Cited by 109Microplastics and Plastic PollutionEnvironmental Toxicology and EcotoxicologyPharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts

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Significant decline of Daphnia magna population biomass due to microplastic exposure

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Bosker, Thijs, Olthof, Gabriël, Vijver, Martina G., Baas, Jan, Barmentlo, S. Henrik·2019·Environmental Pollution

DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.067

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Abstract

Even though microplastics are intensively studied, the focus of the research is mainly on relatively short term effects at high doses. Therefore there is a need to shift the focus toward more realistic, longer-term endpoints. Studies with a range of chemicals have shown that the response of populations often differs from studies in which a single organism is exposed in an individual container (as often described within standard ecotox screening assays). Here we investigate the impact of primary microplastics (1-5 μm in size) on a population of Daphnia magna. We first allowed a stable population of D. magna to develop over 29 d, after which the populations were exposed to microplastics for three weeks (concentrations ranging from 10 2 to 10 5 particles mL-1 and a control). We found a significant impact of microplastics on the total population of D. magna, with a reduction in the amount of adult daphnids. Importantly, when expressed as total biomass, exposure to 10 5 microplastics mL-1 resulted in a 21% reduction in total biomass compared to control. These results indicate that exposure to microplastics can result in significant adverse effects on the population of D. magna, including a reduction in the number of individuals as well as total biomass. Given the importance of D. magna in freshwater food webs, both as a grazer as well as a food source, this can potentially impact the functioning of the ecosystem.

