Cited by 936Soil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsFire effects on ecosystemsSoil and Environmental Studies

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Natural oxidation of black carbon in soils: Changes in molecular form and surface charge along a climosequence

Cheng, Chih-Hsin, Lehmann, Johannes, Engelhard, Mark H.·2008·Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.01.010

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Cheng, C.H. (2008). Oxidation of black carbon in soils. Ph.D. thesis. Cornell University.

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BackgroundInfluential
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A demonstration of the high variability of chars produced from wood in bushfires
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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
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Biochar from sewage sludge and pruning trees reduced porewater Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in acidic, but not basic, mine soils under hydric conditions
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“Nonetheless, a peak of moderate to broad width in this region is observed in soot (Akhter et al., 1985; Kirchner et al., 2000; Cain et al., 2010), soil black carbon (Bornemann et al., 2008; Cheng et al., 2008), and Atmos.”
Background
Potential of biochar soil amendments to reduce N leaching in boreal field conditions estimated using the resin bag method
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Characterization and Mineralization Rates of Low Temperature Peanut Hull and Pine Chip Biochars
Harris, K., Gaskin, J. W., Cabrera, M. L., Miller, W. P., & Das, K. C. (2013) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy3020294 · Cited by 35
“The remaining mass of the biochar is most likely attributed to oxygen [23,44,45].”
Background
Predicting pyrogenic organic matter mineralization from its initial properties and implications for carbon management
Whitman, T. L., Hanley, K., Enders, A., & Lehmann, J. C. (2013) · Organic Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.09.006 · Cited by 34
“Inoculation and micronutrient solution (1.8 ml) were added to each jar and sufficient deionized water was added to each jar to bring the mixture to 55% WHC.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Biochar: maximising the benefits
Maraseni, T. (2010) · International Journal of Environmental Studies · doi:10.1080/00207231003612225 · Cited by 34
“Biochar can be retained in soil for over 1000 years [8]; thus, it can allow for carbon sequestration in very many areas.”
Background
Hydrology, rather than wildfire burn extent, determines post‐fire organic and black carbon export from mountain rivers in central coastal California
Barton, R., Richardson, C., Pae, E., Montalvo, M. S., Redmond, M., Zimmer, M. A., & Wagner, S. (2023) · Limnology and Oceanography Letters · doi:10.1002/lol2.10360 · Cited by 34
“Furthermore, the aging of BC in soils results in the addition of polar functional groups, thus, enhancing its solubility in water (Cheng et al. 2008; Wozniak et al. 2020).”
Background
Soil fertility and plant nutrition in an organic olive orchard after 5 years of amendment with compost, biochar or their blend
Fornés, F., Lidón, A., Belda, R. M., Macan, G. P. F., Cayuela, M. L., Sánchez‐García, M., & Sanchez-Monedero, M. A. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-67565-x · Cited by 33
Labile and recalcitrant components of organic matter of a Mollisol changed with land use and plant litter management: An advanced 13C NMR study
Yao, S., Zhang, Y., Han, Y. F., Han, X., Mao, J., & Zhang, B. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.403 · Cited by 33
Effects of production conditions on yield and physicochemical properties of biochars produced from rice husk and oil palm empty fruit bunches
Yavari, S., Malakahmad, A., & Sapari, N. (2016) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-016-6943-3 · Cited by 36
Cycling of black carbon and black nitrogen in the hydro-geosphere: Insights on the paradigm, pathway, and processes
Mukherjee, S., & Kumar, M. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144711 · Cited by 32
Transport of biochar colloids under unsaturated flow condition: Roles of chemical aging and cation type
Zhao, K., & Shang, J. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160415 · Cited by 31
Formulation of Biochar-Compost and Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch to Improve Growth of Maize in an Ultisol of Central Kalimantan
Ichriani, G. I., Syehfani, S., Nuraini, Y., & Handayanto, E. (2018) · Journal of Ecological Engineering · doi:10.12911/22998993/92891 · Cited by 34
