Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression-The patients' perspective explored

May combine two claims.

Although many people are in need of psychiatric treatment, few actually receive that treatment, especially where anxiety and depressive disorders are concerned.

“Although many people are in need of (psychiatric) treatment, few actually receive that treatment, especially where anxiety and depressive disorders are concerned”

• cites Bebbington, Marsden, & Brewin, 1997 sourceSupported
• cites Bebbington et al., 2000 sourcePartly supported

  The Discussion (p. 7) reports that only a small proportion of people with neurotic disorders consult a family doctor and concludes that many psychiatric disorders remain untreated. This supports the broad point, including its relevance to anxiety and depressive disorders. But the authors explicitly say they measured contact with a clinician—the first step toward treatment—not how many people actually received treatment. (LLM, conf=0.82)

  Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

May combine two claims.

Three other studies found that depressed people regard their depression as a stable characteristic and see physical and biological reasons for depression.

“Three other studies, however, found that depressed people regard their depression as a stable characteristic and see physical and biological reasons for depression”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

All patients prefer psychological treatment forms to medication.

“All patients prefer psychological treatment forms to medication.”

May combine two claims.

In a group of primary care patients who had had a recent panic attack, 64% were willing to take medication for panic disorder, but 88% of this group was also willing to consider psychological treatment.

“In a group of primary care patients who had had a recent panic attack, 64% were willing to take medication for panic disorder, but 88% of this group was also willing to consider psychological treatment.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Recently depressed African-American patients perceived more stigma than Caucasian patients.

“Recently depressed African-American patients perceived more stigma than Caucasian patients”

May combine two claims.

Factors associated with preferring counseling to medication were female gender, greater knowledge of counseling or prior treatment experience with this, paid sick leave, and no recent antidepressant treatment.

“Factors associated with preferring counseling to medication were female gender, greater knowledge of counseling or prior treatment experience with this, paid sick leave, and no recent antidepressant treatment.”

May combine two claims.

African Americans were less willing to use antidepressants and have more negative ideas about efficacy and side-effects when compared with Caucasians.

“African Americans were less willing to use antidepressants and have more negative ideas about efficacy and side-effects when compared with Caucasians”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

If psychotherapy were to fail, psychotropic drugs (36.8%) and relaxation (18.3%) were suggested.

“If this were to fail, psychotropic drugs (36.8%) and relaxation (18.3%) were suggested.”

May combine two claims.

The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being found that, of all people with a mental health problem, 56.1% had a perceived need for treatment, 28.9% had unmet needs for information, 46.2% for counseling, 13% for social interventions and 7.6% for skills training.

“The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being (NSMHWB) found that, of all people with a mental health problem, 56.1% had a perceived need for treatment, 28.9% had unmet needs for information, 46.2% for counseling, 13% for social interventions and 7.6% for skills training”

May combine two claims.

Lay people preferred to seek help from psychotherapists (22.4%), psychiatrists (21.2%) and family physicians (20.1%).

“They preferred to seek help from psychotherapists (22.4%), psychiatrists (21.2%) and family physicians (20.1%)”

May combine two claims.

Learning new coping mechanisms or learning how to change thinking patterns, and dealing with stress or difficult relationships were viewed as helpful in treating depression.

“Learning new coping mechanisms or learning how to change thinking patterns, and dealing with stress or difficult relationships were also viewed as helpful in treating depression”

May combine two claims.

Individuals who found counseling acceptable were younger, more likely to be separated, divorced or widowed, and were more likely to have had previous treatment.

“Individuals who found counseling acceptable were younger, more likely to be separated, divorced or widowed, and were more likely to have had previous treatment”

May combine two claims.

High GHQ score, a positive attitude toward professional help and Malay ethnicity were the most significant predictors of use of mental health services.

“High GHQ score, a positive attitude toward professional help and Malay ethnicity were the most significant predictors of use of mental health services.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

89.6% of those who actually preferred to seek help did not in fact do so.

“and 89.6% of those who actually preferred to seek help did not in fact do so.”

May combine two claims.

Willingness to consider medication treatment was associated with higher age and lower education level.

“Willingness to consider medication treatment was associated with higher age and lower education level”

May combine two claims.

Many studies found that depressed patients have concerns about their antidepressant medication, or believe that the body can become addicted.

“Many studies found that depressed patients have concerns about their antidepressant medication, or believe that the body can become addicted”

May combine two claims.

Depressed patients all seem to value good interpersonal skills in their caregivers and see the patient-provider relationship as a core aspect of good depression care.

