Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis – Brief report and review of the literature
Open accessAbstract
•Endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer is a rare entity with poor prognosis.•Personal history of C-section is extremely relevant.•The treatment consists in a wide local excision with adjuvant chemotherapy.•Proper treatment of abdominal endometriosis could prevent these situations.
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This brief report describes a 47-year-old woman with clear cell carcinoma arising in abdominal wall endometriosis at a caesarean section scar, treated with wide excision and adjuvant carboplatin plus paclitaxel, who developed local recurrence 9 months later and remained disease-free 36 months after second surgery. It reviews the literature indicating that endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer is rare, aggressive, and without standardized treatment.
Key findings
- A 47-year-old woman with three previous C-sections presented with pelvic pain and an 8 cm mass at the left caesarean scar; CT showed a heterogeneous left abdominal rectus tumor measuring 11 cm, and CA125 was 29 U/mL.
- Histopathology confirmed clear cell carcinoma suggesting malignant transformation from abdominal wall endometriosis with tumor-free margins; after six cycles of carboplatin plus paclitaxel, CA125 decreased to 8.5 U/mL.
- Local recurrence occurred 9 months later, measuring 5.4 × 4.4 × 1.9 cm; after wide resection, mesh reconstruction, and six more cycles of carboplatin plus paclitaxel, no secondary lesions were seen on MRI.
- Literature review notes abdominal wall endometriosis after caesarean section in 0.03–1%, malignant transformation incidence not exceeding 0.3–1.0%, 27 reported abdominal wall adenocarcinoma cases with mean age 47 years (range 38–60) and mean interval from first gynecological surgery to carcinoma of 21 years (range 8–41), and median survival about 30 months.
Methods
- Single clinical case report of a 47-year-old woman with clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis, including clinical examination, transvaginal ultrasound, soft tissue ultrasound, CT, MRI, PET, laboratory tests, surgery, and histopathology.
- Treatment included laparoscopic bilateral adnexectomy, total excision of the abdominal wall mass, adjuvant six cycles of carboplatin plus paclitaxel, and later abdominal hysterectomy with wide resection of recurrence and mesh reconstruction.
- Brief review of the literature discussing diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, surgical and adjuvant treatment, prognosis, and risk factors for malignant transformation of endometriosis.
Limitations
- The paper states that few cases are reported, there is no standardized treatment, and the pathogenesis of malignant transformation of endometriosis is largely unknown, requiring further studies.
- Evident from the text: the findings are based on a single case report, limiting generalizability; the literature review is brief and does not describe a formal systematic search or synthesis method.
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Integrity signals
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Cites
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 28 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Findingown data
Transvaginal ultrasound detected no pelvic tumor besides a cyst of the right ovary.
“No pelvic tumor was detected by transvaginal ultrasound besides a cyst of the right ovary”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Physical examination revealed a smooth mass measuring 8 cm in diameter on the middle-left side of the caesarean median scar.
“Physical examination revealed a smooth mass measuring 8 cm in diameter on the middle-left side of the caesarean median scar.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
The MRI post chemotherapy showed no secondary lesions.
“The MRI post chemotherapy showed no secondary lesions.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
CA125 levels decreased to 8.5 U/mL after chemotherapy.
“CA125 levels decreased to 8.5 U/mL.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Histopathological examination of the abdominal wall mass revealed clear cell carcinoma.
“Histopathological examination revealed a clear cell carcinoma (CCC)”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- Findingown data
CT scan detected no pelvic tumor mass in the intraperitoneal cavity or abdominal/pelvic lymph nodes.
“no pelvic tumor mass in the intraperitoneal cavity or abdominal/pelvic lymph nodes were detected”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Abdominal MRI found no lesions.
“in abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) no lesions were found.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
The tumor had free margins.
“tumor free margin”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingnone given
Nine months after, the patient complained about a new palpable tumor of 2 cm at the same location.
“Nine months after, the patient complained about a new palpable tumor of 2 cm, at the same location.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
MRI and PET revealed a local recurrence in the abdominal wall measuring 5.4 × 4.4 × 1.9 cm.
“The MRI and PET revealed a local recurrence, in the abdominal wall, measuring 5.4 × 4.4 × 1.9 cm”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
The clear cell carcinoma suggested malignant transformation from endometriosis of the abdominal wall.
