The DOI matches its Crossref record; 125 of the 126 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Artificial intelligence in education: A systematic literature review
Open accessAbstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in education (AIED) has evolved into a substantial body of literature with diverse perspectives. In this review paper, we seek insights into three critical questions: (1) What are the primary categories of AI applications explored in the education field? (2) What are the predominant research topics and their key findings? (3) What is the status of major research design elements, including guiding theories, methodologies, and research contexts? A bibliometric analysis of 2,223 research articles followed by a content analysis of selected 125 papers reveals a comprehensive conceptual structure of the existing literature. The extant AIED research spans a wide spectrum of applications, encompassing those for adaptive learning and personalized tutoring, intelligent assessment and management, profiling and prediction, and emerging products. Research topics delve into both the technical design of education systems and the examination of the adoption, impacts, and challenges associated with AIED. Furthermore, this review highlights the diverse range of theories applied in the AIED literature, the multidisciplinary nature of publication venues, and underexplored research areas. In sum, this research offers valuable insights for interested scholars to comprehend the current state of AIED research and identify future research opportunities in this dynamic field.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The rapid evolution and widespread availability of generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI) tools have significantly reshaped the landscape of higher education (Samala et al., 2025; S. Wang et al., 2024).”
From Six Institutional Intervention Areas to Support Ethical and Effective Student Use of Generative AI in Higher Education: A Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as S. Wang et al., 2024
In the citing paper
“This diversity suggests that the topic transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries, attracting attention from both educational technology specialists and researchers in broader pedagogical and computational domains [37].”
From Systematic review of artificial intelligence in education: trends, benefits, and challenges (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
In the citing paper
“Compared to earlier studies [19,37], this analysis offers a deeper categorization and highlights the tension between AI's potential and its limitations.”
From Systematic review of artificial intelligence in education: trends, benefits, and challenges (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
In the citing paper
“These findings align with research by Younas et al. [59] and Wang et al. [37], which have also found that intelligent tutoring systems and gamified AI applications promote student interest and self-directed learning.”
From Systematic review of artificial intelligence in education: trends, benefits, and challenges (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
Citations
Cites
bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis
Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017) · Journal of Informetrics · doi:10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007 · Cited by 16,064
How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines
Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070 · Cited by 14,329
Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines
Snyder, H. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039 · Cited by 11,524
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0 · Cited by 7,242
The associative basis of the creative process.
Mednick, S. (1962) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0048850 · Cited by 4,140
Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review
Chen, L., Chen, P., & Lin, Z. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.2988510 · Cited by 4,133
Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience
Mirvis, P. H., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1991) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258925 · Cited by 3,758
Learning and Teaching Styles in Engineering Education.
Felder, R. M., & Silverman, L. K. (1988) · Cited by 3,475
Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in higher education
Popenici, S. A. D., & Kerr, S. (2017) · Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning · doi:10.1186/s41039-017-0062-8 · Cited by 2,019
Part I: Cognitive development in children: Piaget development and learning
Piaget, J. (1964) · Journal of Research in Science Teaching · doi:10.1002/tea.3660020306 · Cited by 1,802
Artificial intelligence in education: Addressing ethical challenges in K-12 settings
Akgun, S., & Greenhow, C. (2022) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-021-00096-7 · Cited by 1,473
