CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 57Cellular Mechanics and InteractionsProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase SignalingImmunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders

WASP family proteins: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human disease

Open access
Kramer, Daniel A., Piper, Hannah K., Chen, Baoyu·2022·European Journal of Cell Biology
DOI 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151244PMC PMC9357188
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Proteins of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family play a central role in regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics in a wide range of cellular processes. Genetic mutations or misregulation of these proteins are tightly associated with many diseases. The WASP-family proteins act by transmitting various upstream signals to their conserved WH2-Central-Acidic (WCA) peptide sequence at the C-terminus, which in turn binds to the Arp2/3 complex to stimulate the formation of branched actin networks at membranes. Despite this common feature, the regulatory mechanisms and cellular functions of distinct WASP-family proteins are very different. Here, we summarize and clarify our current understanding of WASP-family proteins and how disruption of their functions is related to human disease.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151244

Cites

14 of 14 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • WAVE members are key activators of ARP2/3 complex-mediated actin polymerization.

    “Wiskott‒Aldrich syndrome protein-family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE) members are key activators of ARP2/3 complex-mediated actin polymerization.”

    From The WAVE complex in developmental and adulthood brain disorders (2025) · cites this paper as [8]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Part of this paper’s reference list could not be split into single entries.

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 463

  1. Abdul-Manan N, Aghazadeh B, Liu GA, Majumdar A, Ouerfelli O, Simlnovitch KA, Rosen MK, 1999. Structure of Cdc42 in complex with the GTPase-binding domain of the “Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome” protein. Nature 399, 379– 383. 10.1038/20726 10360578 · DOI
  2. Alekhina O, Burstein E, Billadeau DD, 2017. Cellular functions of WASP family proteins at a glance. J. Cell Sci 130, 2235– 2241. 10.1242/jcs.199570 28646090 PMC5536917 · DOI
  3. Ali MF, Fatema U, Peng X, Hacker SW, Maruyama D, Sun MX, Kawashima T, 2020. ARP2/3-independent WAVE/SCAR pathway and class XI myosin control sperm nuclear migration in flowering plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 117, 32757– 32763. 10.1073/pnas.2015550117 33288691 PMC7768783 · DOI
  4. Alkhairy OK, Rezaei N, Graham RR, Abolhassani H, Borte S, Hultenby K, Wu C, Aghamohammadi A, Williams DA, Behrens TW, Hammarström L, Pan-Hammarström Q, 2015. RAC2 loss-of-function mutation in 2 siblings with characteristics of common variable immunodeficiency. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 135, 1380– 1384.e5. 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.039 25512081 PMC4426222 · DOI
  5. Almeida-Souza L, Frank RAW, García-Nafría J, Colussi A, Gunawardana N, Johnson CM, Yu M, Howard G, Andrews B, Vallis Y, McMahon HT, 2018. A Flat BAR Protein Promotes Actin Polymerization at the Base of Clathrin-Coated Pits. Cell 174, 325– 337.e14. 10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.020 29887380 PMC6057269 · DOI
  6. Ambruso DR, Knall C, Abell AN, Panepinto J, Kurkchubasche A, Thurman G, Gonzalez-Aller C, Hiester A, DeBoer M, Harbeck RJ, Oyer R, Johnson GL, Roos D, 2000. Human neutrophil immunodeficiency syndrome is associated with an inhibitory Rac2 mutation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 97, 4654– 4659. 10.1073/pnas.080074897 10758162 PMC18288 · DOI
  7. Anitei M, Stange C, Parshina I, Baust T, Schenck A, Raposo G, Kirchhausen T, Hoflack B, 2010. Protein complexes containing CYFIP/Sra/PIR121 coordinate Arf1 and Rac1 signalling during clathrin-AP-1-coated carrier biogenesis at the TGN. Nat. Cell Biol 12, 330– 340. 10.1038/ncb2034 20228810 PMC3241509 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Antón IM, Jones GE, Wandosell F, Geha R, Ramesh N, 2007. WASP-interacting protein (WIP): working in polymerisation and much more. Trends Cell Biol. 17, 555– 562. 10.1016/j.tcb.2007.08.005 17949983 · DOI
  9. Ardern H, Sandilands E, Machesky LM, Timpson P, Frame MC, Brunton VG, 2006. Src-dependent phosphorylation of Scar1 promotes its association with the Arp2/3 complex. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 63, 6– 13. 10.1002/cm.20101 16317717 · DOI
  10. Assoum M, Bruel A-L, Crenshaw ML, Delanne J, Wentzensen IM, McWalter K, Dent KM, Vitobello A, Kuentz P, Thevenon J, Duffourd Y, Thauvin-Robinet C, Faivre L, 2020. Novel KIAA1033/WASHC4 mutations in three patients with syndromic intellectual disability and a review of the literature. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 182, 792– 797. 10.1002/ajmg.a.61487 31953988 · DOI
  11. Azevedo MM, Domingues HS, Cordelières FP, Sampaio P, Seixas AI, Relvas JB, 2018. Jmy regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation via modulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Glia 66, 1826– 1844. 10.1002/glia.23342 29732611 · DOI
  12. Badour K, Zhang J, Shi F, Leng Y, Collins M, Siminovitch KA, 2004. Fyn and PTP-PEST-mediated Regulation of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASp) Tyrosine Phosphorylation Is Required for Coupling T Cell Antigen Receptor Engagement to WASp Effector Function and T Cell Activation. J. Exp. Med 199, 99– 111. 10.1084/jem.20030976 14707117 PMC1887720 · DOI
  13. Banani SF, Lee HO, Hyman AA, Rosen MK, 2017. Biomolecular condensates: Organizers of cellular biochemistry. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol 18, 285– 298. 10.1038/nrm.2017.7 28225081 PMC7434221 · DOI
  14. Banin S, Truong O, Katz DR, Waterfield MD, Brickell PM, Gout I, 1996. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) is a binding partner for c-Src family protein-tyrosine kinases. Curr. Biol 6, 981– 988. 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00642-5 8805332 · DOI
  15. Banjade S, Rosen MK, 2014. Phase transitions of multivalent proteins can promote clustering of membrane receptors. Elife 3, 1– 24. 10.7554/eLife.04123 PMC4238058 25321392 · DOI
  16. Banjade S, Wu Q, Mittal A, Peeples WB, Pappu RV, Rosen MK, 2015. Conserved interdomain linker promotes phase separation of the multivalent adaptor protein Nck. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 112, E6426– E6435. 10.1073/pnas.1508778112 26553976 PMC4664304 · DOI
  17. Bartuzi P, Billadeau DD, Favier R, Rong S, Dekker D, Fedoseienko A, Fieten H, Wijers M, Levels JH, Huijkman N, Kloosterhuis N, van der Molen H, Brufau G, Groen AK, Elliott AM, Kuivenhoven JA, Plecko B, Grangl G, McGaughran J, Horton JD, Burstein E, Hofker MH, van de Sluis B, 2016. CCC- and WASH-mediated endosomal sorting of LDLR is required for normal clearance of circulating LDL. Nat. Commun 7, 10961. 10.1038/ncomms10961 26965651 PMC4792963 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Bauer NN, Chen YW, Samant RS, Shevde LA, Fodstad O, 2007. Rac1 activity regulates proliferation of aggressive metastatic melanoma. Exp. Cell Res 313, 3832– 3839. 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.08.017 17904119 · DOI
  19. Bear JE, Rawls JF Iii, C. LS, 1998. SCAR, a WASP-related Protein, Isolated as a Suppressor of Receptor Defects in Late. Cell 142, 1325– 1335. PMC2149354 9732292
