Cited by 705Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsRedox biology and oxidative stress

Regulation of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase

Kleinert, Hartmut, Pautz, Andrea, Linker, Katrin, Schwarz, Petra M.·2004·European Journal of Pharmacology

Abstract

The role of nitric oxide (NO) generated by the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is very complex. Induction of iNOS expression and hence NO production has been described to have beneficial antiviral, antiparasital, microbicidal, immunomodulatory, and antitumoral effects. However, induced at the wrong place or at the wrong time, iNOS has detrimental consequences and seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of different human diseases. The pathways regulating iNOS expression seem to vary in different cells or different species. In general, activation of the transcription factors nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1alpha and thereby activation of the iNOS promoter seems to be an essential step in the regulation of iNOS expression in most cells. Also, post-transcriptional mechanisms are critically involved in the regulation of iNOS expression.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.030

Cites

125 of 125 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Inducible NOS is expressed in multiple cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli such as endotoxin and cytokines.

    “This isoform is expressed in multiple cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli such as that induced by endotoxin and cytokines, e.g. interleukin-1 and -2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ (27, 32).”
  • For inducible NOS to kill microbes, parasites, or cancer cells, high levels of NO are needed to destroy FeS centers and respiratory proteins in the target organism.

    “At the extreme of this spectrum, it is known that for inducible NOS to kill microbes, parasites, or cancer cells, high levels of NO are needed to destroy FeS centers and respiratory proteins in the target organism (28, 31, 32, 46).”
  • NOS2 has the highest capacity to generate NO and is expressed in multiple cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli.

    “NOS2 (also termed inducible NOS or iNOS), which has the highest capacity to generate NO, is expressed in multiple cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli [75, 76].”

    From Regulation of obesity and insulin resistance by nitric oxide (2014) · cites this paper as [76]

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Authors
Kleinert, H., Pautz, A., Linker, K., & Schwarz, P. M.
Affiliations
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
Corresponding author
Kleinert, Hartmut
Venue
European Journal of Pharmacology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-10
Volume
500
Issue
1-3
Pages
255-266
ISSN
0014-2999 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2096015727
Cited by
705
References
125
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 75
FWCI
3.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Journal of Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Keywords
inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, NF-κB, STAT1, iNOS promoter, transcription factors, post-transcriptional regulation
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Promoter Regions, Genetic, RNA, Messenger, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Protein Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II

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