Vision, challenges, roles and research issues of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Hwang, G.-J., Xie, H., Wah, B. W., & Gašević, D. (2020) · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2020.100001 · Cited by 1,435
(2016) · Open Research Online (The Open University) · Cited by 1,410
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, D. L., Coombs, C., Constantiou, I., Duan, Y., Edwards, J. S., Gupta, B., Lal, B., Misra, S., Prashant, P., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102211 · Cited by 1,232
Chiu, T. K. F., Xia, Q., Zhou, X., Chai, C. S., & Cheng, M. (2023) · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100118 · Cited by 1,181
Application and theory gaps during the rise of artificial intelligence in education
Chen, X., Xie, H., Zou, D., & Hwang, G.-J. (2020) · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2020.100002 · Cited by 1,003
Artificial Intelligence in Education: The Three Paradigms
Ouyang, F., & Jiao, P. (2021) · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100020 · Cited by 991
The promises and challenges of artificial intelligence for teachers: A systematic review of research
Celik, I., Dindar, M., Muukkonen, H., & Järvelä, S. (2022) · TechTrends · doi:10.1007/s11528-022-00715-y · Cited by 984
Artificial Intelligence trends in education: a narrative overview
Chassignol, M., Khoroshavin, A., Klimova, A., & Bilyatdinova, A. (2018) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2018.08.233 · Cited by 956
Effectiveness of Intelligent Tutoring Systems: A Meta-Analytic Review
Kulik, J. A., & Fletcher, J. D. (2016) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654315581420 · Cited by 930
Chatbots applications in education: A systematic review
Okonkwo, C. W., & Ade-Ibijola, A. (2021) · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100033 · Cited by 879
Predicting academic performance of students from VLE big data using deep learning models
Waheed, H., Hassan, S., Aljohani, N. R., Hardman, J., Alelyani, S., & Nawaz, R. (2019) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.106189 · Cited by 676
Artificial intelligence innovation in education: A twenty-year data-driven historical analysis
Guan, C., Mou, J., & Jiang, Z. (2020) · International Journal of Innovation Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijis.2020.09.001 · Cited by 665
Hwang, G., & Tu, Y. (2021) · Mathematics · doi:10.3390/math9060584 · Cited by 558
Intelligent tutoring systems: an overview
Nwana, H. (1990) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/bf00168958 · Cited by 531
Sit, C., Srinivasan, R., Amlani, A., Muthuswamy, K., Azam, A., Monzon, L., & Poon, D. S. (2020) · Insights into Imaging · doi:10.1186/s13244-019-0830-7 · Cited by 507
Artificial Intelligence for Student Assessment: A Systematic Review
González-Calatayud, V., Prendes-Espinosa, P., & Roig-Vila, R. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app11125467 · Cited by 503
The application of AI technologies in STEM education: a systematic review from 2011 to 2021
Xu, W., & Ouyang, F. (2022) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-022-00377-5 · Cited by 495
Rediscovering the use of chatbots in education: A systematic literature review
Pérez, J. Q., Daradoumis, T., & Puig, J. M. M. (2020) · Computer Applications in Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/cae.22326 · Cited by 483
Costa, E. D. B., Fonseca, B., Santana, M. A., de Araújo, F. F., & Rego, J. B. A. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.047 · Cited by 462
Fryer, L. K., Ainley, M., Thompson, A., Gibson, A., & Sherlock, Z. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.045 · Cited by 448
Evaluating Bayesian networks’ precision for detecting students’ learning styles
García, P., Amandi, A., Schiaffino, S., & Campo, M. (2005) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2005.11.017 · Cited by 445
Ctb, Green, D. R., Ford, M. P., & Flamer, G. B. (1971) · McGraw-Hill eBooks · Cited by 420
Hinojo-Lucena, F.-J., Aznar-Díaz, I., Cáceres-Reche, M.-P., & Romero-Rodríguez, J.-M. (2019) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci9010051 · Cited by 400
Personalized Education in the Artificial Intelligence Era: What to Expect Next
Maghsudi, S., Lan, A., Xu, J., & van der Schaar, M. (2021) · IEEE Signal Processing Magazine · doi:10.1109/msp.2021.3055032 · Cited by 383
Chen, X., Xie, H., & Hwang, G. (2020) · Computers and Education Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2020.100005 · Cited by 379
An Introduction to Information Systems
Whiteley, D. (2013) · doi:10.1007/978-1-137-08467-5 · Cited by 377
Measuring perceived sociability of computer-supported collaborative learning environments
Kreijns, K., Kirschner, P. A., Jochems, W. M. G., & van Buuren, H. (2005) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2005.05.004 · Cited by 302
Deep learning goes to school: toward a relational understanding of AI in education
Perrotta, C., & Selwyn, N. (2020) · Learning, Media and Technology · doi:10.1080/17439884.2020.1686017 · Cited by 299
Should we welcome robot teachers?