  20. Begemann A, Sticht H, Begtrup A, Vitobello A, Faivre L, Banka S, Alhaddad B, Asadollahi R, Becker J, Bierhals T, Brown KE, Bruel AL, Brunet T, Carneiro M, Cremer K, Day R, Denommé-Pichon AS, Dyment DA, Engels H, Fisher R, Goh ES, Hajianpour MJ, Haertel LRM, Hauer N, Hempel M, Herget T, Johannsen J, Kraus C, Le Guyader G, Lesca G, Mau-Them FT, McDermott JH, McWalter K, Meyer P, Õunap K, Popp B, Reimand T, Riedhammer KM, Russo M, Sadleir LG, Saenz M, Schiff M, Schuler E, Syrbe S, Van der Ven AT, Verloes A, Willems M, Zweier C, Steindl K, Zweier M, Rauch A, 2021. New insights into the clinical and molecular spectrum of the novel CYFIP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder and impairment of the WRC-mediated actin dynamics. Genet. Med 23, 543– 554. 10.1038/s41436-020-01011-x 33149277 PMC7935717 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Ben-Yosef N, Frampton M, Schiff ER, Daher S, Abu Baker F, Safadi R, Israeli E, Segal AW, Levine AP, 2021. Genetic analysis of four consanguineous multiplex families with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol. Rep 9, 521– 532. 10.1093/gastro/goab007 PMC8677555 34925849 · DOI
  22. Benesch S, Polo S, Lai FP, Anderson KI, Stradal TEB, Wehland J, Rottner K, 2005. N-WASP deficiency impairs EGF internalization and actin assembly at clathrin-coated pits. J. Cell Sci 118, 3103– 3115. 10.1242/jcs.02444 15985465 · DOI
  23. Bhattacharya K, Swaminathan K, Peche VS, Clemen CS, Knyphausen P, Lammers M, Noegel AA, Rastetter RH, 2016. Novel Coronin7 interactions with Cdc42 and N-WASP regulate actin organization and Golgi morphology. Sci. Rep 6, 25411. 10.1038/srep25411 27143109 PMC4855144 · DOI
  24. Biber G, Ben-Shmuel A, Sabag B, Barda-Saad M, 2020. Actin regulators in cancer progression and metastases: From structure and function to cytoskeletal dynamics, 1st ed, International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology. Elsevier Inc. 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.006 33066873 · DOI
  25. Biber G, Ben-Shmuel A, Sabag B, Barda-Saad M, 2020. Actin regulators in cancer progression and metastases: From structure and function to cytoskeletal dynamics. Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol 356. 33066873
  26. Biondini M, Sadou-Dubourgnoux A, Paul-Gilloteaux P, Zago G, Arslanhan MD, Waharte F, Formstecher E, Hertzog M, Yu J, Guerois R, Gautreau A, Scita G, Camonis J, Parrini MC, 2016. Direct interaction between exocyst and Wave complexes promotes cell protrusions and motility. J. Cell Sci 129, 3756– 3769. 10.1242/jcs.187336 27591259 · DOI
  27. Blagg SL, Stewart M, Sambles C, Insall RH, 2003. PIR121 Regulates Pseudopod Dynamics and SCAR Activity in Dictyostelium. Curr. Biol 13, 1480– 1487. 10.1016/S 12956949 · DOI
  28. Blanchoin L, Amann KJ, Higgs HN, Marchand J, Kaiser DA, Pollard TD, 2000. Direct observation of dendritic actin filament networks nucleated by Arp2/3 complex and WASP/Scar proteins 171, 1007– 1011. 10801131
  29. Blanchoin L, Boujemaa-Paterski R, Sykes C, Plastino J, 2014. Actin dynamics, architecture, and mechanics in cell motility. Physiol. Rev 94, 235– 263. 10.1152/physrev.00018.2013 24382887 · DOI
  30. Blundell MP, Worth A, Bouma G, Thrasher AJ, 2010. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: The actin cytoskeleton and immune cell function. Dis. Markers 29, 157– 175. 10.3233/DMA-2010-0735 21178275 PMC3835520 · DOI
  31. Bonfim-Melo A, Ferreira ÉR, Mortara RA, 2018. Rac1/WAVE2 and Cdc42/N-WASP participation in actin-dependent host cell invasion by extracellular amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi. Front. Microbiol 9, 1– 14. 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00360 29541069 PMC5835522 · DOI
  32. Bu W, Chou AM, Lim KB, Sudhaharan T, Ahmed S, 2009. The Toca-1-N-WASP complex links filopodial formation to endocytosis. J. Biol. Chem 284, 11622– 11636. 10.1074/jbc.M805940200 19213734 PMC2670167 · DOI
  33. Buckley CM, Gopaldass N, Bosmani C, Johnston SA, Soldati T, Insall RH, King JS, 2016. WASH drives early recycling from macropinosomes and phagosomes to maintain surface phagocytic receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 113, E5906– E5915. 10.1073/pnas.1524532113 27647881 PMC5056073 · DOI
  34. Bunnell SC, Henry PA, Kolluri R, Kirchhausen T, Rickles RJ, Berg LJ, 1996. Identification of Itk/Tsk Src homology 3 domain ligands. J. Biol. Chem 271, 25646– 25656. 10.1074/jbc.271.41.25646 8810341 · DOI
  35. Burns S, Cory GO, Vainchenker W, Thrasher AJ, 2004. Mechanisms of WASp-mediated hematologic and immunologic disease. Blood 104, 3454– 3462. 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1678 15308573 · DOI
  36. Burroughs LM, Petrovic A, Brazauskas R, Liu X, Griffith LM, Ochs HD, Bleesing JJ, Edwards S, Dvorak CC, Chaudhury S, Prockop SE, Quinones R, Goldman FD, Quigg TC, Chandrakasan S, Smith AR, Parikh S, Dávila Saldaña BJ, Thakar MS, Phelan R, Shenoy S, Forbes LR, Martinez C, Chellapandian D, Shereck E, Miller HK, Kapoor N, Barnum JL, Chong H, Shyr DC, Chen K, Abu-Arja R, Shah AJ, Weinacht KG, Moore TB, Joshi A, DeSantes KB, Gillio AP, Cuvelier GDE, Keller MD, Rozmus J, Torgerson T, Pulsipher MA, Haddad E, Sullivan KE, Logan BR, Kohn DB, Puck JM, Notarangelo LD, Pai SY, Rawlings DJ, Cowan MJ, 2020. Excellent outcomes following hematopoietic cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: A PIDTC report. Blood 135, 2094– 2105. 10.1182/blood.2019002939 32268350 PMC7273831 · DOI
  37. Cai GQ, Chou CF, Hu M, Zheng A, Reichardt LF, Guan JL, Fang H, Luckhardt TR, Zhou Y, Thannickal VJ, Ding Q, 2012. Neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) is critical for formation of α-smooth muscle action filaments during myofibroblast differentiation. Am. J. Physiol. - Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol 303, 692– 702. 10.1152/ajplung.00390.2011 PMC3469635 22886502 · DOI
  38. Calvez R, Lafouresse F, de Meester J, Galy A, Valitutti S, Dupré L, 2011. The wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein permits assembly of a focused immunological synapse enabling sustained T-cell receptor signaling. Haematologica 96, 1415– 1423. 10.3324/haematol.2011.040204 21659358 PMC3186301 · DOI
  39. Campellone KG, Cheng HC, Robbins D, Siripala AD, McGhie EJ, Hayward RD, Welch MD, Rosen MK, Koronakis V, Leong JM, 2008a. Repetitive N-WASP-binding elements of the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli effector EspFU synergistically activate actin assembly. PLoS Pathog. 4. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000191 PMC2567903 18974829 · DOI
  40. Campellone KG, Robbins D, Leong JM, 2004. EspFU is a translocated EHEC effector that interacts with Tir and N-WASP and promotes Nck-independent actin assembly. Dev. Cell 7, 217– 228. 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.07.004 15296718 · DOI
  41. Campellone KG, Webb NJ, Znameroski EA, Welch MD, 2008b. WHAMM Is an Arp2/3 Complex Activator That Binds Microtubules and Functions in ER to Golgi Transport. Cell 134, 148– 161. 10.1016/j.cell.2008.05.032 18614018 PMC2556884 · DOI
  42. Carabeo RA, Dooley CA, Grieshaber SS, Hackstadt T, 2007. Rac interacts with Abi-1 and WAVE2 to promote an Arp2/3-dependent actin recruitment during chlamydial invasion. Cell. Microbiol 9, 2278– 2288. 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00958.x 17501982 · DOI
