The DOI matches its Crossref record; 99 of the 112 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 2 of the 42 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression-The patients' perspective explored
Open accessAbstract
Patients' illness representations and beliefs about treatment for depression and anxiety, as well as their perceived needs, are important for treatment. A systematic review was conducted of 71 studies describing the beliefs or perceived needs of patients and non-patients. Patients give multi-dimensional explanations for depression and see both psychological and medication treatment as helpful. People who suffer from depression have more positive beliefs about biological etiology and medication treatment than healthy people, or those with less severe depressive symptoms. Anxiety patients view psychological interventions as their best treatment option. Between 49% and 84% of the patients with depression or anxiety perceive a need for treatment, mostly for counseling and medication. All patients prefer psychological treatment forms to medication. A majority of patients view antidepressants as addictive and many perceive stigma and see practical and economic barriers to care. The most vulnerable groups in terms of seeking and receiving mental health care for depression and anxiety seem to be minority groups, as well as younger and older patients. More research is required into the specific needs of anxiety and depression patients. Open communication between patient and provider could lead to valuable improvements in treatment. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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2 of 42 cited sources checked · 1 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A majority of patients view antidepressants as addictive and many perceive stigma and see practical and economic barriers to care.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Between 49% and 84% of the patients with depression or anxiety perceive a need for treatment, mostly for counseling and medication.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Anxiety patients view psychological interventions as their best treatment option.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Patients who had been depressed were found to attach significantly greater importance to medical/biological causes than patients who had not been depressed”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.4. Causes
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In eight studies that surveyed the beliefs of depressed patients about the causes of depression, most authors concluded that the majority of patients see a non-biological, psychological or environmental cause for their depression”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.4. Causes
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Patients give multi-dimensional explanations for depression and see both psychological and medication treatment as helpful.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Patients give multi-dimensional explanations for depression and see both psychological and medication treatment as helpful.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“people in the general public mainly saw stressful life events”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.4. Causes
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“People who suffer from depression have more positive beliefs about biological etiology and medication treatment than healthy people, or those with less severe depressive symptoms.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“and interpersonal difficulties”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.4. Causes
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes
- It may state two separate claims as one. 63
- Probably not a substantial claim. 37
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Although many people are in need of (psychiatric) treatment, few actually receive that treatment, especially where anxiety and depressive disorders are concerned”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Bebbington, Marsden, & Brewin, 1997 source
The Discussion reports that nearly 4% of the Camberwell population received psychiatric treatment in a year while a further 7% had unmet treatment needs. It also reports that only 28% of meetable needs for depression and 13% for anxiety were met, while cautioning that these disorder-specific figures are not robust because of small numbers. (LLM, conf=0.94)
- Partly supportedcites Bebbington et al., 2000 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Discussion (p. 7) reports that only a small proportion of people with neurotic disorders consult a family doctor and concludes that many psychiatric disorders remain untreated. This supports the broad point, including its relevance to anxiety and depressive disorders. But the authors explicitly say they measured contact with a clinician—the first step toward treatment—not how many people actually received treatment. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Three other studies, however, found that depressed people regard their depression as a stable characteristic and see physical and biological reasons for depression”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.4. Causes
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All patients prefer psychological treatment forms to medication.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In a group of primary care patients who had had a recent panic attack, 64% were willing to take medication for panic disorder, but 88% of this group was also willing to consider psychological treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Recently depressed African-American patients perceived more stigma than Caucasian patients”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.6. Consequences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Factors associated with preferring counseling to medication were female gender, greater knowledge of counseling or prior treatment experience with this, paid sick leave, and no recent antidepressant treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“African Americans were less willing to use antidepressants and have more negative ideas about efficacy and side-effects when compared with Caucasians”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.10. Beliefs about antidepressant drugs
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“If this were to fail, psychotropic drugs (36.8%) and relaxation (18.3%) were suggested.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being (NSMHWB) found that, of all people with a mental health problem, 56.1% had a perceived need for treatment, 28.9% had unmet needs for information, 46.2% for counseling, 13% for social interventions and 7.6% for skills training”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.8. Perceived need