SHARKEY, A. J. C. (2016) · Ethics and Information Technology · doi:10.1007/s10676-016-9387-z · Cited by 277
Redefining the learning companion: the past, present, and future of educational agents
Chou, C., Chan, T.-W., & Lin, C.-J. (2003) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/s0360-1315(02)00130-6 · Cited by 270
eTeacher: Providing personalized assistance to e-learning students
Schiaffino, S., Garcia, P., & Amandi, A. (2008) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2008.05.008 · Cited by 269
Liu, S., Liu, S., Liu, Z., Peng, X., & Yang, Z. (2022) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104461 · Cited by 269
Online Diagnostic Assessment in Support of Personalized Teaching and Learning: The eDia System
Csapó, B., & Molnár, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01522 · Cited by 256
Lin, C. F., Yeh, Y., Hung, Y. H., & Chang, R.-I. (2013) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.05.009 · Cited by 250
An analysis of children’ interaction with an AI chatbot and its impact on their interest in reading
Liu, C.-C., Liao, M.-G., Chang, C.-H., & Lin, H.-M. (2022) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104576 · Cited by 240
Wang, N., Wang, X., & Su, Y.-S. (2024) · Asia Pacific Journal of Education · doi:10.1080/02188791.2024.2305156 · Cited by 225
Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education
Zawacki‐Richter, O., & Jung, I. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6 · Cited by 222
Cano, E. V., Andrés, S. M., & Menéses, E. L. (2021) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-021-00269-8 · Cited by 220
An integrative debate on learning styles and the learning process
Dantas, L., & Cunha, A. (2020) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100017 · Cited by 217
Affordances and challenges of artificial intelligence in K-12 education: a systematic review
Crompton, H., Jones, M. V., & Burke, D. (2024) · Journal of Research on Technology in Education · doi:10.1080/15391523.2022.2121344 · Cited by 213
Yang, F., & Li, F. W. B. (2018) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2018.04.006 · Cited by 207
Artificial intelligence for precision education in radiology
Duong, M. T., Rauschecker, A. M., Rudie, J. D., Chen, P.-H., Cook, T. S., Bryan, R. N., & Mohan, S. (2019) · The British Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1259/bjr.20190389 · Cited by 205
Practical Guide to Conducting an Item Response Theory Analysis
Toland, M. D. (2013) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431613511332 · Cited by 197
Artificial Intelligence in Education
Göksel, N., & Bozkurt, A. (2019) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-8431-5.ch014 · Cited by 193
Predicting Instructor Performance Using Data Mining Techniques in Higher Education
Agaoglu, M. (2016) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2016.2568756 · Cited by 183
Fu, S., Hui-min, G., & Yang, B. (2020) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/bjet.12995 · Cited by 165
(2021) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 163
Developing an assessment-centered e-Learning system for improving student learning effectiveness
Wang, T. (2013) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.12.002 · Cited by 162
Qualitative research in business & management
Myers, M. D. (n.d.) · Cited by 158
Collaborative Writing Support Tools on the Cloud
Calvo, R. A., O'Rourke, S. T., Jones, J., Yacef, K., & Reimann, P. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2010.43 · Cited by 147
Prediction of student course selection in online higher education institutes using neural network
Kardan, A. A., Sadeghi, H., Ghidary, S. S., & Sani, M. R. F. (2013) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.01.015 · Cited by 145
Enhancing problem-solving skills with smart personal assistant technology
Winkler, R., Söllner, M., & Leimeister, J. M. (2021) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104148 · Cited by 140
Intelligent agent supported personalization for virtual learning environments
Dongming Xu, A., & Wang, H. (2005) · Decision Support Systems · doi:10.1016/j.dss.2005.05.033 · Cited by 133