  43. Caridi CP, D’agostino C, Ryu T, Zapotoczny G, Delabaere L, Li X, Khodaverdian VY, Amaral N, Lin E, Rau AR, Chiolo I, 2018. Nuclear F-actin and myosins drive relocalization of heterochromatic breaks. Nature 559, 54– 60. 10.1038/s41586-018-0242-8 29925946 PMC6051730 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Carlier MF, Nioche P, Broutin-L’hermite I, Boujemaa R, Le Clainche C, Egile C, Garbay C, Ducruix A, Sansonetti P, Pantaloni D, 2000. GRB2 links signaling to actin assembly by enhancing interaction of neural wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASp) with actin-related protein (ARP2/3) complex. J. Biol. Chem 275, 21946– 21952. 10.1074/jbc.M000687200 10781580 · DOI
  45. Carmona G, Perera U, Gillett C, Naba A, Law AL, Sharma VP, Wang J, Wyckoff J, Balsamo M, Mosis F, De Piano M, Monypenny J, Woodman N, McConnell RE, Mouneimne G, Van Hemelrijck M, Cao Y, Condeelis J, Hynes RO, Gertler FB, Krause M, 2016. Lamellipodin promotes invasive 3D cancer cell migration via regulated interactions with Ena/VASP and SCAR/WAVE. Oncogene 35, 5155– 5169. 10.1038/onc.2016.47 26996666 PMC5031503 · DOI
  46. Carnell M, Zech T, Calaminus SD, Ura S, Hagedorn M, Johnston SA, May RC, Soldati T, Machesky LM, Insall RH, 2011. Actin polymerization driven by WASH causes V-ATPase retrieval and vesicle neutralization before exocytosis. J. Cell Biol 193, 831– 839. 10.1083/jcb.201009119 21606208 PMC3105540 · DOI
  47. Case LB, Ditlev JA, Rosen MK, 2019a. Regulation of Transmembrane Signaling by Phase Separation. Annu. Rev. Biophys 48, 465– 494. 10.1146/annurev-biophys-052118-115534 30951647 PMC6771929 · DOI
  48. Case LB, Zhang X, Ditlev JA, Rosen MK, 2019b. Stoichiometry controls activity of phase-separated clusters of actin signaling proteins. Science (80-.) 363, 1093– 1097. 10.1126/science.aau6313 PMC6784323 30846599 · DOI
  49. Castro CN, Rosenzwajg M, Carapito R, Shahrooei M, Konantz M, Khan A, Miao Z, Groß M, Tranchant T, Radosavljevic M, Paul N, Stemmelen T, Pitoiset F, Hirschler A, Nespola B, Molitor A, Rolli V, Pichot A, Faletti LE, Rinaldi B, Friant S, Mednikov M, Karauzum H, Aman MJ, Carapito C, Lengerke C, Ziaee V, Eyaid W, Ehl S, Alroqi F, Parvaneh N, Bahram S, 2020. NCKAP1L defects lead to a novel syndrome combining immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation. J. Exp. Med 217. 10.1084/JEM.20192275 PMC7526481 32766723 · DOI · Paper page
  50. Ceglia I, Reitz C, Gresack J, Ahn JH, Bustos V, Bleck M, Zhang X, Martin G, Simon SM, Nairn AC, Greengard P, Kim Y, 2015. APP intracellular domain-WAVE1 pathway reduces amyloid-β production. Nat. Med 21, 1054– 1059. 10.1038/nm.3924 26280122 PMC4560977 · DOI · Paper page
  51. Chai W, Lian Z, Chen C, Liu J, Shi LL, Wang Y, 2013. JARID1A, JMY, and PTGER4 Polymorphisms Are Related to Ankylosing Spondylitis in Chinese Han Patients: A Case-Control Study. PLoS One 8, 1– 8. 10.1371/journal.pone.0074794 PMC3777963 24069348 · DOI
  52. Chandra M, Collins BM, 2019. The Phox Homology (PX) Domain BT - Protein Reviews – Purinergic Receptors: Volume 20, in: Atassi MZ (Ed.),. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 1– 17. 10.1007/5584_2018_185 · DOI
  53. Chaudhari K, Gorla M, Chang C, Kania A, Bashaw GJ, 2021. Robo recruitment of the wave regulatory complex plays an essential and conserved role in midline repulsion. Elife 10, 1– 35. 10.7554/ELIFE.64474 PMC8096436 33843588 · DOI
  54. Chen B, Brinkmann K, Chen Z, Pak CW, Liao Y, Shi S, Henry L, Grishin NV, Bogdan S, Rosen MK, 2014a. The WAVE regulatory complex links diverse receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. Cell 156, 195– 207. 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.048 24439376 PMC4059610 · DOI · Paper page
  55. Chen B, Brinkmann K, Chen Z, Pak CW, Liao Y, Shi S, Henry L, Grishin NV, Bogdan S, Rosen MK, 2014b. The WAVE regulatory complex links diverse receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. Cell 156, 195– 207. 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.048 24439376 PMC4059610 · DOI · Paper page
  56. Chen B, Chou H-T, Brautigam CA, Xing W, Yang S, Henry L, Doolittle LK, Walz T, Rosen MK, 2017. Rac1 GTPase activates the WAVE regulatory complex through two distinct binding sites. Elife 6, 1– 22. 10.7554/elife.29795 PMC5614565 28949297 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Chen XJ, Squarr AJ, Stephan R, Chen B, Higgins TE, Barry DJ, Martin MC, Rosen MK, Bogdan S, Way M, 2014. Ena/VASP proteins cooperate with the WAVE complex to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Dev. Cell 30, 569– 584. 10.1016/j.devcel.2014.08.001 25203209 PMC4165403 · DOI
  58. Chen Z, Borek D, Padrick SB, Gomez TS, Metlagel Z, Ismail AM, Umetani J, Billadeau DD, Otwinowski Z, Rosen MK, 2010a. Structure and control of the actin regulatory WAVE complex. Nature 468, 533– 538. 10.1038/nature09623 21107423 PMC3085272 · DOI · Paper page
  59. Chen Z, Borek D, Padrick SB, Gomez TS, Metlagel Z, Ismail AM, Umetani J, Billadeau DD, Otwinowski Z, Rosen MK, 2010b. Structure and control of the actin regulatory WAVE complex. Nature 468, 533– 538. 10.1038/nature09623 21107423 PMC3085272 · DOI · Paper page
  60. Cheng A, Arumugam TV, Liu D, Khatri RG, Mustafa K, Kwak S, Ling HP, Gonzales C, Xin O, Jo DG, Guo Z, Mark RJ, Mattson MP, 2007. Pancortin-2 interacts with WAVE1 and Bcl-xL in a mitochondria-associated protein complex that mediates ischemic neuronal death. J. Neurosci 27, 1519– 1528. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5154-06.2007 17301160 PMC6673736 · DOI · Paper page
  61. Cheng HC, Skehan BM, Campellone KG, Leong JM, Rosen MK, 2008. Structural mechanism of WASP activation by the enterohaemorrhagic E. coli effector EspFU. Nature 454, 1009– 1013. 10.1038/nature07160 18650809 PMC2719906 · DOI
  62. Chia PH, Chen B, Li P, Rosen MK, Shen K, 2014. Local F-actin network links synapse formation and axon branching. Cell 156, 208– 220. 10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.009 24439377 PMC3954643 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Chin S, Kwon T, Khan BR, Alan Sparks J, Mallery EL, Szymanski DB, Blancaflor EB, 2021. Spatial and temporal localization of SPIRRIG and WAVE/SCAR reveal roles for these proteins in actin-mediated root hair development. Plant Cell 33, 2131– 2148. 10.1093/plcell/koab115 33881536 PMC8364238 · DOI
  64. Clemen CS, Schmidt A, Winter L, Canneva F, Wittig I, Becker L, Coras R, Berwanger C, Hofmann A, Eggers B, Marcus K, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, de Angelis MH, Krüger M, von Hörsten S, Eichinger L, Schröder R, 2021. N471D WASH complex subunit strumpellin knock-in mice display mild motor and cardiac abnormalities and BPTF and KLHL11 dysregulation in brain tissue. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol 10.1111/nan.12750 34312900 · DOI
  65. Cook SA, Comrie WA, Poli MC, Similuk M, Oler AJ, Faruqi AJ, Kuhns DB, Yang S, Vargas-Hernández A, Carisey AF, Fournier B, Anderson DE, Price S, Smelkinson M, Chahla WA, Forbes LR, Mace EM, Cao TN, Coban-Akdemir ZH, Jhangiani SN, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Lupski JR, Orange JS, Cuvelier GDE, Al Hassani M, Al Kaabi N, Al Yafei Z, Jyonouchi S, Raje N, Caldwell JW, Huang Y, Burkhardt JK, Latour S, Chen B, El Ghazali G, Rao VK, Chinn IK, Lenardo MJ, 2020. HEM1 deficiency disrupts mTORC2 and F-actin control in inherited immunodysregulatory disease. Science (80-.) 369, 202– 207. 10.1126/science.aay5663 PMC8383235 32647003 · DOI · Paper page
  66. Corral-Serrano JC, Lamers IJC, Van Reeuwijk J, Duijkers L, Hoogendoorn ADM, Yildirim A, Argyrou N, Ruigrok RAA, Letteboer SJF, Butcher R, Van Essen MD, Sakami S, Van Beersum SEC, Palczewski K, Cheetham ME, Liu Q, Boldt K, Wolfrum U, Ueffing M, Garanto A, Roepman R, Collin RWJ, 2020. PCARE and WASF3 regulate ciliary F-actin assembly that is required for the initiation of photoreceptor outer segment disk formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 117, 9922– 9931. 10.1073/pnas.1903125117 32312818 PMC7211956 · DOI
