The DOI matches its Crossref record; 194 of the 194 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distribution, behaviour, bioavailability and remediation of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in solid biowastes and biowaste-treated soil
Open accessAbstract
Aqueous film-forming foam, used in firefighting, and biowastes, including biosolids, animal and poultry manures, and composts, provide a major source of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) input to soil. Large amounts of biowastes are added to soil as a source of nutrients and carbon. They also are added as soil amendments to improve soil health and crop productivity. Plant uptake of PFAS through soil application of biowastes is a pathway for animal and human exposure to PFAS. The complexity of PFAS mixtures, and their chemical and thermal stability, make remediation of PFAS in both solid and aqueous matrices challenging. Remediation of PFAS in biowastes, as well as soils treated with these biowastes, can be achieved through preventing and decreasing the concentration of PFAS in biowaste sources (i.e., prevention through source control), mobilization of PFAS in contaminated soil and subsequent removal through leaching (i.e., soil washing) and plant uptake (i.e., phytoremediation), sorption of PFAS, thereby decreasing their mobility and bioavailability (i.e., immobilization), and complete removal through thermal and chemical oxidation (i.e., destruction). In this review, the distribution, bioavailability, and remediation of PFAS in soil receiving solid biowastes, which include biosolids, composts, and manure, are presented.
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“The variation in the extent of contamination reported in both studies as well in our study is likely due to differences in PFAS concentrations in applied biosolids that largely hinge on wastewater influent sources.42”
From Sources and Pathways of PFAS Occurrence in Water Sources: Relative Contribution of Land-Applied Biosolids in an Agricultural Dominated Watershed (2025) · cites this paper as [42]
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Baskar, A. V., Bolan, N. S., Hoang, S. A., Sooriyakumar, P., Kumar, M., Singh, L., Jasemizad, T., Padhye, L. P., Singh, G., Vinu, A., et al. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153555 · Cited by 646
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bolan, N., Sarkar, B., Vithanage, M., Singh, G., Tsang, D. C. W., Mukhopadhyay, R., Ramadass, K., Vinu, A., Sun, Y., Ramanayaka, S., Hoang, S. A., Yan, Y., Li, Y., Rinklebe, J., Li, H., & Kirkham, M. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- University of Sri Jayewardenepura (LK)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (IN)
- Huaiyin Normal University (CN)
- Beijing Normal University (CN)
- University of Wuppertal (DE)
- Sejong University (KR)
- Kansas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bolan, Nanthi
- Rinklebe, Jörg
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environment International
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-10
- Volume
- 155
- Pages
- 106600
- ISSN
- 0160-4120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3159291720
- Cited by
- 185
- References
- 193
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 8
- FWCI
- 10.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Environment International (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UniSA Research Outputs Repository (University of South Australia) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
- Keywords
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS, organic waste, biosolids, poultry manure, livestock manure, compost, soil contamination, PFAS remediation, phytoremediation, soil washing, sorption, source control, plant uptake, aqueous film-forming foam, firefighting foam
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biodegradation, Environmental, Biological Availability, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Soil, Soil Pollutants
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