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Cited by 142Hallucinations in medical conditionsSchizophrenia research and treatmentSocial Representations and Identity

Neural correlates of inner speech and auditory verbal hallucinations: A critical review and theoretical integration

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Jones, Simon R., Fernyhough, Charles·2007·Clinical Psychology Review
DOI 10.1016/j.cpr.2006.10.001
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Abstract

The neuroimaging and neurophysiological literature on inner speech in healthy participants and those who experience auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) is reviewed. AVH-hearers in remission and controls do not differ neurologically on tasks involving low levels of verbal self-monitoring (VSM), such as reciting sentences in inner speech. In contrast, on tasks involving high levels of VSM, such as auditory verbal imagery, AVH-hearers in remission show less activation in areas including the middle and superior temporal gyri. This pattern of findings leads to a conundrum, given that mentation involving low levels of VSM is typically held to form the raw material for AVHs. We address this by noting that existing neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies have been based on unexamined assumptions about the form and developmental significance of inner speech. We set out a Vygotskian approach to AVHs which can account for why they are generally experienced as the voice of another person, with specific acoustic properties, and a tendency to take the form of commands. On this approach, which we argue is consistent with the neural correlates evidence, AVHs result from abnormalities in the transition between condensed and expanded dialogic inner speech. Further potential empirical tests of this model are discussed.

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  • Dominant models of AVH explain the phenomenon in terms of misattributed inner speech but struggle to explain why these hallucinations are distinctly experienced in another person's voice.

    “As a first example, dominant models of AVH explain the phenomenon in terms of misattributed inner speech but struggle to explain why these hallucinations are distinctly experienced in another person’s voice (Jones and Fernyhough, 2007).”

    From The brain's conversation with itself: neural substrates of dialogic inner speech (2016) · cites this paper as Jones and Fernyhough, 2007

  • Such neuroimaging studies have been criticized for their lack of ecological validity in eliciting inner speech, and for their failure to recognise the possibility of inner speech continuing during baseline assessments.

    “Such studies have been criticized for their lack of ecological validity in eliciting inner speech, and for their failure to recognise the possibility of inner speech continuing during baseline assessments (Jones & Fernyhough, 2007).”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Jones & Fernyhough, 2007

  • A concern about neuroimaging studies of inner speech is their ecological validity, as many have relied on relatively simple word- or sentence-repetition paradigms that may miss the complexity and variety inherent in everyday inner speech.

    “While the above findings are informative about the neural components of inner speech, one final concern about such studies is their ecological validity. Many have largely relied on relatively simple word- or sentence-repetition paradigms, meaning that they may miss a degree of complexity and variety inherent in everyday inner speech (Jones & Fernyhough, 2007).”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Jones & Fernyhough, 2007

  • Attempts to evaluate the inner speech model of AVHs have been limited by impoverished conceptions of inner speech and inappropriate methods for eliciting it.

    “Attempts to evaluate the inner speech model of AVHs have also been limited by impoverished conceptions of inner speech and inappropriate methods for eliciting it (Jones & Fernyhough, 2007; Moseley & Wilkinson, 2014).”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Jones & Fernyhough, 2007

  • In inner speech research, experimental manipulations intended to elicit inner speech may result in experiences quite dissimilar to ordinary spontaneous inner speech.

    “This problem is particularly acute in the study of inner speech, where experimental manipulations intended to elicit inner speech may result in experiences quite dissimilar to ordinary spontaneous inner speech (cf. Jones & Fernyhough, 2007, and Hubbard, 2010).”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Jones & Fernyhough, 2007

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Authors
Jones, S. R., & Fernyhough, C.
Affiliations
Durham University (GB)
Corresponding author
Jones, Simon R.
ORCID
Fernyhough, Charles
Venue
Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-03
Volume
27
Issue
2
Pages
140-154
ISSN
0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cpr.2006.10.001
OpenAlex
W1971598220
Cited by
142
References
9
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
FWCI
0.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
  • Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Representations and Identity
Keywords
inner speech, auditory verbal hallucinations, verbal self-monitoring, sociocultural theory, neural correlates
MeSH terms
Attention, Brain, Brain Mapping, Dominance, Cerebral, Evoked Potentials, Hallucinations, Humans, Imagination, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Speech Perception, Thinking, Verbal Behavior, Positron-Emission Tomography

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