  67. Cory GOC, Cramer R, Blanchoin L, Ridley AJ, 2003. Phosphorylation of the WASP-VCA domain increases its affinity for the Arp2/3 complex and enhances actin polymerization by WASP. Mol. Cell 11, 1229– 1239. 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00172-2 12769847 · DOI
  68. Cory GOC, Garg R, Cramer R, Ridley AJ, 2002. Phosphorylation of tyrosine 291 enhances the ability of WASp to stimulate actin polymerization and filopodium formation. J. Biol. Chem 277, 45115– 45121. 10.1074/jbc.M203346200 12235133 · DOI
  69. Cossart P, Bierne H, 2001. Host cell machinery and Listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis. Curr. Opin. Immunol 13, 96– 103. 11154924
  70. Costain G, Callewaert B, Gabriel H, Tan TY, Walker S, Christodoulou J, Lazar T, Menten B, Orkin J, Sadedin S, Snell M, Vanlander A, Vergult S, White SM, Scherer SW, Hayeems RZ, Blaser S, Wodak SJ, Chitayat D, Marshall CR, Meyn MS, 2019. De novo missense variants in RAC3 cause a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome. Genet. Med 21, 1021– 1026. 10.1038/s41436-018-0323-y 30293988 · DOI
  71. Courtland JL, Bradshaw TW, Waitt G, Soderblom EJ, Ho T, Rajab A, Vancini R, Kim IH, Soderling SH, 2021. Genetic disruption of WASHC4 drives endo-lysosomal dysfunction and cognitive-movement impairments in mice and humans. Elife 10. 10.7554/eLife.61590 PMC7984842 33749590 · DOI
  72. Coutts AS, La Thangue NB, 2015. Actin nucleation by WH2 domains at the autophagosome. Nat. Commun 6. 10.1038/ncomms8888 PMC4532831 26223951 · DOI
  73. Coutts AS, Weston L, La Thangue NB, 2009. A transcription co-factor integrates cell adhesion and motility with the p53 response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 106, 19872– 19877. 10.1073/pnas.0906785106 19897726 PMC2785259 · DOI
  74. Cowell JK, Teng Y, Bendzunas NG, Ara R, Arbab AS, Kennedy EJ, 2017. Suppression of Breast Cancer Metastasis Using Stapled Peptides Targeting the WASF Regulatory Complex. Cancer Growth Metastasis 10, 117906441771319. 10.1177/1179064417713197 PMC5480654 28680267 · DOI
  75. Dai A, Yu L, Wang HW, 2019. WHAMM initiates autolysosome tubulation by promoting actin polymerization on autolysosomes. Nat. Commun 10. 10.1038/s41467-019-11694-9 PMC6697732 31420534 · DOI
  76. Dai Z, Pendergast AM, 1995. Abi-2, a novel SH3-containing protein interacts with the c-Abl tyrosine kinase and modulates c-Abl transforming activity. Genes Dev. 9, 2569– 2582. 10.1101/gad.9.21.2569 7590236 · DOI
  77. Danson CM, Pocha SM, Bloomberg GB, Cory GO, 2007. Phosphorylation of WAVE2 by MAP kinases regulates persistent cell migration and polarity. J. Cell Sci 120, 4144– 4154. 10.1242/jcs.013714 18032787 PMC2690415 · DOI · Paper page
  78. de Bot ST, Vermeer S, Buijsman W, Heister A, Voorendt M, Verrips A, Scheffer H, Kremer HPH, van de Warrenburg BPC, Kamsteeg E-J, 2013. Pure adult-onset spastic paraplegia caused by a novel mutation in the KIAA0196 (SPG8) gene. J. Neurol 260, 1765– 1769. 10.1007/s00415-013-6870-x 23455931 · DOI
  79. De Meester J, Calvez R, Valitutti S, Dupré L, 2010. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein regulates CTL cytotoxicity and is required for efficient killing of B cell lymphoma targets. J. Leukoc. Biol 88, 1031– 1040. 10.1189/jlb.0410197 20689099 · DOI
  80. Del Olmo T, Lauzier A, Normandin C, Larcher R, Lecours M, Jean D, Lessard L, Steinberg F, Boisvert F-M, Jean S, 2019. APEX2-mediated RAB proximity labeling identifies a role for RAB21 in clathrin-independent cargo sorting. EMBO Rep. 20. 10.15252/embr.201847192 PMC6362359 30610016 · DOI
  81. Demonacos C, Krstic-Demonacos M, La Thangue NB, 2001. A TPR motif cofactor contributes to p300 activity in the p53 response. Mol. Cell 8, 71– 84. 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00277-5 11511361 · DOI
  82. Deng Z-H, Gomez TS, Osborne DG, Phillips-Krawczak CA, Zhang J-S, Billadeau DD, 2015. Nuclear FAM21 participates in NF-κB-dependent gene regulation in pancreatic cancer cells. J. Cell Sci 128, 373– 384. 10.1242/jcs.161513 25431135 PMC4294779 · DOI
  83. Depienne C, Cincotta M, Billot S, Bouteiller D, Groppa S, Brochard V, Flamand C, Hubsch C, Meunier S, Giovannelli F, Klebe S, Corvol JC, Vidailhet M, Brice A, Roze E, 2011. A novel DCC mutation and genetic heterogeneity in congenital mirror movements. Neurology 76, 260 LP– 264. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318207b1e0 21242494 · DOI
  84. Depienne C, Leguern E, 2012. PCDH19-related infantile epileptic encephalopathy: An unusual X-linked inheritance disorder. Hum. Mutat 33, 627– 634. 10.1002/humu.22029 22267240 · DOI
  85. Derivery E, Helfer E, Henriot V, Gautreau A, 2012. Actin polymerization controls the organization of WASH domains at the surface of endosomes. PLoS One 7, e39774. 10.1371/journal.pone.0039774 22737254 PMC3380866 · DOI
  86. Derivery E, Lombard B, Loew D, Gautreau A, 2009a. The wave complex is intrinsically inactive. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 66, 777– 790. 10.1002/cm.20342 19206172 · DOI
  87. Derivery E, Sousa C, Gautier JJ, Lombard B, Loew D, Gautreau A, 2009b. The Arp2/3 Activator WASH Controls the Fission of Endosomes through a Large Multiprotein Complex. Dev. Cell 17, 712– 723. 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.09.010 19922875 · DOI
  88. Derry JM, Ochs HD, Francke U, 1994. Isolation of a novel gene mutated in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Cell 78, 635– 644. 8069912
  89. DesMarais V, Yamaguchi H, Oser M, Soon L, Mouneimne G, Sarmiento C, Eddy R, Condeelis J, 2009. N-WASP and cortactin are involved in invadopodium-dependent chemotaxis to EGF in breast tumor cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 66, 303– 316. 10.1002/cm.20361 19373774 PMC2747479 · DOI
  90. Devriendt K, Kim AS, Mathijs G, Frints SGM, Schwartz M, Van Den Oord JJ, Verhoef GEG, Boogaerts MA, Fryns JP, You D, Rosen MK, Vandenberghe P, 2001. Constitutively activating mutation in WASP causes X-linked severe congenital neutropenia. Nat. Genet 27, 313– 317. 10.1038/85886 11242115 · DOI
  91. Ditlev JA, Vega AR, Köster DV, Su X, Tani T, Lakoduk AM, Vale RD, Mayor S, Jaqaman K, Rosen MK, 2019. A composition-dependent molecular clutch between T cell signaling condensates and actin. Elife 8, 1– 44. 10.7554/eLife.42695 PMC6624021 31268421 · DOI
  92. Dokmanovic M, Hirsch DS, Shen Y, Wen JW, 2009. Rac1 contributes to trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer cells: Rac1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Mol. Cancer Ther 8, 1557– 1569. 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0140 19509242 · DOI
  93. Dominguez R, 2016. The WH2 Domain and Actin Nucleation-Necessary but Insufficient. Trends Biochem Sci 41, 478– 490. 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.03.004.The 27068179 PMC4884163 · DOI
  94. Donaldson JG, Jackson CL, 2011. ARF family G proteins and their regulators: roles in membrane transport, development and disease. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol 12, 362– 375. 10.1038/nrm3117 21587297 PMC3245550 · DOI
  95. Dong B, Kakihara K, Otani T, Wada H, Hayashi S, 2013. Rab9 and retromer regulate retrograde trafficking of luminal protein required for epithelial tube length control. Nat. Commun 4, 1358. 10.1038/ncomms2347 23322046 PMC3562448 · DOI
  96. Duleh SN, Welch MD, 2010. WASH and the Arp2/3 complex regulate endosome shape and trafficking. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 67, 193– 206. 10.1002/cm.20437 20175130 PMC2887680 · DOI