“One last important finding was that depressed patients all seem to value good interpersonal skills in their caregivers and see the patient-provider relationship as a core aspect of good depression care”

May combine two claims.

Treatment preferences seem to vary among depressed patients and three classes can be identified that differ in their sensitivity to treatment costs and effects.

“Treatment preferences seem to vary among depressed patients (Thatcher et al., 2005) and three classes can be identified that differ in their sensitivity to treatment costs and effects.”

May combine two claims.

Patients commonly believe their current or future health depends on antidepressant medication, but they also think that doctors prescribe too many medicines.

“Brown et al. (2005) found that patients commonly believe their current or future health depends on antidepressant medication, but they also think that doctors prescribe too many medicines.”

May combine two claims.

In a mainly male sample, 15% preferred medication, 24% psychotherapy and 61% preferred both.

“In a mainly male sample (Lin et al., 2005), 15% preferred medication, 24% psychotherapy and 61% preferred both.”

May combine two claims.

Depressed and non-depressed patients saw family and friends as more helpful than psychiatrists or psychologists, although this perception was stronger in the depressed patients.

“One study found that depressed and non-depressed patients saw family and friends as more helpful than psychiatrists or psychologists, although this perception was stronger in the depressed patients.”

May combine two claims.

Group membership seemed to be a function of age and gender; younger or male patients were more likely to be sensitive to treatment costs and side effects.

“Group membership seemed to be a function of age and gender; younger or male patients were more likely to be sensitive to treatment costs and side effects.”

May combine two claims.

Primary care patients mainly believed that they should see some benefits from depression treatment within 1 month (51%), 24% thought within 1 week, 19% within 6 months and 6% within 1 year.

“Primary care patients mainly believed that they should see some benefits from depression treatment within 1 month (51%), 24% thought they should see them within 1 week, 19% within 6 months and 6% within 1 year”

May combine two claims.

Older age and being currently married were associated with increased rates of specialized mental health care use and use of psychotropic medication.

“Older age and being currently married were associated with increased rates of specialized mental health care use and use of psychotropic medication”

May combine two claims.

Caucasian patients had more favorable views of both psychotropic medication and psychotherapy than non-Caucasian patients did.

“Caucasian patients had more favorable views of both psychotropic medication (Bystritsky, 2005;Wagner et al., 2005) and psychotherapy than non-Caucasian patients did”

May combine two claims.

Among patients who only see their family practitioner, only 16% had unmet needs for medication, while 50% had unmet needs for counseling.

“Among patients who only see their family practitioner, only 16% had unmet needs for medication, while 50% had unmet needs for counseling.”

May combine two claims.

One class cared primarily about treatment effectiveness, while side effects and the cost of treatment had little impact on this class's treatment decisions.

“One class cared primarily about treatment effectiveness, while side effects and the cost of treatment had little impact on this class's treatment decisions.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Younger depressed patients reported higher levels of perceived stigma than older patients.

“other studies found that younger depressed patients reported higher levels of perceived stigma than older patients”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Women reported higher stigma tolerance than men in one study in a healthy group.

“women reported higher stigma tolerance than men in one study in a healthy group”

May combine two claims.

Patients' general aversion to medicines applies for general practice patients but even stronger for chronically ill patients.

“This applies for general practice patients but even stronger for chronically ill patients.”

May combine two claims.

Underutilization of services and poor quality of mental health care is due to less-than-favorable illness and treatment beliefs among depressed and anxiety patients from minority groups.

“Underutilization of services and poor quality of mental health care is due to less-than-favorable illness and treatment beliefs among depressed and anxiety patients from minority groups (Schraufnagel, Wagner, Miranda, & Roy-Byrne, 2006).”

• cites Schraufnagel, Wagner, Miranda, & Roy-Byrne, 2006 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

May combine two claims.

These patients would like more proactive information and 'permission' to disclose mental health problems.

“These patients would like more proactive information and 'permission' to disclose mental health problems”

• cites Kadam, Croft, McLeod, & Hutchinson, 2001Not checked — no full text of the source

May combine two claims.

Both patients and family practitioners think depression is an understandable product of life events and family practitioners are reluctant to actively treat these patients as a result.

“Both patients and family practitioners think depression is an understandable product of all of these and family practitioners are reluctant to actively treat these patients as a result (Burroughs, Lovell, Morley, Baldwin, Burns, & Chew-Graham, 2006).”

• cites Burroughs, Lovell, Morley, Baldwin, Burns, & Chew-Graham, 2006Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Depressed patients believe more in a biological etiology and have more trust in medication than non-depressed patients.

