Cited by 338Epigenetics and DNA MethylationPluripotent Stem Cells ResearchDevelopmental Biology and Gene Regulation

Loss of Tet Enzymes Compromises Proper Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells

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Dawlaty, Meelad M., Breiling, Achim, Le, Thuc, Barrasa, M. Inmaculada, Raddatz, Günter, Gao, Qing, Powell, Benjamin E., Cheng, Albert W. +3 more·2014·Developmental Cell

Abstract

Tet enzymes (Tet1/2/3) convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and are dynamically expressed during development. Whereas loss of individual Tet enzymes or combined deficiency of Tet1/2 allows for embryogenesis, the effect of complete loss of Tet activity and 5hmC marks in development is not established. We have generated Tet1/2/3 triple-knockout (TKO) mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and examined their developmental potential. Combined deficiency of all three Tets depleted 5hmC and impaired ESC differentiation, as seen in poorly differentiated TKO embryoid bodies (EBs) and teratomas. Consistent with impaired differentiation, TKO ESCs contributed poorly to chimeric embryos, a defect rescued by Tet1 reexpression, and could not support embryonic development. Global gene-expression and methylome analyses of TKO EBs revealed promoter hypermethylation and deregulation of genes implicated in embryonic development and differentiation. These findings suggest a requirement for Tet- and 5hmC-mediated DNA demethylation in proper regulation of gene expression during ESC differentiation and development.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.devcel.2014.03.003

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  • 5hmC plays an important role during mammalian development and cellular differentiation; Tet1/2/3 deficiency in ES cells reduces differentiation capabilities and limits developmental potential during embryogenesis.

    “5hmC plays an important role during mammalian development and cellular differentiation: Tet½/3 deficiency in ES cells (triple knockout cells) reduces their differentiation capabilities and also limits their developmental potential during embryogenesis (19).”

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Authors
Dawlaty, M. M., Breiling, A., Le, T., Barrasa, M. I., Raddatz, G., Gao, Q., Powell, B. E., Cheng, A. W., Faull, K. F., Lyko, F., & Jaenisch, R.
Affiliations
  • Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (US)
  • German Cancer Research Center (DE)
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author
Jaenisch, Rudolf
Venue
Developmental Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-04
Volume
29
Issue
1
Pages
102-111
ISSN
1534-5807 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2040795628
Cited by
338
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 11
FWCI
15.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Developmental Cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5-R37-CA084198, 5-R01-HDO45022)
  • University of California, Los Angeles
  • Boehringer Ingelheim France
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SPP 1463)
  • Simons Foundation
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Keywords
TET enzymes, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, DNA demethylation, embryonic stem cell differentiation, embryoid bodies, teratoma, chimeric embryos, promoter hypermethylation, methylome, gene expression regulation, embryonic development
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Differentiation, DNA-Binding Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, DNA Methylation, Dioxygenases, Mice, Embryoid Bodies

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