Mobile Mindfulness Meditation: a Randomised Controlled Trial of the Effect of Two Popular Apps on Mental Health
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The nine research articles that examined the 10 apps were made up of seven randomized controlled trials and two feasibility or pilot studies.
“The nine research articles [47-55] that examined the 10 apps were made up of seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs)—the Flett et al article contained one RCT with 2 of the listed apps: Headspace and Smiling Mind [52]—and two feasibility or pilot studies: Kinderman et al [48] and Carey et al [55].”
From Apps with maps-anxiety and depression mobile apps with evidence-based frameworks: Systematic search of major app stores (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
Mindfulness-based interventions can help individuals focus on the present moment and reduce the cognitive hyperarousal that often accompanies sleep onset anxiety.
“Mindfulness-based interventions can help individuals focus on the present moment and reduce the cognitive hyperarousal that often accompanies sleep onset anxiety [73,74].”
From Pre-Sleep Anxiety: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches in Clinical Practice. (2026) · cites this paper as [74]
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267 · see citing works
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139 · see citing works
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,644 · see citing works
The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Bjelland, I., Dahl, A. A., Haug, T. T., & Neckelmann, D. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00296-3 · Cited by 9,779 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg016 · Cited by 8,615 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Despite these benefits, many mindfulness meditation programmes remain inaccessible because they require the presence of highly qualified instructors (Kabat-Zinn 2003), involve multiple in-person and group training sessions (e.g. MBCT and MBSR 8–12 weeks of 2–2.5 h sessions; Carmody and Baer 2009),…”
BackgroundInfluentialMindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg016 · Cited by 8,612 · see citing works
(1991) · Cited by 7,187 · see citing works
The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/10705500802222972 · Cited by 6,439 · see citing works
New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-009-9493-y · Cited by 4,980 · see citing works
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1982) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0163-8343(82)90026-3 · Cited by 4,255 · see citing works
(1988) · Cited by 4,111 · see citing works
The effect of mindfulness based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta analytic review
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018555 · Cited by 3,846 · see citing works
(2001) · Cited by 3,666 · see citing works
Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., Ridgeway, V. A., Soulsby, J. M., & Lau, M. A. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.4.615 · Cited by 3,236 · see citing works
The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale.
(2003) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/1477-7525-1-29 · Cited by 2,391 · see citing works
Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M. S., Gould, N. F., Rowland-Seymour, A., Sharma, R., Berger, Z., Sleicher, D., Maron, D. D., Shihab, H. M., et al. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018 · Cited by 2,380 · see citing works
Mobile app rating scale: a new tool for assessing the quality of health mobile apps
Stoyanov, S. R., Hides, L., Kavanagh, D. J., Zelenko, O., Tjondronegoro, D., & Mani, M. (2015) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.3422 · Cited by 2,233 · see citing works
Lewinsohn, P. M., Seeley, J. R., Roberts, R. E., & Allen, N. B. (1997) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.12.2.277 · Cited by 1,782 · see citing works
Creswell, J. D. (2017) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-042716-051139 · Cited by 1,702 · see citing works
Feldman, G., Hayes, A., Kumar, S., Greeson, J., & Laurenceau, J.-P. (2007) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-006-9035-8 · Cited by 1,630 · see citing works
Van Dam, N. T., van Vugt, M. K., Vago, D. R., Schmalzl, L., Saron, C. D., Olendzki, A., Meissner, T., Lazar, S. W., Kerr, C. E., Gorchov, J., et al. (2018) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691617709589 · Cited by 1,506 · see citing works
Smartphones for smarter delivery of mental health programs: A systematic review
Donker, T., Petrie, K., Proudfoot, J., Clarke, J., Birch, M.-R., & Christensen, H. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2791 · Cited by 1,136 · see citing works
Further psychometric support for the 10-item version of the Perceived Stress Scale
Roberti, J. W., Harrington, L. N., & Storch, E. A. (2006) · Journal of College Counseling · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1882.2006.tb00100.x · Cited by 984 · see citing works
Spijkerman, M. P. J., Pots, W. T. M., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.009 · Cited by 975 · see citing works
Mental Health Smartphone Apps: Review and Evidence-Based Recommendations for Future Developments
Bakker, D., Kazantzis, N., Rickwood, D., & Rickard, N. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.4984 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Weinstein, N., Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2009) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.008 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Design aesthetics leading to m-loyalty in mobile commerce
Cyr, D., Head, M. M., & Ivanov, A. (2006) · Information & Management · doi:10.1016/j.im.2006.08.009 · Cited by 816 · see citing works
Accelerating the coping process.