“Depressed patients believe more in a biological etiology and have more trust in medication than non-depressed patients.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

People from minority groups are often found in economically disadvantaged groups.

“People from minority groups are often found in economically disadvantaged groups as well.”

May combine two claims.

The prime rule for family practitioners is to 'wait-and-see' and decision-making is shaped by organizational constraints, professional responsibility, opinions, and patient attitudes.

“The prime rule is to 'wait-and-see' and decision-making is shaped by organizational constraints (lack of time and access to psychological services), the family practitioner's professional responsibility, his or her opinions, and patient attitudes (Hyde, Calnan, Prior, Lewis, Kessler, & Sharp, 2005).”

• cites Hyde, Calnan, Prior, Lewis, Kessler, & Sharp, 2005Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Collaborative care appeared to improve adherence to (medication) treatment, increased patient satisfaction with depression care, and improve depression outcome compared with usual care by general practitioners alone.

“It appeared to improve adherence to (medication) treatment, increased patient satisfaction with depression care, and improve depression outcome compared with usual care by general practitioners alone (Katon et al., 1997).”

• cites Katon et al., 1997Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Many sufferers from anxiety and depression experienced side effects from medication and felt poorly informed about these.

“A qualitative study by Haslam, Brown, Atkinson, and Haslam (2004) states that many sufferers from anxiety and depression experienced side effects from medication and felt poorly informed about these.”

• cites Haslam, Brown, Atkinson, and Haslam (2004)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Both patients and non-patients see antidepressants as being addictive in some way and prefer psychological treatment for their complaints.

“Apart from the differences, however, there are similarities between patients and non-patients, in that both see antidepressants as being addictive in some way and prefer psychological treatment for their complaints.”

May combine two claims.

Women seek help more easily and experience a need for treatment about two times more often than men.

“They seek help more easily and experience a need for treatment about two times more often than men.”

May combine two claims.

General practice patients have more unmet needs for counseling than for medication, while patients who use other services had their counseling needs more often met.

“The finding that general practice patients have more unmet needs for counseling than for medication, while patients who use other services had their counseling needs more often met”

May combine two claims.

Family practitioners do not lightly decide to prescribe antidepressants and apply decision rules based on clinical and social criteria.

“Family practitioners do not lightly decide to prescribe antidepressants and apply decision rules based on clinical and social criteria.”

• cites Hyde, Calnan, Prior, Lewis, Kessler, & Sharp, 2005Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Depression was found to be associated with increasingly frequent perception of barriers to psychotherapy, and 74% of depressed patients reported one or more barriers versus 51% of non-depressed patients.

“Depression was found to be associated with increasingly frequent perception of barriers to psychotherapy, and 74% of depressed patients reported one or more barriers versus 51% of non-depressed patients”

May combine two claims.

Women attach greater importance to biological causes of depression than men do and believe less in the addictiveness of antidepressants.

“Women seem to attach greater importance to biological causes of depression than men do and believe less in the addictiveness of antidepressants.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Depressed patients mostly have negative expectations of recovery from depression and see a more chronic time-line, while healthy people see more positive prospects.

“The finding that depressed patients mostly have negative expectations of recovery from depression and see a more chronic time-line, while healthy people see more positive prospects, is obvious.”

May combine two claims.

The most vulnerable groups found in this review are younger, older and minority-group patients, on the respective bases of a low perceived need, failure to recognize a mental disorder in themselves, and negative beliefs about treatment.

“The most vulnerable groups found in this review are younger, older and minority-group patients, on the respective bases of a low perceived need, failure to recognize a mental disorder in themselves, and negative beliefs about treatment.”

May combine two claims.

Many patients with an anxiety or depressive disorder view their family practitioner as a focal point for help, but find it difficult to disclose their distress.

“Many patients with an anxiety or depressive disorder view their family practitioner as a focal point for help, but find it difficult to disclose their distress (Kadam, Croft, McLeod, & Hutchinson, 2001).”

• cites Kadam, Croft, McLeod, & Hutchinson, 2001Not checked — no full text of the source

May combine two claims.

A review of recent literature identified a great number of potential barriers to the use of general health services by ethnic minorities, and demographic variables, health beliefs and attitudinal factors were found to be important barriers to seeking care.

“A review of recent literature (Scheppers, van Dongen, Dekker, Geertzen, & Dekker, 2006) also identified a great number of potential barriers to the use of general health services by ethnic minorities, and demographic variables, health beliefs and attitudinal factors were found to be important barriers to seeking care.”