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“They preferred to seek help from psychotherapists (22.4%), psychiatrists (21.2%) and family physicians (20.1%)”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Learning new coping mechanisms or learning how to change thinking patterns, and dealing with stress or difficult relationships were also viewed as helpful in treating depression”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.9. Perceived helpfulness of depression treatment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Individuals who found counseling acceptable were younger, more likely to be separated, divorced or widowed, and were more likely to have had previous treatment”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.9. Perceived helpfulness of depression treatment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“High GHQ score, a positive attitude toward professional help and Malay ethnicity were the most significant predictors of use of mental health services.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and 89.6% of those who actually preferred to seek help did not in fact do so.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Willingness to consider medication treatment was associated with higher age and lower education level”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Many studies found that depressed patients have concerns about their antidepressant medication, or believe that the body can become addicted”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.10. Beliefs about antidepressant drugs
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“One last important finding was that depressed patients all seem to value good interpersonal skills in their caregivers and see the patient-provider relationship as a core aspect of good depression care”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.9. Perceived helpfulness of depression treatment
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Treatment preferences seem to vary among depressed patients (Thatcher et al., 2005) and three classes can be identified that differ in their sensitivity to treatment costs and effects.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Brown et al. (2005) found that patients commonly believe their current or future health depends on antidepressant medication, but they also think that doctors prescribe too many medicines.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.10. Beliefs about antidepressant drugs
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In a mainly male sample (Lin et al., 2005), 15% preferred medication, 24% psychotherapy and 61% preferred both.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“One study found that depressed and non-depressed patients saw family and friends as more helpful than psychiatrists or psychologists, although this perception was stronger in the depressed patients.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.9. Perceived helpfulness of depression treatment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Group membership seemed to be a function of age and gender; younger or male patients were more likely to be sensitive to treatment costs and side effects.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Primary care patients mainly believed that they should see some benefits from depression treatment within 1 month (51%), 24% thought they should see them within 1 week, 19% within 6 months and 6% within 1 year”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.5. Time-line
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Older age and being currently married were associated with increased rates of specialized mental health care use and use of psychotropic medication”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.8. Perceived need
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Caucasian patients had more favorable views of both psychotropic medication (Bystritsky, 2005;Wagner et al., 2005) and psychotherapy than non-Caucasian patients did”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.11. Perceived helpfulness of anxiety treatment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Among patients who only see their family practitioner, only 16% had unmet needs for medication, while 50% had unmet needs for counseling.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.8. Perceived need
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“One class cared primarily about treatment effectiveness, while side effects and the cost of treatment had little impact on this class's treatment decisions.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.12. Treatment preferences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“other studies found that younger depressed patients reported higher levels of perceived stigma than older patients”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.6. Consequences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“women reported higher stigma tolerance than men in one study in a healthy group”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.6. Consequences
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This applies for general practice patients but even stronger for chronically ill patients.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear? Based: unclearIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Underutilization of services and poor quality of mental health care is due to less-than-favorable illness and treatment beliefs among depressed and anxiety patients from minority groups (Schraufnagel, Wagner, Miranda, & Roy-Byrne, 2006).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Schraufnagel, Wagner, Miranda, & Roy-Byrne, 2006 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“These patients would like more proactive information and 'permission' to disclose mental health problems”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Kadam, Croft, McLeod, & Hutchinson, 2001
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Both patients and family practitioners think depression is an understandable product of all of these and family practitioners are reluctant to actively treat these patients as a result (Burroughs, Lovell, Morley, Baldwin, Burns, & Chew-Graham, 2006).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Burroughs, Lovell, Morley, Baldwin, Burns, & Chew-Graham, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Depressed patients believe more in a biological etiology and have more trust in medication than non-depressed patients.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.2. Differences between patients and non-patients
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“People from minority groups are often found in economically disadvantaged groups as well.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“The prime rule is to 'wait-and-see' and decision-making is shaped by organizational constraints (lack of time and access to psychological services), the family practitioner's professional responsibility, his or her opinions, and patient attitudes (Hyde, Calnan, Prior, Lewis, Kessler, & Sharp, 2005).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Hyde, Calnan, Prior, Lewis, Kessler, & Sharp, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“It appeared to improve adherence to (medication) treatment, increased patient satisfaction with depression care, and improve depression outcome compared with usual care by general practitioners alone (Katon et al., 1997).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Katon et al., 1997