Pennebaker, J., Colder, M., & Sharp, L. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.58.3.528 · Cited by 778 · see citing works
Lyubomirsky, S., Dickerhoof, R., Boehm, J. K., & Sheldon, K. M. (2011) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0022575 · Cited by 720 · see citing works
(2004) · Cited by 673 · see citing works
Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20555 · Cited by 568 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…because they require the presence of highly qualified instructors (Kabat-Zinn 2003), involve multiple in-person and group training sessions (e.g. MBCT and MBSR 8–12 weeks of 2–2.5 h sessions; Carmody and Baer 2009), and can incur significant financial costs to the meditator (Cavanagh et al. 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialHelp-seeking behaviour in men and women with common mental health problems: cross-sectional study
Oliver, M. I., Pearson, N., Coe, N., & Gunnell, D. (2005) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.186.4.297 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Accelerating the coping process.
Pennebaker, J. W., Colder, M., & Sharp, L. K. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.3.528 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Review and evaluation of mindfulness-based iPhone apps
Mani, M., Kavanagh, D. J., Hides, L., & Stoyanov, S. R. (2015) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.4328 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
mHealth: A Mechanism to Deliver More Accessible, More Effective Mental Health Care
Price, M., Yuen, E. K., Goetter, E. M., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Acierno, R., & Ruggiero, K. J. (2014) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.1855 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Mindfulness on-the-go: Effects of a mindfulness meditation app on work stress and well-being
Bostock, S., Crosswell, A. D., Prather, A. A., & Steptoe, A. (2019) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000118 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
The extended iSelf: The impact of iPhone separation on cognition, emotion, and physiology
Clayton, R. B., Leshner, G., & Almond, A. (2015) · Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication · doi:10.1111/jcc4.12109 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Howells, A., Ivtzan, I., & Eiroa-Orosa, F. J. (2016) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-014-9589-1 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Weiss, L. A., Westerhof, G. J., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158092 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Fisher, S., & Hood, B. (1987) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1987.tb02260.x · Cited by 388 · see citing works
A randomised controlled trial of a brief online mindfulness-based intervention
Cavanagh, K., Strauss, C., Cicconi, F., Griffiths, N., Wyper, A., & Jones, F. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.06.003 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Cavanagh, K., Strauss, C., Forder, L., & Jones, F. (2014) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2014.01.001 · Cited by 340 · cited 5× · see citing works
“…because they require the presence of highly qualified instructors (Kabat-Zinn 2003), involve multiple in-person and group training sessions (e.g. MBCT and MBSR 8–12 weeks of 2–2.5 h sessions; Carmody and Baer 2009), and can incur significant financial costs to the meditator (Cavanagh et al. 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialMindfulness and compassion: an examination of mechanism and scalability
Lim, D., Condon, P., & DeSteno, D. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118221 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
A mind you can count on: validating breath counting as a behavioral measure of mindfulness
Levinson, D. B., Stoll, E. L., Kindy, S. D., Merry, H. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01202 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Prins, M. A., Verhaak, P. F. M., Bensing, J. M., & van der Meer, K. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.02.009 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Economides, M., Martman, J., Bell, M. J., & Sanderson, B. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0905-4 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
The Foundations of Resilience: What Are the Critical Resources for Bouncing Back from Stress?