Lo, J., Chan, Y.-C., & Yeh, S.-W. (2011) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.018 · Cited by 128
Artificial intelligence, computational thinking, and mathematics education
Gadanidis, G. (2017) · International Journal of Information and Learning Technology · doi:10.1108/ijilt-09-2016-0048 · Cited by 121
Discovering genres of online discussion threads via text mining
Lin, F., Hsieh, L.-S., & Chuang, F.-T. (2008) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2008.10.005 · Cited by 119
Wilson, J., Ahrendt, C., Fudge, E. A., Raiche, A., Beard, G., & MacArthur, C. (2021) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104208 · Cited by 118
A context-aware adaptive learning system using agents
Yaghmaie, M., & Bahreininejad, A. (2010) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2010.08.113 · Cited by 114
ZOSMAT: Web-based intelligent tutoring system for teaching–learning process
Keleş, A., Ocak, R., Keleş, A., & Gülcü, A. (2008) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2007.11.064 · Cited by 113
Intelligent assistance for teachers in collaborative e-learning environments
Casamayor, A., Amandi, A., & Campo, M. (2009) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.05.025 · Cited by 106
Craig, S. D., Hu, X., Graesser, A. C., Bargagliotti, A. E., Sterbinsky, A., Cheney, K. R., & Okwumabua, T. M. (2013) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.06.010 · Cited by 106
Martínez‐Maldonado, R., Clayphan, A. J., Yacef, K., & Kay, J. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2014.2365027 · Cited by 104
Hooshyar, D., Ahmad, R. B., Yousefi, M., Yusop, F. D., & Horng, S. (2015) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12099 · Cited by 97
Early Prediction of Student Learning Performance Through Data Mining: A Systematic Review
López-Zambrano, J. H., Lara, J. A., & Romero, C. (2021) · Psicothema · doi:10.7334/psicothema2021.62 · Cited by 96
Wang, T., & Park, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.634978 · Cited by 95
Aleven, V. A. W. M. M., McLaren, B. M., & Sewall, J. (2009) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2009.22 · Cited by 94
Research on the Influence of AI and VR Technology for Students’ Concentration and Creativity
Rong, Q., Lian, Q., & Tang, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.767689 · Cited by 93
Intelligent Web-based education system for adaptive learning
Valderrama, R. P., Cruz, A. C., Resendiz, A. M., & Peredo, I. (2011) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2011.05.013 · Cited by 89
Charitopoulos, A., Rangoussi, M., & Koulouriotis, D. (2020) · International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education · doi:10.1007/s40593-020-00200-8 · Cited by 89
"Competing" for a robotics education
Murphy, R. R. (2001) · IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine · doi:10.1109/100.932757 · Cited by 84
Development of a reading material recommendation system based on a knowledge engineering approach
Hsu, C.-K., Hwang, G., & Chang, C. (2009) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.12.004 · Cited by 82
Özyurt, Ö., Özyurt, H., Bakı, A., & Güven, B. (2013) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.013 · Cited by 76
Rau, M. A., Michaelis, J. E., & Fay, N. (2014) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2014.12.009 · Cited by 71
Wang, S., Yu, H., Hu, X., & Li, J. (2020) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/bjet.12998 · Cited by 71
Self-citationAndersen, R., Mørch, A. I., & Litherland, K. T. (2022) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2022.2083981 · Cited by 70
Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality Content Using 360-Degree Videos in Undergraduate Education
Kim, J., Kim, K., & Kim, W. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2022.3157250 · Cited by 68
An Interactive and Intelligent Learning System for Physics Education
Myneni, L., Narayanan, N. H., Rebello, N. S., Rouinfar, A., & Pumtambekar, S. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2013.26 · Cited by 65
Exploring Computational Thinking Skills Training Through Augmented Reality and AIoT Learning
Lin, Y., Chen, S.-Y., Tsai, C., & Lai, Y.-H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.640115 · Cited by 64