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“A qualitative study by Haslam, Brown, Atkinson, and Haslam (2004) states that many sufferers from anxiety and depression experienced side effects from medication and felt poorly informed about these.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Haslam, Brown, Atkinson, and Haslam (2004)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Apart from the differences, however, there are similarities between patients and non-patients, in that both see antidepressants as being addictive in some way and prefer psychological treatment for their complaints.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.2. Differences between patients and non-patients
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“They seek help more easily and experience a need for treatment about two times more often than men.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear? Based: unclearIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The finding that general practice patients have more unmet needs for counseling than for medication, while patients who use other services had their counseling needs more often met”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Family practitioners do not lightly decide to prescribe antidepressants and apply decision rules based on clinical and social criteria.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Hyde, Calnan, Prior, Lewis, Kessler, & Sharp, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Depression was found to be associated with increasingly frequent perception of barriers to psychotherapy, and 74% of depressed patients reported one or more barriers versus 51% of non-depressed patients”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.13. Barriers to treatment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Women seem to attach greater importance to biological causes of depression than men do and believe less in the addictiveness of antidepressants.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The finding that depressed patients mostly have negative expectations of recovery from depression and see a more chronic time-line, while healthy people see more positive prospects, is obvious.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.2. Differences between patients and non-patients
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The most vulnerable groups found in this review are younger, older and minority-group patients, on the respective bases of a low perceived need, failure to recognize a mental disorder in themselves, and negative beliefs about treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Many patients with an anxiety or depressive disorder view their family practitioner as a focal point for help, but find it difficult to disclose their distress (Kadam, Croft, McLeod, & Hutchinson, 2001).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Kadam, Croft, McLeod, & Hutchinson, 2001
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A review of recent literature (Scheppers, van Dongen, Dekker, Geertzen, & Dekker, 2006) also identified a great number of potential barriers to the use of general health services by ethnic minorities, and demographic variables, health beliefs and attitudinal factors were found to be important barriers to seeking care.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.3. What role socio-demographic factors play?
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Scheppers, van Dongen, Dekker, Geertzen, & Dekker, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“People in the general population also 'preferred to manage by themselves,' while other barriers were 'did not get around to it' and 'did not know how to get help'”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.13. Barriers to treatment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The reviewers had doubts or disagreed in 7 cases and these problems were resolved by discussion.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.3. Study selection
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 7Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The most vulnerable groups in terms of seeking and receiving mental health care for depression and anxiety seem to be minority groups, as well as younger and older patients.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes? Based: unclearIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results were obtained by means of vote-counting and conclusions were formulated.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.6. Data analysis and synthesis
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This means that patients with depression and anxiety may have very different views from health practitioners about what interventions are helpful for them, what influences their help-seeking behavior and adherence to treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 1. Introduction
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“They provide evidence that illness beliefs are structured around five themes or components, viz.identity, time-line, cause, consequences, and cure/control.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Leventhal, Nerenz and Steele (1984)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The second step was performed by the same two reviewers, who independently applied the selection criteria stated above to the full text of the reports.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.3. Study selection
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the two reviewers using a standardized critical appraisal instrument from the System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information (SUMARI) package”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.4. Assessment of methodological quality
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Three studies excluded were rated as 'unsupported' and not one study reached the level of 'unequivocal'”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.1. Selection of studies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Any disagreements that arose between the reviewers were resolved through discussion.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.4. Assessment of methodological quality
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“The JBI levels of evidence were used to stratify the methodological quality of the studies included on three levels and the degrees of credibility were divided into unequivocal, credible and unsupported”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.4. Assessment of methodological quality
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Joanna Briggs Institute, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study selection was performed in two stages.The first selection, based on titles and abstracts, was independently performed by two reviewers (MP and PV) who applied the inclusion criteria.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.3. Study selection
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion of a study commenced when both reviewers agreed that a study was eligible.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.3. Study selection