“suggesting malignant transformation from endometriosis of the abdominal wall”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
PET performed 6 weeks after surgery revealed a hypermetabolic image on the dependence of the left abdominal rectus.
“Positron emission tomography (PET) performed 6 weeks after surgery revealed a hypermetabolic image on the dependence of the left abdominal rectus”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingnone given
Thirty-six months after the second surgery, no further evidence of the disease on imaging studies or clinical examination has occurred.
“Thirty-six months after the second surgery, no further evidence of the disease on imaging studies or clinical examination has occurred.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation
Self-reported endometriosis is associated with significantly increased risk for endometrioid cancer (OR 2.21).
“endometrioid cancer (OR 2.21)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Pearce et al. (2012) source
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
Clear cell carcinoma is the histological subtype most often present in endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer.
“CCC is the histological subtype more often present in these cases”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
The prognosis of patients with endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer seems to be poor, with a median survival time of about 30 months.
“The prognosis of these patients seems to be poor; the median survival time is about 30 months (Taburiaux et al. 2015).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
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- Interpretationcitation
The slow evolution of these situations is evidenced by the mean time between first gynecological surgery and diagnosis.
“evidencing the slow evolution of these situations.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Self-reported endometriosis is associated with significantly increased risk for low-grade serous invasive ovarian cancers (OR 2.21).
“and low-grade serous invasive ovarian cancers (OR 2.21).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Pearce et al. (2012) source
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
According to a systematic review, 27 clinical cases of abdominal wall adenocarcinoma related with endometriosis are reported in literature until 2014.
“According to a systematic review, from Taburiaux et al. (2015), 27 clinical cases of abdominal wall adenocarcinoma related with endometriosis are reported in literature, until 2014.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
The mean age of presentation of abdominal wall adenocarcinoma related with endometriosis was 47 years (range 38-60).
“The mean age of presentation was 47 years (range 38–60)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
Sampson (1925) proposed three criteria for the diagnosis of malignancy arising from endometriosis: presence of both benign and neoplastic endometrial tissues in the tumor, endometrial histology, and absence of additional tumor.
“In 1925, Sampson (1925) proposed 3 criteria for the diagnosis of malignancy arising from endometriosis: (1) presence of both benign and neoplastic endometrial tissues in the tumor, (2) endometrial histology, and (3) absence of additional tumor.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Sampson (1925) source
Not checked in the free run.
- Premisecitation
Epigenetics and genomic instability associated with the particular microenvironment of endometriosis, characterized by oxidative stress, inflammatory process and high estrogen levels, contribute to the process of malignant transformation of endometriosis.
“It is becoming clear that epigenetics and genomic instability associated with the particular microenvironment of endometriosis characterized by oxidative stress, inflammatory process and high estrogen levels contribute to the process of malignant transformation of endometriosis (Pearce et al., 2012, Nezhat et al., 2014).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked - Premisecitation
The mean time between the first gynecological surgery and the diagnosis of carcinoma was 21 years (range 8-41 years).
“the mean time between the first gynecological surgery and the diagnosis of carcinoma was 21 years (range 8–41 years)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
Not checked in the free run.
- May combine two claims. 14
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 23
May combine two claims.
Findingown dataSoft tissue ultrasound and CT scan revealed a heterogenous tumor in the left abdominal rectus, extending from left flank until the Retzius space, measuring 11 cm.
“soft tissue ultrasound and computed tomography scan (CT-scan) revealed a heterogenous tumor, in the left abdominal rectus, extending from left flank until the Retzius space, measuring 11 cm”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataAt vaginal exam, an 8 cm tumor was palpable and seemed to be in continuity with the left abdominal wall.
“At vaginal exam, a 8 cm tumor was palpable and seemed to be in continuity with the left abdominal wall.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe patient had three previous C-sections at ages 23, 25, and 30, followed by a tubal ligation.
“No relevant medical problems were referred other than three previous C-sections, at 23, 25 and 30 years old followed by a tubal ligation.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataA 47-year-old female presented with a three-month pelvic pain exacerbating during the last month and a growing tumoral mass at the left side of a caesarean section scar.
