Sex differences in guanfacine effects on stress-induced stroop performance in cocaine dependence
Open accessAbstract
Aims Chronic drug abuse leads to sex-specific changes in drug cue and stress physiologic and neuroendocrine reactivity as well as in neural responses to stress and cue-related challenges and in executive function such as inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and self control. Importantly, these functions have been associated with high risk of relapse and treatment. Alpha-2 agonism may enhance inhibitory cognitive processes in the face of stress with sex-specific effects, however this has not been previously assessed in cocaine dependence. Method Forty inpatient treatment-seeking cocaine dependent individuals (13F/27M) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or up to 3mgs of Guanfacine. Three laboratory sessions were conducted following 3-4 weeks of abstinence, where patients were exposed to three 10-min personalized guided imagery conditions (stress, drug cue, combined stress/cue), one per day, on consecutive days in a random, counterbalanced order. The Stroop task was administered at baseline and immediately following imagery exposure. Results Guanfacine treated women improved their performance on the Stroop task following exposure to all 3 imagery conditions compared with placebo women (p=0.02). This improvement in cognitive inhibitory performance was not observed in the men. Conclusions Enhancing the ability to cognitively regulate in the face of stress, drug cues and combined stress and drug cue reactivity may be key targets for medications development in cocaine dependent women.
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Guanfacine was particularly helpful in women with substance abuse.
“Guanfacine was particularly helpful in women (Milivojevic, Fox, Jayaram-Lindstrom, Hermes, & Sinha, 2017)”
From Guanfacine’s mechanism of action in treating prefrontal cortical disorders: Successful translation across species (2020) · cites this paper as Milivojevic, Fox, Jayaram-Lindstrom, Hermes, & Sinha, 2017
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- Authors
- Milivojevic, V., Fox, H. C., Jayaram-Lindstrom, N., Hermes, G., & Sinha, R.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Milivojevic, Verica
- Venue
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 179
- Pages
- 275-279
- ISSN
- 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5599361
- OpenAlex
- W2744538322
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001863)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K02AA023566, R01AA013892, L30 AA022513)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50DA016556, PL1DA024859, R01DA027130, K01DA029040, T32DA007238)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- guanfacine, cocaine dependence, sex differences, stress, drug cues, Stroop task, inhibitory control, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, guided imagery, cognitive flexibility, relapse prevention, women
- MeSH terms
- Cocaine, Cues, Female, Humans, Male, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological, Guanfacine, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Stroop Test
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