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because only studies which were rated as 'credible' (evidence that is, although an interpretation, plausible in light of the data and theoretical framework.The interpretation can be logically inferred from the data, because the findings are essentially interpretive, they can be challenged), were included, no differentiation was made regarding the weight of the findings.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 2.6. Data analysis and synthesis
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A large number of patients in need of psychological help does not ask for this help, partly because they can cope with their problems, partly because they do not consider themselves as having psychological problems and-most importantly-partly because they do not see a reasonable chance of solving their problems”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Verhaak, 1995
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Seventy-one articles fulfilled all selection criteria, were rated as being of 'credible' quality, and were included in our review study as a consequence.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 3.1. Selection of studies
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nevertheless, our conclusions are supported by general findings from multiple studies.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.4. Considerations and limitations of present research
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Medication treatment is recommended in cases of moderate to severe depression if complaints exist for at least 3 months without improvement, if other forms of help (psycho-education, bibliotherapy, problem-solving therapy, or wait-andsee) do not result in better outcomes, or if the patient prefers this kind of treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites NHG, 2003
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites NHG, 2004
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Trimbos instituut, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“This stepped care model seems to fit better to patients' needs, as this model provides more alternatives for medication.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Family practitioners need to have readily accessible alternatives for antidepressants, since this medication would otherwise be their only treatment option.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The strong recommendation for (a combination with) psychological interventions in all steps seems to fit our finding of patients' preferences for treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Illness representations and (health) beliefs are very important in health behavior, the utilization of health services, and outcomes.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.5. Future research directions
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The pre-condition for success in this situation is good communication between patient and provider.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.5. Future research directions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) on the other hand is less clear in its etiology and solution, so medication may then seem more appropriate.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Studies from the USA dominate this review on the whole and conclusions cannot be generalized to all countries as a consequence.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.4. Considerations and limitations of present research
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An anxiety disorder often has a clearer behavioral cause or solution than depression.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“might be explained by the fact that family practitioners may have different conceptions of their task than specialized mental health providers and may therefore behave in a more biomedical way (Ring, Dowrick, Humphris, Davies, & Salmon, 2005).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Ring, Dowrick, Humphris, Davies, & Salmon, 2005 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These illness beliefs often do not reflect reality and may interfere with treatment.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is possible that results are somewhat distorted by third factors, such as co-morbidity or health status.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.4. Considerations and limitations of present research
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Beliefs about causes, time-line, consequences, perceived helpfulness of different treatment options, stigma and other barriers to care have a significant influence on the utilization of health care services.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.5. Future research directions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Both depressed patients and anxiety patients perceive psychological treatment as their best treatment option.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“which means there is much to be gained in the general practice setting”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“The recommended treatment for anxiety disorders is psychological or behavioral in the first place, and only supported by medication if the patient suffers from a severe co-morbid depression, or agoraphobia, and again if the patient prefers this form of treatment (Trimbos instituut, 2003).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Trimbos instituut, 2003
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“The NICE guidelines for anxiety (panic, with or without agoraphobia, and GAD) (CG22 Anxiety: Quick reference guide amended, 2007) recommend that patients should be offered any of 1) Psychological therapy, such as CBT, 2) Medication, such as an SSRI, or 3) Self-help, such as bibliotherapy based on CBT principles.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites CG22 Anxiety: Quick reference guide amended, 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Key points in the guidelines for depression are the explicit recommendation to consider patient preference when deciding on treatment and the emphasis on shared decision making.”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“The recommendations in these guidelines are presented within a stepped care framework that aims to match the needs of people to the most appropriative services, depending on the characteristics of their illness and their personal and social circumstances (CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007).”
§ Health beliefs and perceived need for mental health care of anxiety and depression -The patients' perspective explored > 4.1. Discussion of results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites CG23 Depression: Quick reference guide (amended), 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
The paper relies on this without support.
Patients' illness representations and beliefs about treatment for depression and anxiety, as well as their perceived needs, are important for treatment.
“Patients' illness representations and beliefs about treatment for depression and anxiety, as well as their perceived needs, are important for treatment.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Different illness representations lead to different ways of coping with symptoms, such as neglect, denial or active help-seeking.