“A 47-year-old female presents for evaluation of a three-month pelvic pain exacerbating during the last month and a growing tumoral mass at the left side of a caesarean section scar.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown dataThe intestinal occlusion was caused by adherence between the small bowel and the abdominal wall.
“the adherence between the small bowel and the abdominal wall conditioning the occlusion was identified”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataAt evaluation after chemotherapy, the patient was asymptomatic and no other abdominal lesions were observed in MRI.
“At evaluation after chemotherapy, the patient was asymptomatic and no other abdominal lesions were observed in MRI”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown dataLaparoscopy observed a haemorrhagic 4 cm right ovarian cyst, normal uterus, and unremarkable pelvic cavity.
“a haemorrhagic 4 cm right ovarian cyst, normal uterus and unremarkable pelvic cavity were observed”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingnone givenTwenty-four months after the second surgery, 2 consecutive episodes of abscess succeeded, with no bacterial growth on cultures.
“Twenty-four months after the second surgery, 2 consecutive episodes of abscess succeeded, with no bacterial growth on cultures.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataHistopathological analysis confirmed the recurrence of CCC, with adequate surgical margins.
“Histopathological analysis confirmed the recurrence of CCC, with adequate surgical margins.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown dataMRI confirmed a remaining liquid collection, although no signs of local recurrence.
“MRI confirmed a remaining liquid collection, although no signs of local recurrence.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown dataThe post-operative course was complicated by an intestinal occlusion.
“The post-operative course was complicated by an intestinal occlusion.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown dataA complete clinical resolution was obtained after a long course of antibiotic.
“A long course of antibiotic was administered and finally a complete clinical resolution was obtained.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown dataLaboratory tests revealed CA125 = 29 U/mL.
“laboratory tests revealed CA125 = 29 U/mL.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
InterpretationcitationEndometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer is a rare entity with poor prognosis.
“Endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer is a rare entity with poor prognosis.”
- Also stated in: § Conclusion · plain
“Endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer is rare, but usually very aggressive.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
Not checked in the free run.
- Also stated in: § Conclusion · plain
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationMalignant transformation of endometriosis is rare but can occur.
“The malignant transformation is rare but, can occur (Horton et al. 2008).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Horton et al. 2008 source
Not checked in the free run.
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningAll Sampson and Scott criteria for diagnosis of malignancy arising from endometriosis are fulfilled in this clinical case, although the histological type is clear cell carcinoma.
“All these criteria are fulfilled in this clinical case, although in this case the histological type is a CCC.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationIn 20% of patients, abdominal wall endometriosis was not related with any abdominal scar.
“although in 20% of patients it was not related with any abdominal scar.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Horton et al. 2008 source
Not checked in the free run.
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisecitationScott (1953) added a fourth criterion for the diagnosis of malignancy arising from endometriosis: the morphologic demonstration of benign endometriosis contiguous with the malignant tissue is a prerequisite for adjudication of a malignancy originating in endometriosis.
“Further, in 1953, Scott (1953) added a fourth criterion: (4) the morphologic demonstration of benign endometriosis contiguous with the malignant tissue is a prerequisite for adjudication of a malignancy originating in endometriosis.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Scott (1953)
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationThe rectovaginal septum, the colon and the vaginal wall are the most frequent extragonadal sites of malignant endometriosis, comprising > 50% of the cases.
“The rectovaginal septum, the colon and the vaginal wall are the most frequent extragonadal sites of malignant endometriosis, comprising > 50% of the cases (Bats et al. 2008).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Bats et al. 2008
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationAbdominal wall endometriosis has also been reported in association with episiotomy, trocar scars, appendectomy, and hernia repair scars.
“although they have also been reported in association with episiotomy, trocar scars, appendectomy, and hernia repair scars (Taburiaux et al. 2015).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationEndometrioid carcinoma is the second most encountered histological subtype in these cases.
“endometrioid carcinoma is the second most encountered (Taburiaux et al. 2015).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationMalignant transformation of endometriosis associated with surgical scars is extremely rare, with an estimated incidence not exceeding 0.3-1.0%.