Smith, B. W., Epstein, E. M., Ortiz, J. A., Christopher, P. J., & Tooley, E. M. (2012) · Plenum series on human exceptionality · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4939-3_13 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Mobile Applications: Literature Review and Analysis of Current Features
Plaza, I., Demarzo, M., Herrera‐Mercadal, P., & García‐Campayo, J. (2013) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.2733 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
The digital placebo effect: mobile mental health meets clinical psychiatry
Torous, J., & Firth, J. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(15)00565-9 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Happier Healers: Randomized Controlled Trial of Mobile Mindfulness for Stress Management
Yang, E., Schamber, E., Meyer, R. M. L., & Gold, J. I. (2018) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2015.0301 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Quantifying App Store Dynamics: Longitudinal Tracking of Mental Health Apps
Larsen, M. E., Nicholas, J., & Christensen, H. (2016) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.6020 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Ahtinen, A., Mattila, E., Välkkynen, P., Kaipainen, K., Vanhala, T., Ermes, M., Sairanen, E., Myllymäki, T., & Lappalainen, R. (2013) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.2596 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Psychometric Properties of the Flourishing Scale in a New Zealand Sample
Hone, L., Jarden, A., & Schofield, G. (2014) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-013-0501-x · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Carissoli, C., Villani, D., & Riva, G. (2015) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2014.0062 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Encouraging Mindfulness in Medical House Staff via Smartphone App: A Pilot Study
Wen, L., Sweeney, T. E., Welton, L., Trockel, M., & Katznelson, L. (2017) · Academic Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40596-017-0768-3 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Smartphone-Based Psychotherapeutic Micro-Interventions to Improve Mood in a Real-World Setting
Meinlschmidt, G., Lee, J.-H., Stalujanis, E., Belardi, A., Oh, M., Jung, E. K., Kim, H.-C., Alfano, J., Yoo, S.-S., & Tegethoff, M. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01112 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Bergomi, C. R., Tschacher, W., & Kupper, Z. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0415-6 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Kladnitski, N., Smith, J., Allen, A., Andrews, G., & Newby, J. M. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.06.003 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gellman, M. D., & Turner, J. R. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_101405 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Brody, J. L., Scherer, D. G., Turner, C. W., Annett, R. D., & Dalen, J. (2017) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12298 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Bostock, S., & Steptoe, A. (2013) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lattie, E. G., Adkins, E. C., Winquist, N., Stiles-Shields, C., Wafford, Q. E., & Graham, A. K. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/12869 · Cited by 843 · see citing works
Linardon, J., Cuijpers, P., Carlbring, P., Messer, M., & Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M. (2019) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20673 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Torous, J., Lipschitz, J., Ng, M., & Firth, J. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.167 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing
van Agteren, J., Iasiello, M., Lo, L., Bartholomaeus, J., Kopsaftis, Z., Carey, M., & Kyrios, M. (2021) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01093-w · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Huberty, J., Green, J., Glissmann, C., Larkey, L., Puzia, M., & Lee, C. (2019) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/14273 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Gál, É., Ștefan, S., & Cristea, I. A. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.134 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Torous, J., Linardon, J., Goldberg, S. B., Sun, S., Bell, I., Nicholas, J., Hassan, L., Hua, Y., Milton, A., & Firth, J. (2025) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21299 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
15 Smartphone apps for older adults to use while in isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Banskota, S., Healy, M., & Goldberg, E. (2020) · Western Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47372 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Lau, N., O'Daffer, A., Colt, S., Yi-Frazier, J. P., Palermo, T. M., McCauley, E., & Rosenberg, A. R. (2020) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/17798 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Sommers-Spijkerman, M., Austin, J., Bohlmeijer, E., & Pots, W. (2021) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/28168 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“Population, intervention, and methodological characteristics (Multimedia Appendix 1; Gao et al, unpublished data, 2021; [32-125]) as well as effect size data were extracted from the full-text papers by 3 raters (ie, MSS, JA, and WP) independently.”
BackgroundMethodEisenstadt, M., Liverpool, S., Infanti, E., Ciuvat, R. M., & Carlsson, C. (2021) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/31170 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Wadley, G., Smith, W., Koval, P., & Gross, J. J. (2020) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721420920592 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Linardon, J. (2020) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.10.002 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Strohmaier, S., Jones, F. W., & Cane, J. E. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01512-5 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
The Digital Psychiatrist: In Search of Evidence-Based Apps for Anxiety and Depression
Marshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00831 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Amanvermez, Y., Zhao, R., Cuijpers, P., de Wit, L. M., Ebert, D. D., Kessler, R. C., Bruffaerts, R., & Karyotaki, E. (2022) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2022.100503 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
College student engagement with mental health apps: analysis of barriers to sustained use