  97. Dupré L, Aiuti A, Trifari S, Martino S, Saracco P, Bordignon C, Roncarolo MG, 2002. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein regulates lipid raft dynamics during immunological synapse formation. Immunity 17, 157– 166. 10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00360-6 12196287 · DOI
  98. Echarri A, Lai MJ, Robinson MR, Pendergast AM, 2004. Abl Interactor 1 (Abi-1) Wave-Binding and SNARE Domains Regulate Its Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling, Lamellipodium Localization, and Wave-1 Levels. Mol. Cell. Biol 24, 4979– 4993. 10.1128/mcb.24.11.4979-4993.2004 15143189 PMC416433 · DOI · Paper page
  99. Eden S, Rohatgi R, Podtelejnikov AV, Mann M, Kirschner MW, 2002. Mechanism of regulation of WAVE1-induced actin nucleation by Rac1 and Nck. Nature 418, 790– 793. 10.1038/nature00859 12181570 · DOI · Paper page
  100. Egile C, Loisel TP, Laurent V, Li R, Pantaloni D, Sansonetti PJ, Carlier M, 1999. Protein Promotes Actin Nucleation by Arp2 / 3 Complex and Bacterial. J. Cell Biol 146, 1319– 1332. 10491394 PMC2156126
  101. Elliott AM, Simard LR, Coghlan G, Chudley AE, Chodirker BN, Greenberg CR, Burch T, Ly V, Hatch GM, Zelinski T, 2013. A novel mutation in KIAA0196: Identification of a gene involved in Ritscher-Schinzel/3C syndrome in a First Nations cohort. J. Med. Genet 50, 819– 822. 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101715 24065355 · DOI
  102. Facchetti F, Blanzuoli L, Vermi W, Notarangelo LD, Giliani S, Fiorini M, Fasth A, Stewart DM, Nelson DL, 1998. Defective actin polymerization in EBV-transformed B-cell lines from patients with the Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome. J. Pathol 185, 99– 107. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199805)185:1<99::AID-PATH48>3.0.CO;2-L 9713366 · DOI
  103. Facette MR, Park Y, Sutimantanapi D, Luo A, Cartwright HN, Yang B, Bennett EJ, Sylvester AW, Smith LG, 2015. The SCAR/WAVE complex polarizes PAN receptors and promotes division asymmetry in maize. Nat. Plants 1. 10.1038/nplants.2014.24 27246760 · DOI
  104. Fan L, Lu Y, Shen X, Shao H, Suo L, Wu Q, 2018. Alpha protocadherins and Pyk2 kinase regulate cortical neuron migration and cytoskeletal dynamics via rac1 GTPase and WAVE complex in mice. Elife 7, 1– 26. 10.7554/eLife.35242 PMC6047886 29911975 · DOI
  105. Faris R, McCullough A, Andersen SE, Moninger TO, Weber MM, 2020. The chlamydia trachomatis secreted effector TmeA hijacks the N-WASP-ARP2/3 actin remodeling axis to facilitate cellular invasion. PLoS Pathog. 16, 1– 20. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008878 PMC7526919 32946535 · DOI
  106. Finan PM, Soames CJ, Wilson L, Nelson DL, Stewart DM, Truong O, Hsuan JJ, Kellie S, 1996. Identification of regions of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein responsible for association with selected Src homology 3 domains. J. Biol. Chem 271, 26291– 26295. 10.1074/jbc.271.42.26291 8824280 · DOI
  107. Firat-Karalar EN, Hsiue PP, Welch MD, 2011. The actin nucleation factor JMY is a negative regulator of neuritogenesis. Mol. Biol. Cell 22, 4563– 4574. 10.1091/mbc.E11-06-0585 21965285 PMC3226475 · DOI
  108. Fokin AI, David V, Oguievetskaia K, Derivery E, Stone CE, Cao L, Rocques N, Molinie N, Henriot V, Aumont-Nicaise M, Hinckelmann M-V, Saudou F, Le Clainche C, Carter AP, Romet-Lemonne G, Gautreau AM, 2021. The Arp1/11 minifilament of dynactin primes the endosomal Arp2/3 complex. Sci. Adv 7. 10.1126/sciadv.abd5956 PMC7806238 33523880 · DOI
  109. Fokin AI, Gautreau AM, 2021. Assembly and Activity of the WASH Molecular Machine: Distinctive Features at the Crossroads of the Actin and Microtubule Cytoskeletons. Front. cell Dev. Biol 9, 658865. 10.3389/fcell.2021.658865 33869225 PMC8047104 · DOI
  110. Fort L, Batista JM, Thomason PA, Spence HJ, Whitelaw JA, Tweedy L, Greaves J, Martin KJ, Anderson KI, Brown P, Lilla S, Neilson MP, Tafelmeyer P, Zanivan S, Ismail S, Bryant DM, Tomkinson NCO, Chamberlain LH, Mastick GS, Insall RH, Machesky LM, 2018. Fam49/CYRI interacts with Rac1 and locally suppresses protrusions. Nat. Cell Biol 20, 1159– 1171. 10.1038/s41556-018-0198-9 30250061 PMC6863750 · DOI
  111. Freeman C, Seaman MNJ, Reid E, 2013. The hereditary spastic paraplegia protein strumpellin: characterisation in neurons and of the effect of disease mutations on WASH complex assembly and function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1832, 160– 173. 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.10.011 23085491 PMC3714738 · DOI
  112. Freeman CL, Hesketh G, Seaman MNJ, 2014. RME-8 coordinates the activity of the WASH complex with the function of the retromer SNX dimer to control endosomal tubulation. J. Cell Sci 127, 2053– 2070. 10.1242/jcs.144659 24643499 PMC4004978 · DOI
  113. Frischknecht F, Moreau V, Röttger S, Gonfloni S, Reckmann I, Superti-Furga G, Way M, 1999. Actin-based motility of vaccinia virus mimics receptor tyrosine kinase signalling. Nature 401, 926– 929. 10.1038/44860 10553910 · DOI
  114. Frugtniet BA, Martin TA, Zhang L, Jiang WG, 2017. Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (nWASP) is implicated in human lung cancer invasion. BMC Cancer 17, 1– 11. 10.1186/s12885-017-3219-3 28351346 PMC5369017 · DOI
  115. Fukuoka M, Suetsugu S, Miki H, Fukami K, Endo T, Takenawa T, 2001. A novel neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) binding protein, WISH, induces Arp2/3 complex activation independent of CDc42. J. Cell Biol 153, 471– 482. 10.1083/jcb.152.3.471 PMC2196001 11157975 · DOI
  116. Gad AKB, Nehru V, Ruusala A, Aspenström P, 2012. RhoD regulates cytoskeletal dynamics via the actin nucleation-promoting factor WASp homologue associated with actin Golgi membranes and microtubules. Mol. Biol. Cell 23, 4807– 4819. 10.1091/mbc.E12-07-0555 23087206 PMC3521688 · DOI
  117. Gallego MD, Santamaría M, Peña J, Molina IJ, 1997. Defective actin reorganization and polymerization of Wiskott-Aldrich T cells in response to CD3-mediated stimulation. Blood 90, 3089– 3097. 10.1182/blood.v90.8.3089 9376590 · DOI
  118. Gangfuß A, Czech A, Hentschel A, Münchberg U, Horvath R, Töpf A, O’Heir E, Lochmüller H, Stehling F, Kiewert C, Sickmann A, Kuechler A, Kaiser FJ, Kölbel H, Christiansen J, Schara-Schmidt U, Roos A, 2022. Homozygous WASHC4 variant in two sisters causes a syndromic phenotype defined by dysmorphisms, intellectual disability, profound developmental disorder, and skeletal muscle involvement. J. Pathol 256, 93– 107. 10.1002/path.5812 34599609 · DOI
  119. Gautreau A, Ho H. -y. H., Li J, Steen H, Gygi SP, Kirschner MW, 2004. Purification and architecture of the ubiquitous Wave complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 101, 4379– 4383. 10.1073/pnas.0400628101 15070726 PMC384755 · DOI
  120. Gavrin A, Rey T, Torode TA, Toulotte J, Chatterjee A, Kaplan JL, Evangelisti E, Takagi H, Charoensawan V, Rengel D, Journet EP, Debellé F, de Carvalho-Niebel F, Terauchi R, Braybrook S, Schornack S, 2020. Developmental Modulation of Root Cell Wall Architecture Confers Resistance to an Oomycete Pathogen. Curr. Biol 30, 4165– 4176.e5. 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.011 32888486 PMC7658807 · DOI
  121. Gianfrancesco F, Falco G, Esposito T, Rocchi M, D’Urso M, 2001. Characterization of the murine orthologue of a novel human subtelomeric multigene family. Cytogenet. Cell Genet 94, 98– 100. 10.1159/000048796 11701968 · DOI
  122. Ginanneschi F, D’Amore A, Barghigiani M, Tessa A, Rossi A, Santorelli FM, 2020. SPG8 mutations in Italian families: clinical data and literature review. Neurol. Sci 41, 699– 703. 10.1007/s10072-019-04180-z 31814071 · DOI
