup of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the bloodstream and tissues, resulting in detrimental effects such as accelerated protein cross-linking, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, increased insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory mediator expression (Chaudhuri et al. 2018).”
Exploring Glyoxalase Strategies for Managing Sugar-Induced Chronic Diseases
Gugliucci, A. (2025) · Life · doi:10.3390/life15050794 · Cited by 2
“Cell culture and animal models, including those of our group, suggest MG drives systemic metabolic dysfunction, contributing to diabetes development [4,6– 10 , 17 ].”
InfluentialSelf-citationCuthbert, B. J., Jensen, S. J., Hayes, C. S., & Goulding, C. W. (2025) · Structural Dynamics · doi:10.1063/4.0000754 · Cited by 2
Advanced glycation end product in food: Formation, dietary sources, and strategies for health
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Hussein, L. K. (2020) · Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology · doi:10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.117 · Cited by 2
“AGEs represent a heterogeneous complex that is produced continuously under physiologic conditions and their production is greatly increased in case of atherosclerosis, hyperglycemia as well as inflammation and oxidative stress (11).”
BackgroundRole of mRAGEs and ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2-Related Inflammation
Fiorucci, S., & Urbani, G. (2022) · Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery · doi:10.2174/277227081601221018140453 · Cited by 2
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“Glycation is increasingly seen as a driver of metabolic disease and aging, and it may elicit specific effects by targeting signaling proteins (Chaudhuri et al., 2018; Kold-Christensen and Johannsen, 2020).”
BackgroundMoreno-Borrallo, A., Jaramillo-Ortiz, S., Schaeffer‐Reiss, C., Quintard, B., Rey, B., Bize, P., Viblanc, V. A., Boulinier, T., Chastel, O., Gutiérrez, J. S., et al. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.103205 · Cited by 2
Diabetes-induced metabolic disorders of diabetic retinopathy
Li, W., & Zhang, J. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-93064-2.00009-3 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Chaudhuri, J., Bains, Y., Guha, S., Kahn, A., Hall, D., Bose, N., Gugliucci, A., & Kapahi, P.
- Affiliations
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
- Touro University California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chaudhuri, Jyotiska
- Gugliucci, Alejandro
- Kapahi, Pankaj
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 337-352
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6355252
- OpenAlex
- W2892213316
- Cited by
- 669
- References
- 179
- Citations by year
- 2026: 70 · 2025: 118 · 2024: 91 · 2023: 107 · 2022: 83 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 6.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Touro Scholar (Touro College) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Federation for Aging Research
- Larry L. Hillblom Foundation
- impact circle award
- NIH (R21 AG053066, RO1 AG045835, RO1 5RO1HL113887)
- Touro University California
- NIH/NIA (T32 AG000266)
- Hillblom Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Potato Plant Research
- Keywords
- advanced glycation end products, aging, metabolic disorders, AGE formation, age-related diseases, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, invertebrate models, drug screening
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Yeasts, Signal Transduction, Glycation End Products, Advanced, Caenorhabditis elegans, Oxidative Stress, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Models, Animal, Mice, Rats
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