• cites Scheppers, van Dongen, Dekker, Geertzen, & Dekker, 2006Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

People in the general population also preferred to manage by themselves, while other barriers were 'did not get around to it' and 'did not know how to get help'.

“People in the general population also 'preferred to manage by themselves,' while other barriers were 'did not get around to it' and 'did not know how to get help'”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The reviewers had doubts or disagreed in 7 cases and these problems were resolved by discussion.

“The reviewers had doubts or disagreed in 7 cases and these problems were resolved by discussion.”

May combine two claims.

The most vulnerable groups in terms of seeking and receiving mental health care for depression and anxiety seem to be minority groups, as well as younger and older patients.

“The most vulnerable groups in terms of seeking and receiving mental health care for depression and anxiety seem to be minority groups, as well as younger and older patients.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Results were obtained by means of vote-counting and conclusions were formulated.

“Results were obtained by means of vote-counting and conclusions were formulated.”

May combine two claims.

Patients with depression and anxiety may have very different views from health practitioners about what interventions are helpful for them, what influences their help-seeking behavior and adherence to treatment.

“This means that patients with depression and anxiety may have very different views from health practitioners about what interventions are helpful for them, what influences their help-seeking behavior and adherence to treatment.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Illness beliefs are structured around five themes or components: identity, time-line, cause, consequences, and cure/control.

“They provide evidence that illness beliefs are structured around five themes or components, viz.identity, time-line, cause, consequences, and cure/control.”

• cites Leventhal, Nerenz and Steele (1984)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The second selection step was performed by the same two reviewers independently applying the selection criteria to the full text.

“The second step was performed by the same two reviewers, who independently applied the selection criteria stated above to the full text of the reports.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the two reviewers using a standardized critical appraisal instrument from the SUMARI package.

“The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the two reviewers using a standardized critical appraisal instrument from the System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information (SUMARI) package”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Three studies excluded were rated as 'unsupported' and not one study reached the level of 'unequivocal'.

“Three studies excluded were rated as 'unsupported' and not one study reached the level of 'unequivocal'”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Any disagreements that arose between the reviewers were resolved through discussion.

“Any disagreements that arose between the reviewers were resolved through discussion.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The JBI levels of evidence were used to stratify the methodological quality of the studies included on three levels and the degrees of credibility were divided into unequivocal, credible and unsupported.

“The JBI levels of evidence were used to stratify the methodological quality of the studies included on three levels and the degrees of credibility were divided into unequivocal, credible and unsupported”

• cites Joanna Briggs Institute, 2006Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Study selection was performed in two stages, with the first selection based on titles and abstracts independently by two reviewers.

“The study selection was performed in two stages.The first selection, based on titles and abstracts, was independently performed by two reviewers (MP and PV) who applied the inclusion criteria.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Inclusion of a study commenced when both reviewers agreed that a study was eligible.

“Inclusion of a study commenced when both reviewers agreed that a study was eligible.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Only studies rated as 'credible' were included, so no differentiation was made regarding the weight of the findings.

“Because only studies which were rated as 'credible' (evidence that is, although an interpretation, plausible in light of the data and theoretical framework.The interpretation can be logically inferred from the data, because the findings are essentially interpretive, they can be challenged), were included, no differentiation was made regarding the weight of the findings.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

A large number of patients in need of psychological help do not ask for this help, partly because they can cope with their problems, partly because they do not consider themselves as having psychological problems, and partly because they do not see a reasonable chance of solving their problems.

“A large number of patients in need of psychological help does not ask for this help, partly because they can cope with their problems, partly because they do not consider themselves as having psychological problems and-most importantly-partly because they do not see a reasonable chance of solving their problems”

• cites Verhaak, 1995Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Seventy-one articles fulfilled all selection criteria, were rated as being of 'credible' quality, and were included in the review study.

“Seventy-one articles fulfilled all selection criteria, were rated as being of 'credible' quality, and were included in our review study as a consequence.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

Our conclusions are supported by general findings from multiple studies.

“Nevertheless, our conclusions are supported by general findings from multiple studies.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Medication treatment is recommended in cases of moderate to severe depression if complaints exist for at least 3 months without improvement, if other forms of help do not result in better outcomes, or if the patient prefers this kind of treatment.

“Medication treatment is recommended in cases of moderate to severe depression if complaints exist for at least 3 months without improvement, if other forms of help (psycho-education, bibliotherapy, problem-solving therapy, or wait-andsee) do not result in better outcomes, or if the patient prefers this kind of treatment.”