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Dioses-Salinas, D. C., Pérez-Baca, B. L., & De-la-Torre, G. E. (2019) · Manglar · doi:10.17268/manglar.2019.024 · Cited by 8
“Bosker et al. (2019) conducted an assay investigating the impact of PS (1 – 5 µm) on a population of cladoceran Daphnia magna.”
Method
The effects of polystyrene microplastics on feeding, growth, and trophic upgrading of protozoan grazers
Zhou, F., Wang, Y., Liu, X., Xu, S., Chen, D., & Wang, X. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175986 · Cited by 7
Uptake of Microplastics by a Tropical Freshwater Cladocera Revealed by Polyethylene Terephthalate Fluorescence
Portugal, S. D. G. M., Oses, C. A. B., Thiago, M. G. R., & Branco, C. W. C. (2021) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-021-05291-0 · Cited by 6
Microplastics drive community dynamics of periphytic protozoan fauna in marine environments
Wang, N., Wang, Q., Song, S., Sun, Z., Zhao, A., Ali, A., Xu, G., Zhong, X., Wang, F., & Xu, H. (2024) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-024-32054-1 · Cited by 6
“…MPs affect the growth, development, and reproduction of phytoplankton (e.g., microalgae) and zooplankton (e.g., rotifers, daphnia, ciliates, and copepods) in freshwater biotopes (Agasild and Nõges 2005; Allan et al. 2021; Bosker et al. 2019; Chen et al. 2020; Setälä et al. 2014; Wu et al. 2023).”
Transgenerational Effects of Atrazine on Daphnia magna Based on Life-History Traits and Population Dynamics
Wang, J., Li, M., Gu, L., Sun, Y., Zhu, X., & Yang, Z. (2024) · Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00128-024-03983-x · Cited by 5
“Similarly, the carrying capacity of D. magna populations decreased in the presence of microplastic-induced food limitations (Bosker et al. 2019).”
Intraspecific interactions affect outcomes of pulse toxicity at different Daphnia magna population phases
Woo, T. J., East, A., & Salice, C. J. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115398 · Cited by 5
Microplastics in river sediment: Chronic exposure of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum to polyethylene terephthalate in a microcosm
Erni-Cassola, G., Ebner, J. N., Blattner, L. A., & Burkhardt‐Holm, P. (2023) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132874 · Cited by 6
Automated counting and classifying Daphnia magna using machine vision
Ma, Y., Xiao, W., Wang, J., Kuang, X., Mo, R., He, Y., Feng, J., Wei, H., Zheng, L., Li, Y., et al. (2024) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107126 · Cited by 4
Dissolved organic carbon and microplastics decrease the biodiversity effect on resource use efficiency of crustacean zooplankton
Peng, Y., Xu, N., Su, H., Rao, Q., Cheng, C., Chen, J., Wen, X.-L., & Xie, P. (2025) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118290 · Cited by 4
Microplastics Abundance in Aquatic Environment and its Impact on Macrobenthos
THAKUR, Y. P., Jindal, R., & Sinha, R. (2025) · Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00027-025-01205-y · Cited by 3
“A chronic experimental setup lasting 3 weeks where daphnids were exposed to 102–105 particles/ml of MPs resulted in a decrease in the total number of adult daphnids (Bosker et al. 2019; Trotter et al. 2021).”
Getting over it? A proteomic analysis of mechanisms driving multigenerational acclimation to organic ultraviolet filters in Daphnia magna
Boyd, A., Lummer, C., Mehta, D., Uhrig, R. G., & Blewett, T. A. (2025) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126934 · Cited by 3
Freshwater systems in the Anthropocene: why we need to evaluate microplastics in the context of multiple stressors
Giles, R. K., & Hamilton, B. M. (2024) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.145488.1 · Cited by 3
Distinct Effect of Benzophenone-3 Additive Leaching from Polyethylene Microplastics on Daphnia magna Population Dynamics
Cao, Z., Kim, C., Song, J., Li, Z., & Jung, J. (2025) · Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00128-024-03995-7 · Cited by 3
Combined effects of the pesticide spinetoram and the cyanobacterium Microcystis on the water flea Daphnia pulex
Shen, Q., Zhan, Y., Jia, X., Li, B., Zhu, X., & Gao, T. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-18617-0 · Cited by 3
The combined effect of temperature and microplastics on Daphnia pulex Leydig, 1860 (Cladocera)
Reyes-Santillán, M. C., Nandini, S., & Sarma, S. S. S. (2025) · Inland Waters · doi:10.1080/20442041.2025.2450945 · Cited by 3
“For instance, Bosker et al. (2019) found that microplastics significantly decreased the population growth rates of Daphnia magna .”
Microplastics Contamination in the Environment: An Ecotoxicological Concern
Sreelakshmi, T., & C, C. K. (2021) · International Journal of Zoological Investigations · doi:10.33745/ijzi.2021.v07i01.019 · Cited by 3
“A study conducted at Leiden University, Netherlands reported a reduction in the total population and biomass of Daphnia magna exposed to microplastics under the laboratory condition thereby affect the population dynamics of the freshwater ecosystems (Bosker et al., 2019).”
Background
Effect assessment of nano- and microplastics in freshwater ecosystems
Redondo‐Hasselerharm, P. E. (2020) · doi:10.18174/533220 · Cited by 3
Microplastic-induced reductions in population abundance and body size of soil nematodes
Sabaani, N., Bacosa, H. P., Paradero, J. T. C., Pardillo, J. J. B., Maglupay, J. R. U., Casas, P. I., Madamba, M. R. S. B., & Martinez, J. G. (2026) · Microplastics and Nanoplastics · doi:10.1186/s43591-026-00175-8 · Cited by 2
“For example, exposure of Dapnia magna to MPs resulted in a 21% reduction in total biomass [18].”
Zooplankton Communities: Diversity in Time and Space
Thackeray, S. J., & Beisner, B. E. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822701-5.00019-7 · Cited by 2
Can microplastics variability drive the colonization dynamics of periphytic protozoan fauna in marine environments?
Sun, Y., Wang, N., Zhong, X., & Xu, G. (2024) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117148 · Cited by 2
Ecosystem-level effects
Welden, N. A. C. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13324-4.00005-4 · Cited by 2
Ecotoxicological effects of coal fly ash on Daphnia magna: The effect of particulates and leached hazardous trace elements
Bai, X., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Xu, Z., Jiang, J., Liu, X., Hu, J., & Luo, P. (2025) · Desalination and Water Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.dwt.2025.101410 · Cited by 1
Oxidative and Antioxidant Responses in Daphnia magna Following Exposure to Sub-Lethal Glyphosate Concentrations
Sahilli, Y. Ç., & Korkmaz, V. (2025) · Biology Bulletin · doi:10.1134/s106235902560922x · Cited by 1
“For example, increased antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation have been observed in D. magna exposed to sublethal concentrations of copper (Cu 2+ ) (Barata et al., 2005) while exposure to microplastics has led to reduced reproductive rates and increased mortality (Bosker et al., 2019).”
Global assessment of microplastics: Leveraging MP-TOX scale for predicting ecological risk in aquatic ecosystems
Zehra, A., & Anbumani, S. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141738 · Cited by 1
Engineering a capture–bioremediate–release microbial biofilm for simultaneous bioremediation of microplastics and adsorbed heavy metals
Wei, W., & Chua, S. L. (2026) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2026.06.004 · Cited by 1
Microplastics in the Biotic Systems
Ramkumar, M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10729-0_9 · Cited by 1
The complexity of micro-and nanoplastic research in the genus Daphnia – A systematic review of study variability and meta-analysis of immobilization ratesPreprint
Brehm, J., Ritschar, S., Laforsch, C., & Mair, M. M. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.03.24.534107 · Cited by 1
“(2019) [202] 895 for example counted the offspring over generations to estimate the effects on Daphnia's 896 population and found a significant decline in D.”
Background
Ecotoxicological Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Microplastics on the Growth, Reproduction and Survival of Daphnia magna
Polat, C., Yağcılar, Ç., & Yardımcı, M. (2025) · International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences · doi:10.29132/ijpas.1811854
Tissue translocation, multigenerational and population effects of microplastics in Daphnia magna
Schür, C. (2021) · Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) · doi:10.21248/gups.64585
Mikroplastik in limnischen Ökosystemen : Vorkommen, Interaktion mit Biota und Toxizität
Weber, A. (2021) · Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) · doi:10.21248/gups.64609
Peer Review #1 of "Virgin and UV-weathered polyamide microplastics posed no effect on the survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna (v0.1)"
(2022) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.13533v0.1/reviews/1
Peer Review #2 of "Virgin and UV-weathered polyamide microplastics posed no effect on the survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna (v0.1)"
(2022) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.13533v0.1/reviews/2
Efeitos ecotoxicológicos de cetoconazol combinado a microplásticos virgens e envelhecidos em Daphnia similis
Ishii, K. Y. (2022) · doi:10.11606/d.97.2022.tde-26102022-103927

Authors: Bosker, T., Olthof, G., Vijver, M. G., Baas, J., & Barmentlo, S. H.
Affiliations: Leiden University (NL)
Corresponding author: Bosker, Thijs
ORCID: Bosker, Thijs
Vijver, Martina G.
Barmentlo, S. Henrik
Venue: Environmental Pollution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-07
Volume: 250
Pages: 669-675
ISSN: 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.067
OpenAlex: W2938902084
Cited by: 109
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4
FWCI: 4.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) (acceptedVersion)
Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Keywords: microplastics, Daphnia magna, population biomass, long-term exposure, primary microplastics, freshwater zooplankton, population decline (ecology), freshwater food webs, ecotoxicology
MeSH terms: Animals, Daphnia, Fresh Water, Plastics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Ecosystem, Biomass

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Significant decline of Daphnia magna population biomass due to microplastic exposure

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