“Different illness representations will lead to different ways of coping with symptoms, such as neglect, denial or active help-seeking.”
The paper relies on this without support.
People will seek help in medical, traditional or alternative directions or will seek no help at all, depending on their beliefs.
“People will seek help in medical, traditional or alternative directions or will seek no help at all, depending on their beliefs.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Universal treatment-preference claim conflicts with medication preference
MinorThe abstract says all patients prefer psychological treatment to medication, but a reported sample includes patients who preferred medication and others who preferred both options.
“All patients prefer psychological treatment forms to medication.”
“In a mainly male sample (Lin et al., 2005), 15% preferred medication, 24% psychotherapy and 61% preferred both.”
Five studies are named as four
MinorThe treatment-preferences section says there were four studies of depressed patients but immediately names five distinct studies.
“viz.four studies of depressed patients”
“(Dwight-Johnson, Sherbourne, Liao, & Wells, 2000;Dwight-Johnson, Unutzer, Sherbourne, Tang, & Wells, 2001;Gum et al., 2006;Lin et al., 2005;Thacher, Morey, & Craighead, 2005)”
Reported participant range omits a larger included study
MinorThe stated maximum is 10,962 participants, yet the appendix lists an included study with 36,816 participants.
“The number of participants differed greatly and ranged from 16 to 10.962, on account of different research methods.”
“Sareen et al., 2005b Canada ≥15 36816 Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey.”
Citations
Cites
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Mental health literacy: Public knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders
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“Link et al., 1999 U SA ≥18 1444 General Social Survey.”
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Sirey, J. A., BRUCE, M. L., Alexopoulos, G. S., PERLICK, D. A., Raue, P. J., Friedman, S. J., & Meyers, B. S. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.479 · Cited by 779
Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: A review
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Perceived Need and Help-Seeking in Adults With Mood, Anxiety, or Substance Use Disorders
Mojtabai, R., Olfson, M., & Mechanic, D. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.1.77 · Cited by 710 · cited 5×
“Practical barriers, such as high costs and lack of time, were perceived as the most important barriers to seeking professional care by patients with a depressive or anxiety disorder, while emotional barriers, like fear of embarrassment, rejection or stigma were perceived as less important (Alvidrez & Azocar, 1999; Cra…”
BackgroundInfluentialPerceptions of Health and Illness: Current Research and Applications
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Cooper, L. A., Gonzales, J. J., Gallo, J. J., Rost, K. M., Meredith, L. S., Rubenstein, L. V., Wang, N.-Y., & Ford, D. E. (2003) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000053228.58042.e4 · Cited by 651
Treatment preferences among depressed primary care patients
Dwight-Johnson, M., Sherbourne, C. D., Liao, D., & Wells, K. B. (2000) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.08035.x · Cited by 478
Heneghan, C., & Badenoch, D. (2006) · doi:10.1002/9780470750605.ch15 · Cited by 474
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“Questionnaire study measuring perceived need and barriers to care. van Schaik et al., 2004 T N he etherlands n/a n/a 6 studies (9 articles) were about treatment preferences. n/a n/a Systematic review of treatment preferences for depressive disorder in primary care.”
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“Goldney et al., 2002 A ustralia ≥15 2769 205 Respondents without and respondents with major depression.”
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“Biased judgment due to the illnesses themselves might also be involved along with stigma and inaccurate beliefs (Mechanic, 2002; Prins et al. 2008; Schomerus & Angermeyer, 2008).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Prins, M. A., Verhaak, P. F. M., Bensing, J. M., & van der Meer, K.
- Affiliations
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Prins, Marijn A.
- ORCID
- Verhaak, Peter F.M.
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1038-1058
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2170670690
- Semantic Scholar
- fbe553f518540db8c3e8a83b99b2a55eb075f5d7
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Disorders
- Keywords
- health beliefs, perceived need for mental health care, depression, anxiety, illness representations, treatment preferences, psychological intervention, antidepressants, stigma, barriers to care, patient-provider communication, minority groups, help-seeking
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Attitude to Health, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Mental Health Services, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Professional-Patient Relations
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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