  123. Gismondi A, Cifaldi L, Mazza C, Giliani S, Parolini S, Morrone S, Jacobelli J, Bandiera E, Notarangelo L, Santoni A, 2004. Impaired natural and CD16-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity in patients with WAS and XLT: Ability of IL-2 to correct NK cell functional defect. Blood 104, 436– 443. 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2621 15001467 · DOI
  124. Gjerulfsen CE, Møller RS, Fenger CD, Hammer TB, Bayat A, 2021. Expansion of the CCDC22 associated Ritscher-Schinzel/3C syndrome and review of the literature: Should the minimal diagnostic criteria be revised? Eur. J. Med. Genet 64, 104246. 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104246 34020006 · DOI
  125. Gligorijevic B, Wyckoff J, Yamaguchi H, Wang Y, Roussos ET, Condeelis J, 2012. N-WASP-mediated invadopodium formation is involved in intravasation and lung metastasis of mammary tumors. J. Cell Sci 125, 724– 734. 10.1242/jcs.092726 22389406 PMC3367832 · DOI
  126. Goley ED, Welch MD, 2006. The ARP2/3 complex: An actin nucleator comes of age. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol 7, 713– 726. 10.1038/nrm2026 16990851 · DOI
  127. Gomez TS, Billadeau DD, 2009. A FAM21-containing WASH complex regulates retromer-dependent sorting. Dev. Cell 17, 699– 711. 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.09.009 19922874 PMC2803077 · DOI
  128. Gomez TS, Gorman JA, de Narvajas AA-M, Koenig AO, Billadeau DD, 2012. Trafficking defects in WASH-knockout fibroblasts originate from collapsed endosomal and lysosomal networks. Mol. Biol. Cell 23, 3215– 3228. 10.1091/mbc.E12-02-0101 22718907 PMC3418315 · DOI
  129. Gromnitza S, Lepa C, Weide T, Schwab A, Pavenstädt H, George B, 2018. Tropomyosin-related kinase C (TrkC) enhances podocyte migration by ERK-mediated WAVE2 activation. FASEB J. 32, 1665– 1676. 10.1096/fj.201700703R 29162704 · DOI
  130. Guerriero CJ, Weisz OA, 2007. N-WASP inhibitor wiskostatin nonselectively perturbs membrane transport by decreasing cellular ATP levels. Am. J. Physiol. - Cell Physiol 292, 1562– 1566. 10.1152/ajpcell.00426.2006 17092993 · DOI
  131. Guinamard R, Aspenström P, Fougereau M, Chavrier P, Guillemot JC, 1998. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein by Lyn and Btk is regulated by CDC42. FEBS Lett. 434, 431– 436. 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01016-3 9742969 · DOI
  132. Guo JC, Li J, Zhao YP, Zhou L, Cui QC, Zhou WX, Zhang TP, You L, Shu H, 2014. N-WASP in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Associations with perineural invasion and poor prognosis. World J. Surg 38, 2126– 2131. 10.1007/s00268-014-2500-8 24718883 · DOI
  133. Hansen M, Hsu A-L, Dillin A, Kenyon C, 2005. New genes tied to endocrine, metabolic, and dietary regulation of lifespan from a Caenorhabditis elegans genomic RNAi screen. PLoS Genet. 1, 119– 128. 10.1371/journal.pgen.0010017 16103914 PMC1183531 · DOI
  134. Hao Y-H, Doyle JM, Ramanathan S, Gomez TS, Jia D, Xu M, Chen ZJ, Billadeau DD, Rosen MK, Potts PR, 2013. Regulation of WASH-dependent actin polymerization and protein trafficking by ubiquitination. Cell 152, 1051– 1064. 10.1016/j.cell.2013.01.051 23452853 PMC3640276 · DOI
  135. Harbour ME, Breusegem SY, Seaman MNJ, 2012. Recruitment of the endosomal WASH complex is mediated by the extended “tail” of Fam21 binding to the retromer protein Vps35. Biochem. J 442, 209– 220. 10.1042/BJ20111761 22070227 · DOI
  136. Harbour ME, Breusegem SYA, Antrobus R, Freeman C, Reid E, Seaman MNJ, 2010. The cargo-selective retromer complex is a recruiting hub for protein complexes that regulate endosomal tubule dynamics. J. Cell Sci 123, 3703– 3717. 10.1242/jcs.071472 20923837 PMC2964111 · DOI
  137. Harmon B, Campbell N, Ratner L, 2010. Role of Abl kinase and the wave2 signaling complex in HIV-1 entry at a post-hemifusion step. PLoS Pathog. 6. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000956 PMC2887473 20585556 · DOI
  138. Hartland EL, Leong JM, 2013. Enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E. Coli: Ecology, pathogenesis, and evolution. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol 4, 2011– 2013. 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00015 PMC3639409 23641365 · DOI
  139. Hebbrecht T, Van Audenhove I, Zwaenepoel O, Verhelle A, Gettemans J, 2017. VCA nanobodies target N-WASp to reduce invadopodium formation and functioning. PLoS One 12, 1– 19. 10.1371/journal.pone.0185076 PMC5609757 28938008 · DOI
  140. Helfer E, Harbour ME, Henriot V, Lakisic G, Sousa-Blin C, Volceanov L, Seaman MNJ, Gautreau A, 2013. Endosomal recruitment of the WASH complex: active sequences and mutations impairing interaction with the retromer. Biol. cell 105, 191– 207. 10.1111/boc.201200038 23331060 · DOI
  141. Higgs HN, Blanchoin L, Pollard TD, 1999. Influence of the C terminus of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) and the Arp2/3 complex on actin polymerization. Biochemistry 38, 15212– 15222. 10.1021/bi991843+ 10563804 · DOI
  142. Higgs HN, Pollard TD, 2001. Regulation of actin filament network formation through Arp2/3 complex: Activation by a diverse array of proteins. Annu. Rev. Biochem 70, 649– 676. 10.1146/annurev.biochem.70.1.649 11395419 · DOI
  143. Higgs HN, Pollard TD, 2000. Activation by Cdc42 and PIP2 of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp) stimulates actin nucleation by Arp2/3 complex. J. Cell Biol 150, 1311– 1320. 10.1083/jcb.150.6.1311 10995437 PMC2150692 · DOI
  144. Hildebrand A, Remmert M, Biegert A, Söding J, 2009. Fast and accurate automatic structure prediction with HHpred. Proteins 77 Suppl 9, 128– 132. 10.1002/prot.22499 19626712 · DOI
  145. Ho H-YH, Rohatgi R, Lebensohn A, Ma L, Li J, Gygi S, Kirschner MW, 2004. Toca-1 mediates Cdc42-dependent actin nucleation by activating the N-WASP-WIP complex. Cell 118, 203– 216. 15260990
  146. Ho HYH, Rohatgi R, Ma L, Kirschner MW, 2001. CR16 forms a complex with N-WASP in brain and is a novel member of a conserved proline-rich actin-binding protein family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 98, 11306– 11311. 10.1073/pnas.211420498 11553796 PMC58725 · DOI
  147. Hornbeck PV, Zhang B, Murray B, Kornhauser JM, Latham V, Skrzypek E, 2015. PhosphoSitePlus, 2014: Mutations, PTMs and recalibrations. Nucleic Acids Res. 43, D512– D520. 10.1093/nar/gku1267 25514926 PMC4383998 · DOI
  148. Hou JX, Yang H, Huang X, Leng XH, Zhou F, Xie C, Zhou YF, Xu Y, 2017. N-WASP promotes invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells through regulating p38 MAPKs signaling pathway. Am. J. Transl. Res 9, 403– 415. 28337270 PMC5340677
  149. Hsu AP, Donkó A, Arrington ME, Swamydas M, Fink D, Das A, Escobedo O, Bonagura V, Szabolcs P, Steinberg HN, Bergerson J, Skoskiewicz A, Makhija M, Davis J, Foruraghi L, Palmer C, Fuleihan RL, Church JA, Bhandoola A, Lionakis MS, Campbell S, Leto TL, Kuhns DB, Holland SM, 2019. Dominant activating RAC2 mutation with lymphopenia, immunodeficiency, and cytoskeletal defects. Blood 133, 1977– 1988. 10.1182/blood-2018-11-886028 30723080 PMC6497516 · DOI
  150. Hu X, Mullins RD, 2019. LC3 and STRAP regulate actin filament assembly by JMY during autophagosome formation. J. Cell Biol 218, 251– 266. 10.1083/jcb.201802157 30420355 PMC6314544 · DOI
  151. Huang L, Zhu P, Xia P, Fan Z, 2016. WASH has a critical role in NK cell cytotoxicity through Lck-mediated phosphorylation. Cell Death Dis. 7, e2301. 10.1038/cddis.2016.212 27441653 PMC4973352 · DOI
  152. Huang S, Huang C, Chen W, Liu Y, Yin X, Lai J, Liang L, Wang Q, Wang A, Zheng C, 2018. WAVE3 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion via the AKT pathway in pancreatic cancer. Int. J. Oncol 53, 672– 684. 10.3892/ijo.2018.4421 29845225 PMC6017243 · DOI