Melcher, J., Camacho, E., Lagan, S., & Torous, J. (2022) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2020.1825225 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Cultivating Teacher Resilience
Mansfield, C. F. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5963-1 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
AI-Based and Digital Mental Health Apps: Balancing Need and Risk
Hamdoun, S., Monteleone, R., Bookman, T., & Michael, K. (2023) · IEEE Technology and Society Magazine · doi:10.1109/mts.2023.3241309 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Taylor, H., Strauss, C., & Cavanagh, K. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102078 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Six, S. G., Byrne, K. A., Tibbett, T. P., & Pericot-Valverde, I. (2021) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/32199 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
“The following data were extracted from each article: first author, year of publication, participants’ characteristics (ie, gender and age), population, and study length (Multimedia Appendix 3), as well as app name, app classification (ie, mobile or internet), presence of gamification elements, type of gamification ele…”
MethodResultMarshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. (2020) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/16525 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“Description (ie, framework)Code Agoraphobia Free Catch It PTSD Coach MoodMission Thought Challenger 5/88 (6)88 (30.0)Cognitive behavioral therapyCBT Headspace Smiling Mind DeStressify 3/46 (7)46 (15.7)MindfulnessMIND SuperBetter1/27 (4)27 (9.2)Positive psychologyPOS N/Aa0 (0)10 (3.4)Dialectical behavior therapyDBT N/A…”
BackgroundInfluentialMarques, G., Drissi, N., Díez, I. D. L. T., de Abajo, B. S., & Ouhbi, S. (2020) · International Journal of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104369 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Flett, J. A. M., Conner, T. S., Riordan, B. C., Patterson, T., & Hayne, H. (2020) · Psychology & Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2019.1711089 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationDigital training for building resilience: systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
Ang, W. H. D., Chew, H. S. J., Dong, J., Yi, H., Mahendren, R., & Lau, Y. (2022) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3154 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“This could be due to the inclusion of a study with a larger sample size (Flett et al., 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHuberty, J., Vranceanu, A.-M., Carney, C., Breus, M., Gordon, M., & Puzia, M. E. (2019) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/15648 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“First, participation requires people to travel to a public location with a trained meditation instructor at a specific time of day [5].”
BackgroundInfluentialKanekar, A. S., & Sharma, M. (2020) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare8030336 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Hype and hope? Mind-body practice predicts pro-environmental engagement through global identity
Loy, L. S., & Reese, G. (2019) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.101340 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Huberty, J., Puzia, M., Green, J., Vlisides‐Henry, R. D., Larkey, L., Irwin, M. R., & Vranceanu, A. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.09.004 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Linardon, J., Messer, M., Goldberg, S. B., & Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M. (2023) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102370 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
O'Daffer, A., Colt, S. F., Wasil, A. R., & Lau, N. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/40924 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Levin, M. E., Hicks, E. T., & Krafft, J. (2022) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2020.1728281 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Linardon, J. (2023) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2023.104421 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based programs and school adjustment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Mettler, J., Khoury, B., Zito, S., Sadowski, I., & Heath, N. L. (2023) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2022.10.007 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Bhushan, D., Kotz, K. J., McCall, J., Wirtz, S., Gilgoff, R., Dube, S. R., Powers, C., Olson-Morgan, J., Galeste, M., Patterson, K., et al. (2020) · doi:10.48019/peam8812 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Bigelow, H., Gottlieb, M., Ogrodnik, M., Graham, J. D., & Fenesi, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660845 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Teepe, G. W., Fonseca, A. D., Kleim, B., Jacobson, N. C., Salamanca-Sanabria, A., Car, L. T., Fleisch, E., & Kowatsch, T. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/29412 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Virtual Reality-Based Mindfulness for Chronic Pain Management: A Scoping Review
O’Connor, S., Mayne, A., & Hood, B. (2022) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2022.03.013 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The effects of app-based mindfulness practice on the well-being of university students and staff
Lahtinen, O., Aaltonen, J., Kaakinen, J. K., Franklin, L., & Hyönä, J. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01762-z · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Reangsing, C., Lauderman, C., & Schneider, J. K. (2022) · Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/jicm.2021.0036 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Bear, H. A., Ayala‐Nunes, L., DeJesus, J., Liverpool, S., Moltrecht, B., Neelakantan, L., Harriss, E., Watkins, E. R., & Fazel, M. S. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/40347 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Schulte‐Frankenfeld, P. M., & Trautwein, F. (2022) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12328 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Digital Mental Health Interventions for Young People Aged 16-25 Years: Scoping Review
Potts, C., Kealy, C., McNulty, J. M., Madrid‐Cagigal, A., Wilson, T., Mulvenna, M. D., O’Neill, S. M., Donohoe, G. J., & Barry, M. M. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/72892 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
McVeigh, C., Ace, L., Ski, C. F., Carswell, C., Burton, S., Rej, S., & Noble, H. R. (2021) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare9111493 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The role of digital mental health resources to treat trauma symptoms in Australia during COVID-19.
Marshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. J. (2020) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000627 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Hunkin, H., King, D. L., & Zajac, I. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01541-0 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Alrashdi, D. H., Chen, K. K., Meyer, C., & Gould, R. L. (2023) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-023-00321-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Parks, A. C., Williams, A. L., Kackloudis, G. M., Stafford, J. L., Boucher, E. M., & Honomichl, R. D. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/16211 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Aschentrup, L., Steimer, P. A., Dadaczynski, K., McCall, T., Fischer, F., & Wrona, K. J. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17517-3 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Research Trends on Mobile Mental Health Application for General Population: A Scoping Review
Hwang, W. J., Ha, J. S., & Kim, M. J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18052459 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Hawley, L. L., Rector, N. A., DaSilva, A., Laposa, J. M., & Richter, M. A. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103757 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The Adverse Effects of Meditation-Interventions and Mind–Body Practices: a Systematic Review
Taylor, G. B., Vasquez, T. S., Kastrinos, A., Fisher, C. L., Puig, A., & Bylund, C. L. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01915-6 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Tarrant, J., Jackson, R., & Viczko, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Virtual Reality · doi:10.3389/frvir.2022.764745 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Schwartz, K., Ganster, F. M., & Tran, U. S. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/44638 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of persuasive design, engagement, and efficacy in 92 RCTs of mental health apps
Valentine, L., Hinton, J. D. X., Bajaj, K., Boyd, L., O’Sullivan, S., Sorenson, R. P., Bell, I., Vega, M. S., Liu, P., Peters, W., et al. (2025) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01567-5 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The peril of self-reported adherence in digital interventions: A brief example
Flett, J. A. M., Fletcher, B. C., Riordan, B. C., Patterson, T., Hayne, H., & Conner, T. S. (2019) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2019.100267 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationPizarro-Ruiz, J. P., Ordóñez-Camblor, N., Del-Líbano, M., & Escolar-LLamazares, M.-C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18020802 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Similarly, they have proven effective in improving emotional well-being, increasing satisfaction with life and promoting positive mental health [41].”
BackgroundRobots as Mental Well-being Coaches: Design and Ethical Recommendations
Axelsson, M., Spitale, M., & Güneş, H. (2024) · ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction · doi:10.1145/3643457 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Smartphone ownership and use of mental health applications by psychiatric inpatients
Iliescu, R., Kumaravel, A., Smurawska, L. T., Torous, J. B., & Keshavan, M. S. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113806 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Lim, J., Leow, Z., Ong, J., Pang, L.-S., & Lim, E. (2020) · doi:10.2196/preprints.21757 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Reangsing, C., Abdullahi, S. G., & Schneider, J. K. (2022) · Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/jicm.2022.0606 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Wang, L., Fagan, C., & Yu, C.-L. (2020) · Journal of Psychotherapy Integration · doi:10.1037/int0000204 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Mahlo, L., & Windsor, T. D. (2020) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnaa093 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Tan, Z. Y. A., Wong, S. H., Cheng, L. J., & Lau, S. T. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01962-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Mindfulness Mobile Application for Ruminative Adolescents
Hilt, L. M., Swords, C. M., & Webb, C. A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2022.2158840 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Zhang, Z. (2023) · Soft Computing · doi:10.1007/s00500-023-09422-z · Cited by 29 · see citing works
RetractedA Review of Mindfulness-Based Apps for Children
Nunes, A., Castro, S. L., & Limpo, T. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01410-w · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Acceptability and Preliminary Effects of a Mindfulness Mobile Application for Ruminative Adolescents
Hilt, L. M., & Swords, C. M. (2021) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2021.03.004 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Bartlett, L., Martin, A. J., Kilpatrick, M., Otahal, P., Sanderson, K., & Neil, A. L. (2022) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/30272 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Comparative Effectiveness of Three Digital Interventions for Adults Seeking Psychiatric Services
Horwitz, A. G., Mills, E. D., Sen, S., & Bohnert, A. S. B. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.22115 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Daily mindfulness training reduces negative impact of COVID-19 news exposure on affective well-being
Kam, J. W. Y., Javed, J., Hart, C. M., Andrews‐Hanna, J. R., Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M., & Mills, C. (2021) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-021-01550-1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Webb, C. A., Hirshberg, M. J., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/41566 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Zainal, N. H., & Newman, M. G. (2023) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Paganini, S., Meier, E. P., Terhorst, Y., Wurst, R., Hohberg, V., Schultchen, D., Strahler, J., Wursthorn, M., Baumeister, H., & Meßner, E.-M. (2023) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/42415 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Smartphone psychology: New approaches towards safe and efficacious mobile mental health apps.
Marshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. (2020) · Professional Psychology: Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/pro0000278 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Viczko, J., Tarrant, J., & Jackson, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Virtual Reality · doi:10.3389/frvir.2021.618381 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Laird, B., Puzia, M., Larkey, L., Ehlers, D. K., & Huberty, J. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/30294 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Can a meditation app help my sleep? A cross-sectional survey of Calm users
Huberty, J., Puzia, M., Larkey, L., Vranceanu, A., & Irwin, M. R. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257518 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The Impact of a Mindfulness App on Postnatal Distress
Bear, K. A., Barber, C. C., & Medvedev, O. N. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01992-7 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Jannesari, S., Lotito, C., Turrini, G., Oram, S., & Barbui, C. (2021) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-021-00501-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Tlachac, M., Flores, R., Reisch, M., Houskeeper, K., & Rundensteiner, E. A. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3534596 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Meditation and mental health apps: relaxation, yoga, and meditation apps
Gál, É. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99271-8.00013-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Mindfulness and More: Toward a Science of Human Flourishing
Davidson, R. J. (2021) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000960 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Reangsing, C., Trakooltorwong, P., Maneekunwong, K., Thepsaw, J., & Oerther, S. E. (2023) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-023-04102-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Bajestani, G. S., Ghanizadeh, A., Makhloughi, F., Kharrazi, F. H., Hosseini, A., & Toosi, M. B. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02317-6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“For instance, in a recent study, Flett et al., (2019) examined the efficiency of three smartphone-based mindfulness meditation applications (apps), namely, Headspace, Smiling Mind, and Evernote, in improving university students’ psychological health.”
Kirk, U., Staiano, W., Hu, E., Ngnoumen, C., Kunkle, S., Shih, E., Clausel, A., Purvis, C., & Lee, L. (2023) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/47371 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Callahan, C. E., Kimber, J. M., Hu, E., Tanner, L., & Kunkle, S. (2023) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/52968 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
WavFace: A Multimodal Transformer-Based Model for Depression Screening
Flores, R., Tlachac, M., Shrestha, A., & Rundensteiner, E. A. (2025) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3529348 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Moltrecht, B., Patalay, P., Bear, H. A., Deighton, J., & Edbrooke-Childs, J. H. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/28300 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
MindTouch: Effect of Mindfulness Meditation on Mid-Air Tactile Perception
Vasudevan, M. K., Zhong, S., Kučera, J., Cho, D., & Obrist, M. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581238 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Many systems have been designed to facilitate mindfulness meditation at a time and place convenient to users, including mobile applications [12, 17, 72], virtual reality systems [21, 32, 60, 65], Internet of Things solutions [56], or tangibles [71, 74].”
Marshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. (2020) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/17159 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Moore, C., Kelly, S. A., & Melnyk, B. M. (2024) · Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing · doi:10.1111/wvn.12716 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Strauss, C., Dunkeld, C., & Cavanagh, K. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100413 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
A Mixed-Method Assessment of a 10-Day Mobile Mindfulness Intervention
Haliwa, I., Ford, C. G., Wilson, J. M., & Shook, N. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722995 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Marshall, J. M., Dunstan, D. A., & Bartik, W. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.775775 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Magwood, O., Saad, A., Ranger, D., Volpini, K., Rukikamirera, F., Haridas, R., Sayfi, S., Alexander, J., Tan, Y., & Pottie, K. (2024) · Campbell Systematic Reviews: Better Evidence for a Better World · doi:10.1002/cl2.1398 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Can Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Improve Mental Health?
Gallegos, C., Kausler, R., Alderden, J., Davis, M., & Wang, L. (2024) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/cin.0000000000001155 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Simmonds‐Buckley, M., Bennion, M. R., Kellett, S., Millings, A., Hardy, G. E., & Moore, R. K. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/17049 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Kirykowicz, K., Jaworski, B. K., Owen, J. E., Kirschbaum, C., Seedat, S., & van den Heuvel, L. L. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115493 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Conley, C. S., Gonzales, C. H., Huguenel, B., Rauch, A. A., Kahrilas, I. J., Duffecy, J., & Silton, R. L. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02398-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Flett, J. A. M., Hayne, H., Riordan, B. C., Thompson, L. M., & Conner, T. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Flett, Jayde A. M.
- Venue
- Mindfulness
- Published
- 2018-10-31
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 863-876
- ISSN
- 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-8535
- OpenAlex
- W2899481738
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 26.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Mindfulness (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of the Vice-Chancellor, University of Otago
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- mindfulness apps, headspace, university students, depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, college adjustment, eudaimonia, resilience, app usage, positive mental health, negative mental health
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
