Influence of Canary upwelling system on coastal SST warming along the 21st century using CMIP6 GCMs
Open accessAbstract
Climate change is causing the global sea surface temperature (SST) to rise. However, warming rates are lower in coastal areas affected by the upwelling that buffers the SST warming. The influence of the Canary upwelling system on coastal SST throughout the 21st century was analyzed taking advantage of the high spatial resolution of the Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the CMIP6 project to capture upwelling features. Future SST changes were evaluated both on the coast and in their oceanic counterparts under the 5–8.5 socioeconomic pathway scenario. Results showed a latitudinal displacement of the upwelling system to the north by the end of the century. Middle and north latitudes showed a strengthening in the buffering effect of upwelling with a greater influence on the differences between coast and ocean. Oppositely, the southernmost latitudes showed a weakening causing a homogenization of the SST between coast and ocean.
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Only Varela et al. (2022) studied coastal SST warming for the Canary Upwelling System using 6 CMIP6 GCMs, leaving the rest of the main EBUS unexplored.
“Only Varela et al. (2022) [15] studied coastal SST warming for the Canary Upwelling System using 6 CMIP6 GCMs.”
From Examining the ability of CMIP6 models to reproduce the upwelling SST imprint in the Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (2022) · cites this paper as Varela et al. (2022) [15]
Section 2.1 confirms that the paper used SST data from six CMIP6 models for the Canary upwelling system. The Introduction discusses earlier work on coastal SST and other upwelling systems, but does not establish that this was the only such study or that the other main EBUS were unexplored. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOceanic points situated 3 degrees away from the coast are far enough to not be affected by upwelling.
“Thus, oceanic points are situated far enough from the coast to not be affected by upwelling [7,15].”
From Examining the ability of CMIP6 models to reproduce the upwelling SST imprint in the Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
These results are consistent with other findings on the spatial distribution of SST in this region during this time period.
“These results are consistent with other findings on the spatial distribution of SST in this region during this time period [21].”
From Baseline Climatology of the Canary Current Upwelling System and Evolution of Sea Surface Temperature (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
A recent study found that the rate of warming in coastal waters is slower than in adjacent offshore waters.
“A recent study has compared remotely sensed SST data with a resolution of 0.25 • to climate models and has found that the rate of warming in coastal waters is slower than that in adjacent offshore waters [21].”
From Baseline Climatology of the Canary Current Upwelling System and Evolution of Sea Surface Temperature (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
Previous studies analyzing SST in the CCUS have drawn similar conclusions about the slower rate of SST warming nearshore compared to offshore.
“Previous studies analyzing SST in the CCUS have drawn similar conclusions about the slower rate of SST warming nearshore compared to offshore [21].”
From Baseline Climatology of the Canary Current Upwelling System and Evolution of Sea Surface Temperature (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
Similar results were also found by Varela et al. [21], who used climate models to evaluate SST trends in the Canary Current Upwelling System.
“Similar results were also found by Varela et al. [21], who used climate models to evaluate SST trends in the Canary Current Upwelling System.”
From Baseline Climatology of the Canary Current Upwelling System and Evolution of Sea Surface Temperature (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
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Varela, R., DeCastro, M., Rodriguez-Diaz, L., Dias, J. M., & Gómez-Gesteira, M. (2022) · Journal of Marine Science and Engineering · doi:10.3390/jmse10121970 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“(2022) [15] studied coastal SST warming for the Canary Upwelling System using 6 CMIP6 GCMs.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationBaseline Climatology of the Canary Current Upwelling System and Evolution of Sea Surface Temperature
Mills, L., Janeiro, J., & Martins, F. (2024) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs16030504 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Varela, R., Rodríguez-Díaz, L., de Castro, M., & Gómez-Gesteira, M.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de Vigo (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Varela, R.
- Venue
- Global and Planetary Change
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-01
- Volume
- 208
- Pages
- 103692
- ISSN
- 0921-8181 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3214486840
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7
- FWCI
- 2.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Global and Planetary Change (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Investigo repository of University of Vigo (University of Vigo) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Investigo Institutional repository of UVigo (Universidade de Vigo) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- European Regional Development Fund
- Xunta de Galicia
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Keywords
- climate change projections, CMIP6, SSP5-8.5, 21st century
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