Serum lipid peroxidation potential as a biomarker for risk-stratification of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Abstract
Aim We examined the serum lipid peroxidation potential as an estimate of systemic oxidative stress levels in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk stratification. Methods We prospectively recruited patients and categorized them into four subgroups based on diabetes and severity of CAD [Gensini score 20, significant CAD]: non-diabetics with non-significant CAD, diabetics with non-significant CAD, non-diabetics with significant CAD and diabetics with significant CAD. Lipid profile, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and oxidized LDL were assessed. A newly developed assay estimated serum lipid peroxidation potential. Results Circulatory oxidized LDL levels were significantly higher in patients with severe CAD compared to non-diabetics with non-significant CAD, however no significant differences were observed across the four subgroups. Diabetics with non-significant CAD demonstrated significantly elevated serum lipid peroxidation potential compared to non-diabetics with non-significant CAD. Intriguingly, serum lipid peroxidation potential was markedly elevated in diabetics with non-significant CAD compared to both diabetics and non-diabetics with significant CAD. Poor glycemic control and reduced blood total antioxidant capacity were the primary factors contributing to increased serum lipid peroxidation potential in diabetics with non-significant CAD group. Conclusions We found that people with T2D who are associated with non-significant CAD are more…
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Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are biologically linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury in diabetes.
“Among candidate pathways, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation deserve attention because they are biologically linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury in diabetes; however, this does not yet justify routine inclusion of such biomarkers in all machine learning models (18–21).”
From AI-driven cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with diabetes: bridging algorithmic innovation to equitable clinical application (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
Oxidized lipid products and related oxidative stress markers may reflect vascular injury, inflammatory activity, and cardiometabolic dysfunction.
“Studies have shown that oxidized lipid products and related oxidative stress markers may reflect vascular injury, inflammatory activity, and cardiometabolic dysfunction (18–22).”
From AI-driven cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with diabetes: bridging algorithmic innovation to equitable clinical application (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
Lipid peroxidation markers may serve as mechanistically plausible candidate predictors for cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
“This supports the idea that lipid peroxidation markers may serve as mechanistically plausible candidate predictors; however, the present evidence base remains heterogeneous in marker selection, assay platform, and standardization, and direct comparative evidence against standard clinic-based models is still limited (20–22).”
From AI-driven cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with diabetes: bridging algorithmic innovation to equitable clinical application (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
Oxidative stress plays a central role in the shared pathophysiology of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, with lipid peroxidation representing one of its major downstream consequences.
“Oxidative stress plays a central role in the shared pathophysiology of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, with lipid peroxidation representing one of its major downstream consequences.”
From AI-driven cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with diabetes: bridging algorithmic innovation to equitable clinical application (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
The present evidence base for lipid peroxidation markers remains heterogeneous in marker selection, assay platform, and standardization, and direct comparative evidence against standard clinic-based models is still limited.
“This supports the idea that lipid peroxidation markers may serve as mechanistically plausible candidate predictors; however, the present evidence base remains heterogeneous in marker selection, assay platform, and standardization, and direct comparative evidence against standard clinic-based models is still limited (20–22).”
From AI-driven cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with diabetes: bridging algorithmic innovation to equitable clinical application (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
Integrating mechanistic biomarkers such as those related to lipid peroxidation holds potential to improve biological relevance and possibly predictive performance.
“Moreover, integrating mechanistic biomarkers—such as those related to lipid peroxidation—holds potential to improve biological relevance and possibly predictive performance (18–22).”
From AI-driven cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with diabetes: bridging algorithmic innovation to equitable clinical application (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
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“…lipid peroxidation markers may serve as mechanistically plausible candidate predictors; however, the present evidence base remains heterogeneous in marker selection, assay platform, and standardization, and direct comparative evidence against standard clinic-based models is still limited (20–22).”
Highlights of the Current Issue
Wang, N., & Misra, A. (2024) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103158
- Authors
- Sugur, K., Kempegowda, S. N., Shambu, S. K., Mahadevappa, M., Kengegowda, V. K., Gowda, J., & Thimmulappa, R. K.
- Affiliations
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Thimmulappa, Rajesh K.
- Venue
- Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-10
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 103143
- ISSN
- 1871-4021 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4403897044
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DBT-BUILDER/303/2019-20, DBT-BIOCARE BT/PR18776/BIC/101/245/2016)
- Indian Council of Medical Research (5/3/8/23/ITR-F/2019-ITR)
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (PURSE/SR/2021)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, risk stratification, oxidative stress, oxidized LDL, total antioxidant capacity, glycemic control, biomarkers, Gensini score
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Lipid Peroxidation, Biomarkers, Case-Control Studies, Oxidative Stress, Risk Assessment
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