“Biochar is the result of biomass heating in pyrolysis installations at temperature of > 700oC under low oxygen conditions (Cheng et al., 2007).”
Background
Chemically oxidized biochar increases ammonium-15N recovery and phosphorus uptake in a grassland
Mia, S., Singh, B., & Dijkstra, F. A. (2019) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-019-01369-4 · Cited by 32
Biochars ages differently depending on the feedstock used for their production: Willow- versus sewage sludge-derived biochars
Siatecka, A., Różyło, K., Ok, Y. S., & Oleszczuk, P. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147458 · Cited by 32
Biochar, Tool for Climate Change Mitigation and Soil Management
Shackley, S. J., Sohi, S., Ibarrola, R., Hammond, J., Mašek, O., Brownsort, P. A., Cross, A., Prendergast‐Miller, M. T., & Haszeldine, R. S. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5770-1_6 · Cited by 32
“Progressive abiotic and biotic surface oxidation of charcoal results in surface proliferation of carboxyl groups and an increasing ability to sorb cations [33, 34], explaining high cation exchange in archaeological soils [35].”
Background
Exploring the effect of different application rates of biochar on the accumulation of nutrients and growth of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)
Yang, Y., Ahmed, W., Ye, C., Yang, L., Wu, L., Dai, Z., Khan, K. A., Hu, X., Zhu, X., & Zhao, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1225031 · Cited by 38
Displacement Prediction of Tunnel Surrounding Rock: A Comparison of Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network
Wu, Q., Yan, B., Zhang, C., Wang, L., Ning, G., & Yu, B. (2014) · Mathematical Problems in Engineering · doi:10.1155/2014/351496 · Cited by 31
“[18] also presented a multistep-ahead prediction model, which is not relying on a dynamic recurrent neural network but uses a method based on support vector machine (SVM) to predict and diagnose the type of long-term changes of hydropower structures.”
Method
Maize productivity dynamics in response to mineral nutrient additions and legacy organic soil inputs of contrasting quality
Güereña, D., Kimetu, J. M., Riha, S. J., Neufeldt, H., & Lehmann, J. C. (2016) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2015.12.017 · Cited by 31
“Simiar to other forms of SOC, biochar has chemically active surfaces nd when applied to the soil has resulted in physicochemical Cheng et al., 2008; Liang et al., 2006), microbial (Thies et al., 2015; arnock et al., 2007) and physical (Glaser et al., 2002) changes that an be beneficial to…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Weathering of pyrogenic organic matter induces fungal oxidative enzyme response in single culture inoculation experiments
Gibson, C. D., Berry, T. D., Wang, R., Spencer, J. A., Johnston, C. T., Jiang, Y., Bird, J. A., & Filley, T. R. (2015) · Organic Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.12.003 · Cited by 30
“O stretch (1210–1320 cm−1) (Cheng et al., 2008; Keiluweit et al., 2010; Demyan et al., 2012).”
First interactions with the hydrologic cycle determine pyrogenic carbon's fate in the Earth system
Masiello, C. A., & Berhe, A. A. (2020) · Earth Surface Processes and Landforms · doi:10.1002/esp.4925 · Cited by 30
“Chemical shifts that occur on the surface of PyC particles as they age act to increase its polarity (Cheng et al., 2008), and this will change the wetting rate of PyC, further stabilizing it.”
Background
Effects of low molecular weight organic acids on aggregation behavior of biochar colloids at acid and neutral conditions
Wang, Y., Wang, C., Xiong, J., Zhang, Q., & Shang, J. (2022) · Biochar · doi:10.1007/s42773-022-00142-5 · Cited by 29
“In addition, the stretching vibration peaks of PB in the aliphatic C–O–C peaks (1100–1030 cm−1) in the corresponding cellulose (Cheng et al. 2008) were lower than those of WB.”
Short-Term Responses of Soil Respiration and C-Cycle Enzyme Activities to Additions of Biochar and Urea in a Calcareous Soil
Song, D., Xiang-yin, X., Huang, S., Liang, G., Sun, J., Zhou, W., & Wang, X. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161694 · Cited by 34
“Once added to soil, abiotic and biotic surface oxidation of BC results in increased surface carboxyl groups, a greater negative charge, and subsequently an increasing ability to sorb cations [39].”
Background
Biochar and clinoptilolite zeolite on selected chemical properties of soil cultivated with maize (Zea mays L.)
Zaidun, S. W., Jalloh, M. B., Awang, A., Lum, M. S., Besar, N. A., Musta, B., Ahmed, O. H., & Omar, L. (2019) · EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) · doi:10.18393/ejss.468100 · Cited by 30