Chen, S.-Y., Lin, P.-H., & Chien, W.-C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.823078 · Cited by 62
An enhanced Bayesian model to detect students’ learning styles in Web‐based courses
García, P. S., Schiaffino, S., & Amandi, A. (2007) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2729.2007.00262.x · Cited by 61
E-Homebook System: A web-based interactive education interface
Chen, H.-M., Yu, C., & Chang, C.-S. (2005) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2005.05.003 · Cited by 56
Song, Y., & Kong, S. C. (2017) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.1177/0735633116688320 · Cited by 55
Tang, T., Li, P., & Tang, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.767295 · Cited by 49
Waalkens, M., Aleven, V. A. W. M. M., & Taatgen, N. (2012) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.07.016 · Cited by 48
Guo, W. W. (2009) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2009.10.014 · Cited by 47
Şahi̇n, M., & Yurdugül, H. (2020) · Technology Knowledge and Learning · doi:10.1007/s10758-020-09479-x · Cited by 46
Belpaeme, T., & Tanaka, F. (2021) · Digital education outlook · doi:10.1787/1c3b1d56-en · Cited by 46
Kong, S. C., Yeung, Y. Y., & Wu, X. (2008) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2008.11.011 · Cited by 44
Hsieh, T.-C., Lee, M.-C., & Su, C. (2013) · Educational Technology & Society · Cited by 44
Liu, J., Wang, L., & Zhou, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.677590 · Cited by 42
Du, Z., Wang, F., Wang, S., & Xiao, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.819640 · Cited by 39
Self-citationTurner, J. R., & Baker, R. M. (2020) · Advances in Developing Human Resources · doi:10.1177/1523422319886300 · Cited by 36
Chen, C., & Tsao, H.-W. (2020) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2020.104037 · Cited by 36
Mapping the study of learning analytics in higher education
Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Jiang, S., de Pablos, P. O., & Sun, Y. (2018) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2018.1529198 · Cited by 35
Generating a two-phase lesson for guiding beginners to learn basic dance movements
Yang, Y., Leung, H. W. H., Yue, L., & Deng, L. (2012) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.09.006 · Cited by 34
Analysis of AI Precision Education Strategy for Small Private Online Courses
Lin, Y., & Lai, Y.-H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.749629 · Cited by 34
Artefactual and empirical contributions in information systems research
Ågerfalk, P. J., & Karlsson, F. (2020) · European Journal of Information Systems · doi:10.1080/0960085x.2020.1743051 · Cited by 33
von Davier, M., & Bennett, R. E. (2017) · Methodology of educational measurement and assessment · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58689-2 · Cited by 24
Gender Differences in Cognitive Load when Applying Game-Based Learning with Intelligent Robots
Chen, B., Hwang, G., & Wang, S.-H. (2021) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 24
Self-citationCarlson, J. E., & von Davier, M. (2013) · ETS Research Report Series · doi:10.1002/j.2333-8504.2013.tb02335.x · Cited by 22
A simple and effective remedial learning system with a fuzzy expert system
Lin, C., Guo, K. ‐., & Lin, Y. ‐. (2016) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12160 · Cited by 21
Early Prediction of Students’ Final Grades in a Gamified Course
Nabizadeh, A. H., Gonçalves, D. J. V., Gama, S. P., & Jorge, J. A. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2022.3170494 · Cited by 21
Artificial Intelligence in Education and Ethics
du Boulay, B. (2022) · Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_6-1 · Cited by 20
A Novel Agent-Supported Academic Online Examination System
Parlak, Z. (2014) · Sakarya Üniversitesi Kurumsal Açık Akademik Arşivi · Cited by 17
An artificial intelligence method for comprehensive evaluation of preschool education quality
Niu, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.955870 · Cited by 16
Poitras, E., Lajoie, S. P., Doleck, T., & Jarrell, A. (2016) · eScholarship@McGill (McGill) · Cited by 15
Chiu, C.-K., & Tseng, J. C. R. (2021) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 15