  153. Huang X, Ding L, Pan R, Ma PF, Cheng PP, Zhang CH, Shen YT, Xu L, Liu Y, He XQ, Qi ZQ, Wang HL, 2013. WHAMM is required for meiotic spindle migration and asymmetric cytokinesis in mouse oocytes. Histochem. Cell Biol 139, 525– 534. 10.1007/s00418-012-1051-z 23160625 · DOI
  154. Humphreys D, Davidson A, Hume PJ, Koronakis V, 2012. Salmonella virulence effector SopE and host GEF ARNO cooperate to recruit and activate WAVE to trigger bacterial invasion. Cell Host Microbe 11, 129– 139. 10.1016/j.chom.2012.01.006 22341462 PMC3314957 · DOI
  155. Humphreys D, Davidson AC, Hume PJ, Makin LE, Koronakis V, 2013. Arf6 coordinates actin assembly through the WAVE complex, a mechanism usurped by Salmonella to invade host cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 110, 16880– 16885. 10.1073/pnas.1311680110 24085844 PMC3801044 · DOI
  156. Humphreys D, Singh V, Koronakis V, 2016. Inhibition of WAVE Regulatory Complex Activation by a Bacterial Virulence Effector Counteracts Pathogen Phagocytosis. Cell Rep. 17, 697– 707. 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.039 27732847 PMC5081413 · DOI
  157. Hussain NK, Jenna S, Glogauer M, Quinn CC, Wasiak S, Guipponi M, Antonarakis SE, Kay BK, Stossel TP, Lamarche-Vane N, McPherson PS, 2001. Endocytic protein intersectin-l regulates actin assembly via Cdc42 and N-WASP. Nat. Cell Biol 3, 927– 932. 10.1038/ncb1001-927 11584276 · DOI
  158. Husson C, Renault L, Didry D, Pantaloni D, Carlier MF, 2011. Cordon-Bleu Uses WH2 Domains as Multifunctional Dynamizers of Actin Filament Assembly. Mol. Cell 43, 464– 477. 10.1016/j.molcel.2011.07.010 21816349 · DOI
  159. Imai K, Nonoyama S, Ochs HD, 2003. WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein) gene mutations and phenotype. Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol 3, 427– 436. 10.1097/00130832-200312000-00003 14612666 · DOI
  160. Innocenti M, Gerboth S, Rottner K, Lai FPL, Hertzog M, Stradal TEB, Frittoli E, Didry D, Polo S, Disanza A, Benesch S, Di Fiore PP, Carlier MF, Scita G, 2005. Abi1 regulates the activity of N-WASP and WAVE in distinct actin-based processes. Nat. Cell Biol 7, 969– 976. 10.1038/ncb1304 16155590 · DOI
  161. Innocenti M, Zucconi A, Disanza A, Frittoli E, Areces LB, Steffen A, Stradal TEB, Di Fiore PP, Carlier MF, Scita G, 2004. Abi1 is essential for the formation and activation of a WAVE2 signalling complex. Nat. Cell Biol 6, 319– 327. 10.1038/ncb1105 15048123 · DOI
  162. Irie F, Yamaguchi Y, 2002. EphB receptors regulate dendritic spine development via intersectin, Cdc42 and N-WASP. Nat. Neurosci 5, 1117– 1118. 10.1038/nn964 12389031 · DOI
  163. Ismail AM, Padrick SB, Chen B, Umetani J, Rosen MK, 2009. The WAVE regulatory complex is inhibited. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol 16, 561– 563. 10.1038/nsmb.1587 19363480 PMC2716658 · DOI
  164. Ivanov AI, Hunt D, Utech M, Nusrat A, Parkos CA, 2005. Differential Roles for Actin Polymerization and a Myosin II Motor in Assembly of the Epithelial Apical Junction Complex. Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 5356– 5372. 10.1091/mbc.E05 15800060 PMC1142412 · DOI
  165. Jain N, Thanabalu T, 2015. Molecular difference between WASP and N-WASP critical for chemotaxis of T-cells towards SDF-1α. Sci. Rep 5, 1– 12. 10.1038/srep15031 PMC4604493 26463123 · DOI
  166. Jia D, Gomez TS, Billadeau DD, Rosen MK, 2012. Multiple repeat elements within the FAM21 tail link the WASH actin regulatory complex to the retromer. Mol. Biol. Cell 23, 2352– 2361. 10.1091/mbc.E11-12-1059 22513087 PMC3374753 · DOI
  167. Jia D, Gomez TS, Metlagel Z, Umetani J, Otwinowski Z, Rosen MK, Billadeau DD, 2010. WASH and WAVE actin regulators of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family are controlled by analogous structurally related complexes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 107, 10442– 10447. 10.1073/pnas.0913293107 20498093 PMC2890800 · DOI
  168. Jia S, Jia Y, Weeks HP, Ruge F, Feng X, Ma R, Ji J, Ren J, Jiang WG, 2014. Down-regulation of WAVE2, WASP family verprolin-homologous protein 2, in gastric cancer indicates lymph node metastasis and cell migration. Anticancer Res. 34, 2185– 2194. 24778020
  169. Jin KM, Lu M, Liu FF, Gu J, Du XJ, Xing BC, 2013. N-WASP is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and associated with poor prognosis. Surg. (United States) 153, 518– 525. 10.1016/j.surg.2012.08.067 23218879 · DOI
  170. Jin Y, Mazza C, Christie JR, Giliani S, Fiorini M, Mella P, Gandellini F, Stewart DM, Zhu Q, Nelson DL, Notarangelo LD, Ochs HD, 2004. Mutations of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP): Hotspots, effect on transcription, and translation and phenotype/genotype correlation. Blood 104, 4010– 4019. 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1592 15284122 · DOI
  171. Jinks RN, Puffenberger EG, Baple E, Harding B, Crino P, Fogo AB, Wenger O, Xin B, Koehler AE, McGlincy MH, Provencher MM, Smith JD, Tran L, Al Turki S, Chioza BA, Cross H, Harlalka GV, Hurles ME, Maroofian R, Heaps AD, Morton MC, Stempak L, Hildebrandt F, Sadowski CE, Zaritsky J, Campellone K, Morton DH, Wang H, Crosby A, Strauss KA, 2015. Recessive nephrocerebellar syndrome on the Galloway-Mowat syndrome spectrum is caused by homozygous protein-truncating mutations of WDR73. Brain 138, 2173– 2190. 10.1093/brain/awv153 26070982 PMC4511861 · DOI
  172. Jo YJ, Kwon J, Jin ZL, Namgoong S, Kwon T, Yoon S. Bin, Lee DH, Kim JS, Kim NH, 2021. WHAMM is essential for spindle formation and spindle actin polymerization in maturing mouse oocytes. Cell Cycle 20, 225– 235. 10.1080/15384101.2020.1867791 33397186 PMC7889088 · DOI
  173. Kabrawala S, Zimmer MD, Campellone KG, 2020. WHIMP links the actin nucleation machinery to Src-family kinase signaling during protrusion and motility, PLoS Genetics. 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008694 PMC7112243 32196488 · DOI
  174. Kalman D, Weiner OD, Goosney DL, Sedat JW, Finaly BB, Abo A, Bishop JM, 1999. Enteropathogenic E. coli acts through WASP and Arp2/3 complex to form actin pedestals. Nat. Cell Biol 1, 389– 391. 10.1038/14087.Enteropathogenic 10559969 PMC2828053 · DOI
  175. Kang R, Tang D, Yu Y, Wang Z, Hu T, Wang H, Cao L, 2010. WAVE1 regulates Bcl-2 localization and phosphorylation in leukemia cells. Leukemia 24, 177– 186. 10.1038/leu.2009.224 19890377 PMC2866426 · DOI
  176. Kast DJ, Zajac AL, Holzbaur ELF, Ostap EM, Dominguez R, 2015. WHAMM Directs the Arp2/3 Complex to the ER for Autophagosome Biogenesis through an Actin Comet Tail Mechanism. Curr. Biol 25, 1791– 1797. 10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.042 26096974 PMC4489997 · DOI
  177. Katanov C, Novak N, Vainshtein A, Golani O, Dupree JL, Peles E, 2020. N-wasp regulates oligodendrocyte myelination. J. Neurosci 40, 6103– 6111. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0912-20.2020 32601246 PMC7406274 · DOI
  178. Kato K, Oka Y, Muramatsu H, Vasilev FF, Otomo T, Oishi H, Kawano Y, Kidokoro H, Nakazawa Y, Ogi T, Takahashi Y, Saitoh S, 2020. Biallelic VPS35L pathogenic variants cause 3C/Ritscher-Schinzel-like syndrome through dysfunction of retriever complex. J. Med. Genet 57, 245– 253. 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106213 31712251 · DOI
  179. Kato M, Miki H, Kurita S, Endo T, Nakagawa H, Miyamoto S, Takenawa T, 2002. WICH, a novel verprolin homology domain-containing protein that functions cooperatively with N-WASP in actin-microspike formation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 291, 41– 47. 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6406 11829459 · DOI
