Pre- and postnatal exposure of mice to concentrated urban PM2.5 decreases the number of alveoli and leads to altered lung function at an early stage of life
Open accessAbstract
Gestational exposure to air pollution is associated with negative outcomes in newborns and children. In a previous study, we demonstrated a synergistic negative effect of pre- and postnatal exposure to PM 2.5 on lung development in mice. However, the means by which air pollution affects development of the lung have not yet been identified. In this study, we exposed pregnant BALB/c mice and their offspring to concentrated urban PM 2.5 (from São Paulo, Brazil; target dose 600 μg/m 3 for 1 h daily). Exposure was started on embryonic day 5.5 (E5.5, time of placental implantation). Lung tissue of fetuses and offspring was submitted to stereological and transcriptomic analyses at E14.5 (pseudoglandular stage of lung development), E18.5 (saccular stage) and P40 (postnatal day 40, alveolarized lung). Additionally, lung function and cellularity of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were studied in offspring animals at P40. Compared to control animals that were exposed to filtered air throughout gestation and postnatal life, PM-exposed mice exhibited higher lung elastance and a lower alveolar number at P40 whilst the total lung volume and cellularity of BAL fluid were not affected. Glandular and saccular structures of fetal lungs were not altered upon gestational exposure; transcriptomic signatures, however, showed changes related to DNA damage and its regulation, inflammation and regulation of cell proliferation. A differential expression was validated at E14.5 for the candidates Sox8, Angptl4 and Gas1. Our data substantiate the in utero biomolecular effect of gestational exposure to air pollution and provide first-time stereological evidence that pre- and early life-postnatal exposure compromise lung development, leading to a reduced number of alveoli and an impairment of lung function in the adult mouse.
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Gestational exposure to concentrated urban PM2.5 and PM0.1 from São Paulo did not substantially alter glandular and saccular structures of fetal lungs, but offspring showed significantly lower alveolar number and higher lung elastance at postnatal day 40.
“While glandular and saccular structures of fetal lungs were not substantially altered following gestational exposure to concentrated urban PM2.5 and PM0.1 from São Paulo, offspring showed significantly lower alveolar number and higher lung elastance at postnatal day 40.”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [107]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredGenes related to DNA damage, cell proliferation, and inflammation were differentially expressed in fetal lung after gestational exposure to concentrated urban PM2.5 and PM0.1.
“Genes related to DNA damage, cell proliferation, and inflammation were differentially expressed in the fetal lung suggesting a complex interplay of pathways influencing long-term lung alterations.”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [107]
The Discussion reports differential expression of fetal-lung genes linked to DNA damage, inflammation, and cell proliferation after gestational PM2.5 exposure. It also suggests that multiple pathways may contribute to later lung effects. The source does not establish the claim’s additional PM0.1 exposure. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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“Subsequent research by this group substantiates these structural and functional defects [107].”
Background
- Authors
- de Barros Mendes Lopes, T., Groth, E. E., Veras, M., Furuya, T. K., de Souza Xavier Costa, N., Ribeiro Júnior, G., Lopes, F. D., de Almeida, F. M., Cardoso, W. V., Saldiva, P. H. N., Chammas, R., & Mauad, T.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environmental Pollution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-10
- Volume
- 241
- Pages
- 511-520
- ISSN
- 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6407120
- OpenAlex
- W2805674956
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 3.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology – National Institute of Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INCT-INAIRA)
- Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (573813/2006-6)
- São Paulo Research Foundation (08/577717-6)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Keywords
- PM2.5, urban air pollution, prenatal exposure, postnatal exposure, lung development, alveolar number, lung function, lung elastance, bronchoalveolar lavage, DNA damage, inflammation, cell proliferation, Sox8, ANGPTL4, GAS1, fetal lung, mouse model
- MeSH terms
- Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4, Air Pollution, Animals, Brazil, DNA Damage, Elasticity, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Lung, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Pulmonary Alveoli, Time Factors, Cell Cycle Proteins, Mice, Particulate Matter, SOXE Transcription Factors, GPI-Linked Proteins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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