Online listening responses and e-learning performance
Du, Z., Wang, F., Wang, S., & Xiao, X. (2022) · Information Technology and People · doi:10.1108/itp-09-2021-0687 · Cited by 14
Self-citationZhang, H., & Han, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.709023 · Cited by 11
Li, Y., Chang, M., Zhao, H., Jiang, C., & Xu, S. (2022) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12727 · Cited by 8
A Knowledge Query Network Model Based on Rasch Model Embedding for Personalized Online Learning
Cheng, Y., Wu, G., Zou, H., Luo, P., & Cai, Z. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.846621 · Cited by 6
Advancing Information Systems Theories
(2021) · Technology, work and globalization · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64884-8 · Cited by 4
Theorizing Digital Experience: Four Aspects of the Infomaterial
Kreps, D. (2021) · Technology, work and globalization · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64884-8_6 · Cited by 2
Design Science Theorizing: The Contribution of Practical Theory
Goldkuhl, G., & Sjöström, J. (2021) · Technology, work and globalization · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64884-8_7 · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Bada, 2015, Constructivism learning theory : A paradigm for teaching and learning, IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education, 5, 66
- Kolb, 1976, Learning style inventory, McBer & Company.
- Miller, 2018, AI+I=AI2: The OD imperative to add inclusion to the algorithms of artificial intelligence, OD Practitioner, 50, 6
- Srinivasan, 2022, AI & learning: A preferred future, Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3
- Yin, 2009, Vol. 5
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Systematic review of artificial intelligence in education: trends, benefits, and challenges
Garzón, J., Patiño, E., & Marulanda, C. (2025) · Multimodal Technologies and Interaction · doi:10.3390/mti9080084 · Cited by 265
“This diversity suggests that the topic transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries, attracting attention from both educational technology specialists and researchers in broader pedagogical and computational domains [37].”
InfluentialMustafa, M. Y., Tlili, A., Lampropoulos, G., Huang, R., Jandrić, P., Zhao, J., Salha, S., Xu, L., Panda, S., Kinshuk, et al. (2024) · Smart Learning Environments · doi:10.1186/s40561-024-00350-5 · Cited by 235
Schmidt, D. A., Alboloushi, B., Thomas, A., & Magalhães, R. (2025) · Computers and Education Open · doi:10.1016/j.caeo.2025.100274 · Cited by 171
Ethical Challenges Associated with the Use of Artificial Intelligence in University Education
Marín, Y. R., Caro, O. C., Rituay, A. M. C., Llanos, K. A. G., Perez, D. T., Bardales, E. S., Tuesta, J. N. A., & Santos, R. C. (2025) · Journal of Academic Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10805-025-09660-w · Cited by 157
Khan, S., Mazhar, T., Shahzad, T., Khan, M. A., Rehman, A. U., Saeed, M. M. A., & Hamam, H. (2025) · Discover Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s43621-025-00809-6 · Cited by 133
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Z., Wang, J., Tran, T., & Du, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of Saskatchewan (CA)
- Wilfrid Laurier University (CA)
- China University of Geosciences (CN)
- Beijing Sport University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Fang
- Venue
- Expert Systems with Applications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-10
- Volume
- 252
- Pages
- 124167
- ISSN
- 0957-4174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4396766974
- Cited by
- 977
- References
- 126
- Citations by year
- 2026: 512 · 2025: 418 · 2024: 44
- FWCI
- 57.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Expert Systems with Applications (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Science Applications › Online Learning and Analytics
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence in education, adaptive learning, personalized tutoring, intelligent assessment, student profiling, educational technology adoption, research gaps
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