“Malignant transformation of endometriosis associated with surgical scars is extremely rare, with an estimated incidence not exceeding 0.3–1.0% (Heaps et al. 1990)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Heaps et al. 1990
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationSelf-reported endometriosis is associated with significantly increased risk for clear cell carcinoma (OR 3.05).
“Pearce et al. (2012), concluded that self-reported endometriosis was associated with significantly increased risk for CCC [odds ratio (OR) 3.05]”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Pearce et al. (2012) source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationAbdominal wall endometriosis implants are also typically observed after hysterectomy.
“or hysterectomy”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Horton et al. 2008 source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationIn most cases, the abdominal wall lesion was large at the time of diagnosis.
“Considering the size of the lesion, in most of the cases, it was large at the time of diagnosis (Taburiaux et al. 2015).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Taburiaux et al. 2015 source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationA cyclical pain, correlated with the menstrual cycles, is largely described in abdominal wall endometriosis.
“A cyclical pain, correlated with the menstrual cycles, is largely described (Hensen et al. 2006).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Hensen et al. 2006 source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationAbdominal wall endometriosis was associated with a previous caesarean section scar in 57% of patients.
“Horton et al. (2008), described that abdominal wall endometriosis was associated with a previous caesarean section scar in 57% of patients”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Horton et al. 2008 source
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PremisecitationSome series report an improvement in 5-year overall survival and progression free survival using abdominal radiation for ovarian carcinomas, especially for CCC.
“Some series report an improvement in 5-year overall survival and progression free survival using abdominal radiation for ovarian carcinomas, especially for CCC (Hoskins et al., 2012, Macrie et al., 2014).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checkedProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Interpretationnone givenGiven the increasing rates of caesareans around the world, it is very likely that abdominal wall endometriosis also increases.
“Given the increasing rates of caesareans around the world, it is very likely that abdominal wall endometriosis also increases.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationEndometriosis of the abdominal wall can result from contamination of subcutaneous tissue by endometrial cells during delivery or clearing the endometrial cavity after removal of the placenta.
“Endometriosis of the abdominal wall can result from the contamination of subcutaneous tissue by endometrial cells during delivery or clearing the endometrial cavity after removal of the placenta (Heaps et al. 1990).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Heaps et al. 1990
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May combine two claims.
PremisecitationLong-term endometriosis, endometriosis diagnosed at an early age, endometriosis associated with infertility, and the presence of enlarging ovarian endometrioma or changing characteristics and mural nodule formation are risk situations for the malignant transformation of endometriosis.
“The long-term endometriosis, endometriosis diagnosed at an early age, endometriosis associated with infertility, and the presence of enlarging ovarian endometrioma or changing characteristics and mural nodule formation are risk situations for the malignant transformation of endometriosis (Nezhat et al. 2014).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Nezhat et al. 2014 source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationAbdominal wall endometriosis implants are typically observed after caesarean section, with an incidence of 0.03 to 1%.
“These implants are typically observed after caesarean section (0.03 to 1%) (Horton et al. 2008)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Horton et al. 2008 source
Not checked in the free run.
The paper relies on this without support.
Proper treatment of abdominal endometriosis can prevent the occurrence of malignant transformation.
“Proper treatment of abdominal endometriosis could prevent these situations.”
“Attention should be placed in a proper treatment of endometriosis, identification of the patients at risk and a suitable monitoring in order to allow the prevention the occurrence of a malignant lesion or the diagnosis and treatment at an early stage.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall presents as an abdominal mass that develops adjacent to a previous surgical scar.
“Clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall presents as an abdominal mass that develops adjacent to a previous surgical scar [5, 17].”
From Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis—A report on two cases and literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [17]
Surgical intervention for clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis necessitates wide excision of the abdominal wall tumor to achieve healthy margins, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and abdominal wall reconstruction.
“Surgical intervention necessitates wide excision of the abdominal wall tumor to achieve healthy margins, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and abdominal wall reconstruction [5, 17].”
From Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis—A report on two cases and literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [17]
Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis appears to respond to adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy.
“However, clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis appears to respond to adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy [17].”
From Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis—A report on two cases and literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [17]
Cites
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“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
BackgroundENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA OF THE OVARY, ARISING IN ENDOMETRIAL TISSUE IN THAT ORGAN
SAMPSON, J. A. (1925) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.1925.01120100007001 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Consensus on current management of endometriosis
Johnson, N. P., Hummelshoj, L., for the World Endometriosis Society Montpellier Consortium, Abrao, M. S., Adamson, G. D., Allaire, C., Amelung, V., Andersson, E., Becker, C., Birna Árdal, K. B., et al. (2013) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/det050 · Cited by 558 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Endometriosis Clear cell carcinoma Case report Abdominal wall Caesarean section 30 years old followed by a tubal ligation.”
BackgroundMalignant neoplasms arising in endometriosis
Heaps, J., Rk, N., & Berek, J. (1991) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/0020-7292(91)90262-4 · Cited by 396 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
BackgroundAbdominal wall endometriosis: a surgeon's perspective and review of 445 cases
Horton, J. D., DeZee, K. J., Ahnfeldt, E. P., & Wagner, M. (2008) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.07.035 · Cited by 391 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal b Anatomic Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal c Faculty of Medicine of Coimbra University, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal ⁎ Corresponding…”
BackgroundMalignant changes in endometriosis.
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Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Clinical Presentation and Imaging Features with Emphasis on Sonography
Hensen, J.-H. J., Van Breda Vriesman, A. C., & Puylaert, J. B. C. M. (2006) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.04.1619 · Cited by 254 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
BackgroundHoskins, P. J., Le, N., Gilks, B., Tinker, A., Santos, J., Wong, F., & Swenerton, K. D. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2011.40.1646 · Cited by 117 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
BackgroundBats, A. S., Zafrani, Y., Pautier, P., Duvillard, P., & Morice, P. (2008) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.08.080 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Link Between Endometriosis and Ovarian Cancer
Nezhat, F. R., Pejovic, T., Reis, F. M., & Guo, S.-W. (2014) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1097/igc.0000000000000100 · Cited by 58 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
BackgroundEndometriosis-Associated Abdominal Wall Cancer
Taburiaux, L., Pluchino, N., Petignat, P., & Wenger, J.-M. (2015) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1097/igc.0000000000000556 · Cited by 55 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
BackgroundPatterns of recurrence and role of pelvic radiotherapy in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma
Macrie, B. D., Strauss, J. B., Helenowski, I. B., Rademaker, A., Schink, J. C., Lurain, J. R., & Small, W. (2014) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1097/igc.0000000000000270 · Cited by 19 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We present a clinical case of clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall related to endometriosis neoplastic transformation.”
Background
Flagged first, then by citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
GIANNELLA, L., SERRI, M., MACCARONI, E., DI GIUSEPPE, J., CARPINI, G. D., BERARDI, R., SOPRACORDEVOLE, F., & CIAVATTINI, A. (2020) · In Vivo · doi:10.21873/invivo.12021 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
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“However, clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis appears to respond to adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy [17].”
BackgroundInfluentialMirza, Z., & Abdel-dayem, U. A. (2020) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics10060416 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Unusual transformation of certain abdominal wall cells into endometrial cells has been reported in some women [23] and, interestingly, it is believed that during embryonic development, the same cells are responsible for the growth of female reproductive organs.”
BackgroundMalignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review
Alaert, J., Lancelle, M., Timmermans, M., Tanos, P., Nisolle, M., & Karampelas, S. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13082282 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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Ferrari, F., Valenti, G., Forte, S., Ardighieri, L., Iraci Sareri, M., Barra, F., Sartori, E., & Odicino, F. (2021) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research · doi:10.1111/jog.14635 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Clear cell carcinoma of the pelvic side wall arising from endometriosis
Abaid, L. N., Cupp, J. S., Chang, M., Beanes, S. R., & Goldstein, B. H. (2018) · Gynecologic Oncology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.gore.2018.05.006 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The precipitant of the neoplastic event in the current study remains idiopathic, although one may conjecture that genetics, immunological or hormonal factors were contributing factors (Marques et al., 2017).”
