The effects of alpha/theta neurofeedback on personality and mood
Abstract
Alpha/theta neurofeedback has been shown to be successful both in treating addictions and in enhancing artistry in music students. How its effects are mediated are not yet clear. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that alpha/theta neurofeedback works inter alia by normalising extreme personality and raising feelings of well being. 12 participants with high scores for Withdrawal (as measured by the PSQ) were given either alpha/theta neurofeedback or mock feedback and their personality and mood were assessed. Withdrawal scores on the PSQ-80 were not found to change in either group but significant effects were found for the Profile Of Mood States (POMS), with real feedback producing higher overall scores than mock feedback (P = 0.056). Real feedback caused participants to feel significantly more energetic (P < 0.01) than did mock feedback. Sessions of real feedback made participants feel more composed (P < 0.01), agreeable (P < 0.01), elevated (P < 0.01) and confident (P < 0.05), whilst sessions of mock feedback made participants feel more tired (P < 0.05), yet composed (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that, whilst 9 sessions of alpha/theta neurofeedback was insufficient to change personality, improvements in mood may provide a partial explanation for the efficacy of alpha/theta neurofeedback.
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EEG-neurofeedback has shown promising clinical effects in a wide variety of conditions including internalizing disorders.
“In any case, EEG-NFB has shown promising clinical effects in a wide various of conditions [130–135] including IDs [102, 136–155].”
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- Authors
- Raymond, J., Varney, C., Parkinson, L. A., & Gruzelier, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gruzelier, John H.
- Venue
- Cognitive Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 287-292
- ISSN
- 0926-6410 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114660896
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cognitive Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Keywords
- personality, mood, withdrawal, Profile of Mood States, well-being, agreeableness, self-confidence
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Alpha Rhythm, Biofeedback, Psychology, Humans, Personality, Theta Rhythm
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