“The CEC of biochar has been shown to increase as biochar ages (Cheng et al., 2008) because of an increase in some oxygenated functional groups on the surface of the biochar (Cheng et al., 2006).”
Background
Influence of Biochar on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Erosion Potential, and Maize (Zea mays L.) Grain Yield under Sandy Soil Condition
Agbede, T. M., & Adekiya, A. O. (2020) · Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis · doi:10.1080/00103624.2020.1845348 · Cited by 32
Comparison of biochar properties from 5 kinds of halophyte produced by slow pyrolysis at 500 °C
Xiao, H., Lin, Q., Li, G., Zhao, X., Li, J., & Li, E. (2022) · Biochar · doi:10.1007/s42773-022-00141-6 · Cited by 30
An analysis of Australia’s carbon pollution reduction scheme
Maraseni, T., Maroulis, J., & Cockfield, G. (2009) · International Journal of Environmental Studies · doi:10.1080/00207230902916190 · Cited by 29
“Agrichar can be injected directly into the soil and can be retained in soil for ∼5000 years [ 49 ].”
Background
Impact of lignite on pedogenetic processes and microbial functions in Mediterranean soils
Clouard, M., Stéven, C., Borschneck, D., Ziarelli, F., Marzaioli, F., Balesdent, J., & Keller, C. (2014) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.05.009 · Cited by 28
Realizing the opportunities of black carbon in urban soils: Implications for water quality management with green infrastructure
Schifman, L. A., Prues, A. G., Gilkey, K., & Shuster, W. D. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.396 · Cited by 30
Soil Amendment with Biochar Affects Water Drainage and Nutrient Losses by Leaching: Experimental Evidence under Field-Grown Conditions
Libutti, A., Cammerino, A. R. B., Francavilla, M., & Monteleone, M. (2019) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy9110758 · Cited by 34
“Lower H/Corg ratios, as well as lower O/Corg ratios provide indications of a long-term stability and persistence of biochar in the soil, contributing to carbon sequestration [68].”
Background
Gross nitrogen transformations and ammonia oxidizers affected by nitrification inhibitors and/or organic amendments in a calcareous soil: A 15N tracing study
He, X., Li, M., Zhou, M., Zhou, W., Chen, G., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Zeng, M., Gao, X. A., & Lan, T. (2023) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.104926 · Cited by 28
Temperature sensitivity of gaseous elemental mercury in the active layer of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost
Ci, Z., Peng, F., Xue, X., & Zhang, X. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.085 · Cited by 28
Biochar applied to consolidated land increased the quality of an acid surface soil and tobacco crop in Southern China
Zhang, J., Huang, Y., Lin, J., Xue, C., Li, C., & Zhang, J. (2019) · Journal of Soils and Sediments · doi:10.1007/s11368-019-02531-z · Cited by 29
A fast chemical oxidation method for predicting the long-term mineralization of biochar in soils
Liu, B., Liu, Q., Wang, X., Bei, Q., Zhang, Y., Lin, Z., Liu, G., Zhu, J., Hu, T., Jin, H., et al. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137390 · Cited by 27
Sorption behavior of dimethyl phthalate in biochar-soil composites: Implications for the transport of phthalate esters in long-term biochar amended soils
Yan, J., & Quan, G. (2020) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111169 · Cited by 27

Authors: Cheng, C.-H., Lehmann, J., & Engelhard, M. H.
Affiliations: Cornell University (US)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
Corresponding author: Lehmann, Johannes
ORCID: Cheng, Chih-Hsin
Lehmann, Johannes
Engelhard, Mark H.
Venue: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-03
Volume: 72
Issue: 6
Pages: 1598-1610
ISSN: 0016-7037 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2008.01.010
OpenAlex: W1994825310
Cited by: 936
References: 57
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 68 · 2014: 74 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 55
FWCI: 50.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (publishedVersion)
Funders: Geological Society of America
Cornell University
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil and Environmental Studies
Keywords: black carbon, natural oxidation, soil carbon, molecular forms, surface charge, climosequence, mean annual temperature, O/C ratio, blast furnace, soil biogeochemistry, long-term incubation

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Natural oxidation of black carbon in soils: Changes in molecular form and surface charge along a climosequence

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