• cites NHG, 2003Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites NHG, 2004Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Trimbos instituut, 2005Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

The NICE stepped care model seems to fit better to patients' needs, as this model provides more alternatives for medication.

“This stepped care model seems to fit better to patients' needs, as this model provides more alternatives for medication.”

• cites CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

Family practitioners need to have readily accessible alternatives for antidepressants, since this medication would otherwise be their only treatment option.

“Family practitioners need to have readily accessible alternatives for antidepressants, since this medication would otherwise be their only treatment option.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The strong recommendation for (a combination with) psychological interventions in all steps seems to fit our finding of patients' preferences for treatment.

“The strong recommendation for (a combination with) psychological interventions in all steps seems to fit our finding of patients' preferences for treatment.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

Illness representations and (health) beliefs are very important in health behavior, the utilization of health services, and outcomes.

“Illness representations and (health) beliefs are very important in health behavior, the utilization of health services, and outcomes.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

The pre-condition for success in this situation is good communication between patient and provider.

“The pre-condition for success in this situation is good communication between patient and provider.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

A generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is less clear in its etiology and solution, so medication may then seem more appropriate.

“A generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) on the other hand is less clear in its etiology and solution, so medication may then seem more appropriate.”

May combine two claims.

Studies from the USA dominate this review and conclusions cannot be generalized to all countries as a consequence.

“Studies from the USA dominate this review on the whole and conclusions cannot be generalized to all countries as a consequence.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

An anxiety disorder often has a clearer behavioral cause or solution than depression.

“An anxiety disorder often has a clearer behavioral cause or solution than depression.”

May combine two claims.

Family practitioners may have different conceptions of their task than specialized mental health providers and may therefore behave in a more biomedical way.

“might be explained by the fact that family practitioners may have different conceptions of their task than specialized mental health providers and may therefore behave in a more biomedical way (Ring, Dowrick, Humphris, Davies, & Salmon, 2005).”

• cites Ring, Dowrick, Humphris, Davies, & Salmon, 2005 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

These illness beliefs often do not reflect reality and may interfere with treatment.

“These illness beliefs often do not reflect reality and may interfere with treatment.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

It is possible that results are somewhat distorted by third factors, such as co-morbidity or health status.

“It is possible that results are somewhat distorted by third factors, such as co-morbidity or health status.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Beliefs about causes, time-line, consequences, perceived helpfulness of different treatment options, stigma and other barriers to care have a significant influence on the utilization of health care services.

“Beliefs about causes, time-line, consequences, perceived helpfulness of different treatment options, stigma and other barriers to care have a significant influence on the utilization of health care services.”

May combine two claims.

Both depressed patients and anxiety patients perceive psychological treatment as their best treatment option.

“Both depressed patients and anxiety patients perceive psychological treatment as their best treatment option.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

There is much to be gained in the general practice setting.

“which means there is much to be gained in the general practice setting”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The recommended treatment for anxiety disorders in the Netherlands is psychological or behavioral in the first place, and only supported by medication if the patient suffers from a severe co-morbid depression, or agoraphobia, and again if the patient prefers this form of treatment.

“The recommended treatment for anxiety disorders is psychological or behavioral in the first place, and only supported by medication if the patient suffers from a severe co-morbid depression, or agoraphobia, and again if the patient prefers this form of treatment (Trimbos instituut, 2003).”

• cites Trimbos instituut, 2003Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The NICE guidelines for anxiety recommend that patients should be offered any of 1) Psychological therapy, such as CBT, 2) Medication, such as an SSRI, or 3) Self-help, such as bibliotherapy based on CBT principles.

“The NICE guidelines for anxiety (panic, with or without agoraphobia, and GAD) (CG22 Anxiety: Quick reference guide amended, 2007) recommend that patients should be offered any of 1) Psychological therapy, such as CBT, 2) Medication, such as an SSRI, or 3) Self-help, such as bibliotherapy based on CBT principles.”

• cites CG22 Anxiety: Quick reference guide amended, 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The NICE guidelines for depression recommend considering patient preference when deciding on treatment and emphasize shared decision making.

“Key points in the guidelines for depression are the explicit recommendation to consider patient preference when deciding on treatment and the emphasis on shared decision making.”

• cites CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The NICE stepped care framework aims to match the needs of people to the most appropriate services, depending on characteristics of illness and personal and social circumstances.

“The recommendations in these guidelines are presented within a stepped care framework that aims to match the needs of people to the most appropriative services, depending on the characteristics of their illness and their personal and social circumstances (CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007).”

• cites CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.