Nudging in education
Open accessAbstract
Can we nudge children, adolescents and their parents to make better decisions on education? And can we nudge teachers to support and encourage better decision making? Education decisions are taken at young ages and involve immediate costs and potential, future benefits. In such settings behavioural barriers (e.g. lack of self-control, limited attention and social norms) likely influence choices and this may motivate the use of low cost ‘nudges’ to gently push behaviour in the desired direction. Our review of nudging interventions shows that while nudging often has positive effects, the greatest effects often arise for individuals affected most by the behavioural barrier targeted by the intervention. Hence understanding underlying behavioural mechanisms is crucial. Negative effects may arise in situations where nudges potentially crowd-out intrinsic motivation, if nudges pressurise individuals, or in situations where the choice architect has an insufficient understanding of behavioural mechanisms.
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Nudging students with push notifications in online education has a positive effect on course completion, time management, self-regulation, and participation.
“Research has demonstrated that nudging students with push notifications in online education has a positive effect on course completion, time management, selfregulation, and participation (Damgaard & Nielsen, 2018).”
From You have a notification: the role of push notifications in shaping students’ engagement, self-regulation and academic procrastination (2025) · cites this paper as Damgaard & Nielsen, 2018
Section 3.6.1 (page unavailable) reports a short-term increase in online-forum contributions after MOOC reminders, supporting only a limited participation effect. It also reports no effects from reminders to study, while the course-completion gains in sections 3.5 and 3.9 involved different interventions. The copy does not establish that push notifications improve course completion, time management, and self-regulation together. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Impact of AI assistance on student agency
Darvishi, A., Khosravi, H., Sadiq, S., Gašević, D., & Siemens, G. (2024) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104967 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
“For instance, nudging systems can remind students of upcoming deadlines (Damgaard & Nielsen, 2018) and AI-powered tools can provide automated personalised feedback on student work or suggest improvements in their writing (Wambsganss, Janson, & Leimeister, 2022).”
BackgroundLim, L.-A., Gasevic, D., Matcha, W., Ahmad Uzir, N., & Dawson, S. (2021) · LAK21: 11th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference · doi:10.1145/3448139.3448174 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Brown, A., Basson, M., Axelsen, M., Redmond, P., & Lawrence, J. (2023) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci13020145 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Mumcu, B. B., & Çebi, A. (2025) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-025-00537-x · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Research has demonstrated that nudging students with push notifications in online education has a positive effect on course completion, time management, self-regulation, and participation (Damgaard & Nielsen, 2018).”
- Authors
- Damgaard, M. T., & Nielsen, H. S.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Nielsen, Helena Skyt
- Venue
- Economics of Education Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 64
- Pages
- 313-342
- ISSN
- 0272-7757 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2770744146
- Cited by
- 321
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 18.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Economics of Education Review (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Keywords
- nudging, behavioral interventions, educational decision-making, children and adolescents, parents, teachers, self-control, attention, social norms, intrinsic motivation, crowding out, behavioral barriers, nudging effectiveness
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