  180. Kawazu M, Ueno T, Kontani K, Ogita Y, Ando M, Fukumura K, Yamato A, Soda M, Takeuchi K, Miki Y, Yamaguchi H, Yasuda T, Naoe T, Yamashita Y, Katada T, Choi YL, Mano H, 2013. Transforming mutations of RAC guanosine triphosphatases in human cancers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 110, 3029– 3034. 10.1073/pnas.1216141110 23382236 PMC3581941 · DOI
  181. Keb G, Ferrell J, Scanlon KR, Jewett TJ, Fields KA, 2021. Chlamydia trachomatis tmea directly activates N-WASP to promote actin polymerization and functions synergistically with TarP during invasion. MBio 12, 1– 18. 10.1128/mBio.02861-20 PMC7845632 33468693 · DOI
  182. Kenney D, Cairns L, Remold-O’Donnell E, Peterson J, Rosen FS, Parkman R, 1986. Morphological abnormalities in the lymphocytes of patients with the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. Blood 68, 1329– 1332. 10.1182/blood.v68.6.1329.1329 3779101 · DOI
  183. Kim AS, Kakalis LT, Abdul-Manan N, Liu GA, Rosen MK, 2000. Autoinhibition and activation mechanisms of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein. Nature 404, 151– 158. 10.1038/35004513 10724160 · DOI
  184. Kim JH, Jin P, Duan R, Chen EH, 2015. Mechanisms of myoblast fusion during muscle development. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev 32, 162– 170. 10.1016/j.gde.2015.03.006 25989064 PMC4508005 · DOI
  185. Kim S, Kalappurakkal JM, Mayor S, Rosen MK, 2019. Phosphorylation of nephrin induces phase separated domains that move through actomyosin contraction. Mol. Biol. Cell 30, 2996– 3012. 10.1091/mbc.E18-12-0823 31599693 PMC6857567 · DOI
  186. Kim Y, Sung JY, Ceglia I, Lee KW, Ahn JH, Halford JM, Kim AM, Kwak SP, Park JB, Ho Ryu S, Schenck A, Bardoni B, Scott JD, Nairn AC, Greengard P, 2006. Phosphorylation of WAVE1 regulates actin polymerization and dendritic spine morphology. Nature 442, 814– 817. 10.1038/nature04976 16862120 · DOI · Paper page
  187. King JS, Gueho A, Hagedorn M, Gopaldass N, Leuba F, Soldati T, Insall RH, 2013. WASH is required for lysosomal recycling and efficient autophagic and phagocytic digestion. Mol. Biol. Cell 24, 2714– 2726. 10.1091/mbc.E13-02-0092 23885127 PMC3756923 · DOI
  188. King VL, Leclair NK, Coulter AM, Campellone KG, 2021. The actin nucleation factors JMY and WHAMM enable a rapid Arp2/3 complex-mediated intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, PLoS Genetics. 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009512 PMC8084344 33872315 · DOI
  189. Kirkpatrick SL, Goldberg LR, Yazdani N, Babbs RK, Wu J, Reed ER, Jenkins DF, Bolgioni AF, Landaverde KI, Luttik KP, Mitchell KS, Kumar V, Johnson WE, Mulligan MK, Cottone P, Bryant CD, 2017. Cytoplasmic FMR1-Interacting Protein 2 Is a Major Genetic Factor Underlying Binge Eating. Biol. Psychiatry 81, 757– 769. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.10.021 27914629 PMC5386810 · DOI · Paper page
  190. Kitamura T, Kitamura Y, Yonezawa K, Totty NF, Gout I, Hara K, Waterfield MD, Sakaue M, Ogawa W, Kasuga M, 1996. Molecular cloning of p125Nap1, a protein that associates with an SH3 domain of Nck. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 219, 509– 514. 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0264 8605018 · DOI
  191. Kitamura Y, Tsuchiya D, Takata K, Shibagaki K, Taniguchi T, Smith MA, Perry G, Miki H, Takenawa T, Shimohama S, 2003. Possible involvement of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family in aberrant neuronal sprouting in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurosci. Lett 346, 149– 152. 10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00506-8 12853106 · DOI
  192. Kluge F, Weissbach J, Weber A, Stradal T, Posern G, 2018. Regulation of MRTF-A by JMY via a nucleation-independent mechanism. Cell Commun. Signal 16, 1– 14. 10.1186/s12964-018-0299-x 30463620 PMC6249979 · DOI
  193. Kolanczyk M, Krawitz P, Hecht J, Hupalowska A, Miaczynska M, Marschner K, Schlack C, Emmerich D, Kobus K, Kornak U, Robinson PN, Plecko B, Grangl G, Uhrig S, Mundlos S, Horn D, 2015. Missense variant in CCDC22 causes X-linked recessive intellectual disability with features of Ritscher-Schinzel/3C syndrome. Eur. J. Hum. Genet 23, 633– 638. 10.1038/ejhg.2014.109 24916641 PMC4402616 · DOI
  194. Kollmar M, Lbik D, Enge S, 2012. Evolution of the eukaryotic ARP2/3 activators of the WASP family: WASP, WAVE, WASH, and WHAMM, and the proposed new family members WAWH and WAML. BMC Res. Notes 5. 10.1186/1756-0500-5-88 PMC3298513 22316129 · DOI
  195. Kolluri R, Shehabeldin A, Peacocke M, 1995. Identification of WASP mutations in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and isolated thrombocytopenia reveals allelic heterogeneity at the WAS locus. Hum. Mol. Genet 4, 1119– 1126. 8528198
  196. Kong R, Yi F, Wen P, Liu J, Chen X, Ren J, Li X, Shang Y, Nie Y, Wu K, Fan D, Zhu L, Feng W, Wu JY, 2015. Myo9b is a key player in SLIT/ROBO-mediated lung tumor suppression. J. Clin. Invest 125, 4407– 4420. 10.1172/JCI81673 26529257 PMC4665778 · DOI
  197. Koronakis V, Hume PJ, Humphreys D, Liu T, Horning O, Jensen ON, McGhie EJ, 2011. WAVE regulatory complex activation by cooperating GTPases Arf and Rac1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 108, 14449– 14454. 10.1073/pnas.1107666108 21844371 PMC3167530 · DOI · Paper page
  198. Koronakis Vassilis, Hume PJ, Humphreys D, Liu T, Hørning O, Jensen ON, McGhie EJ, 2011. WAVE regulatory complex activation by cooperating GTPases Arf and Rac1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 108, 14449– 14454. 10.1073/pnas.1107666108 21844371 PMC3167530 · DOI · Paper page
  199. Kovacs EM, Verma S, Ali RG, Ratheesh A, Hamilton NA, Akhmanova A, Yap AS, 2011. N-WASP regulates the epithelial junctional actin cytoskeleton through a non-canonical post-nucleation pathway. Nat. Cell Biol 13, 934– 943. 10.1038/ncb2290 21785420 · DOI
  200. Krauthammer M, Kong Y, Ha BH, Evans P, Bacchiocchi A, McCusker JP, Cheng E, Davis MJ, Goh G, Choi M, Ariyan S, Narayan D, Dutton-Regester K, Capatana A, Holman EC, Bosenberg M, Sznol M, Kluger HM, Brash DE, Stern DF, Materin MA, Lo RS, Mane S, Ma S, Kidd KK, Hayward NK, Lifton RP, Schlessinger J, Boggon TJ, Halaban R, 2012. Exome sequencing identifies recurrent somatic RAC1 mutations in melanoma. Nat. Genet 44, 1006– 1014. 10.1038/ng.2359 22842228 PMC3432702 · DOI · Paper page

200 of 463 shown

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kramer, D. A., Piper, H. K., & Chen, B.
Affiliations
Iowa State University (US)
Corresponding author
Chen, Baoyu
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Cell Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-06
Volume
101
Issue
3
Pages
151244
ISSN
0171-9335 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151244
PMC
PMC9357188
OpenAlex
W4281644847
Cited by
57
References
14
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 3
FWCI
5.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2023-03-01)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • European Journal of Cell Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (CDF-2047640, SSB-2148534)
  • National Institutes of Health (R33 DA050837, R35 GM128786)
  • American Heart Association (19IPLOI34660134)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Keywords
WASP family proteins, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, actin cytoskeleton dynamics, Arp2/3 complex, branched actin networks, signal transduction, human disease
MeSH terms
Actins, Cytoskeleton, Humans, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family, Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review