BackgroundLiu, D., Wei, H., Huang, J., Shen, H., Wang, X., & Hu, C. (2023) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s382235 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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“(Castagnino et al., 2021; Bahall et al., 2022; Alberto et al., 2006);(Gentile et al., 2018; Marques et al., 2017; Ruiz et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2014), Histologically, clear cell carcinoma exhibits mixed papillary, tubulocystic, or solid patterns with intraluminal mucin, intracytoplasmic vacuoles,…”
BackgroundSurgery of abdominal wall endometriosis associated with clear-cell carcinoma: Case report and review
Petit, C., Donval, L., Chandeze, M.-M., Chis, C., Joste, M., & Panel, P. (2023) · Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction · doi:10.1016/j.jogoh.2023.102561 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lewis, G. K., Gajarawala, S. N., Robinson, K. E., Chen, A. H., & Robertson, M. W. (2022) · Gynecologic Oncology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.gore.2022.100995 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Abdominal wall endometrioma after Cesarean section: a case series
Biegel, C., Kumwong, S., Fujimoto, M., Rostami, S., Penukonda, A., Joseph, D., & Kim, D. (2024) · Journal of Surgical Case Reports · doi:10.1093/jscr/rjae295 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kadam, S. S., Deshmukh, S. P., Karandikar, S. M., & Kadam, T. (2021) · Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s13193-021-01352-2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mullerian tissue in the rectus abdominis muscle forming an endometrioma: a case report
Haseeb, Y. A. (2019) · Pan African Medical Journal · doi:10.11604/pamj.2019.34.159.19193 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Ultrasound is a first line diagnostic tool in this regard followed by more invasive investigations like computerized tomograghy (CT) or magnetic resonant imaging techniques (MRI) [7].”
MethodDayan, D., Wisniewski, L., Formentini, A., Kornmann, M., Bette, S., Ebner, F. K., Janni, W., Lukac, S., Traub, L., & Schochter, F. (2025) · World Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1186/s12957-025-03974-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“…tumor markers such as CEA, CA125, and CA19-9 were within the normal range in most reported cases, as observed in our patient [3, 13, 18, 20, 29, 33, 36, 48], however, some studies noted slightly increased values [12, 23, 37, 41] and a few even reported significantly increased values [4, 34].”
Localized endometrioid cancer in the abdominal wall with synchronous early-stage endometrial cancer
Şahin, O., Tokgözoğlu, N., & Taşçı, T. (2021) · Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetric and Gynecology · doi:10.4274/tjod.galenos.2021.85530 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Primary Abdominal Wall Clear Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and review of literaturePreprint
Zhai, J. J., Feng, H., Ying, R., & Chen, C. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-508290/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Clear Cell Carcinoma Arising in a Previous Surgical Scar—A Case Report—
Ono, T., Matsutani, T., Hagiwara, N., Arai, H., Nomura, T., & Uchida, E. (2017) · Nihon Rinsho Geka Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of Japan Surgical Association) · doi:10.3919/jjsa.78.2742
Liang, X., Zeng, H., Tang, Z. Y., Liao, J., & Fan, J. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-146993/v1
A case of metastatic clear cell carcinoma caused by endometriosis
Ma, Z., Huang, C., Yang, M., & Liu, N. (2025) · Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders · doi:10.1177/22840265251365862
“16 Radiotherapy combined with platinum-based treatment regimens is also beneficial for treating malignancies associated with endo-metriosis.”
Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Abdominal Wall: An Aggressive Endometriosis-Associated Malignant Disease
Bourou, M. Z., Myoteri, D., Vlahos, I., Korompelis, P., Stylianaki, A., Razis, E., Eleftheriades, M. I., & Panoskaltsis, T. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.112058
“Periodic or persistent abdominal pain is an additional sign [17,49].”
- Authors
- Marques, C., Silva, T. S., & Dias, M. F.
- Affiliations
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Marques, Cecília
- Venue
- Gynecologic Oncology Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 20
- Pages
- 78-80
- ISSN
- 2352-5789 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5362132
- OpenAlex
- W2595071920
- Semantic Scholar
- 5ea34b6bbea0a9871c65123d6ebe05e5d2eeba4a
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Gynecologic Oncology Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Luso-American Foundation for Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Metastasis and carcinoma case studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Keywords
- clear cell carcinoma, abdominal wall endometriosis, endometriosis-associated cancer, cesarean section, wide local excision, adjuvant chemotherapy, prognosis
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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