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Perfusion decellularization of human and porcine lungs: Bringing the matrix to clinical scale
Abstract
Background Organ engineering is a theoretical alternative to allotransplantation for end-stage organ failure. Whole-organ scaffolds can be created by detergent perfusion via the native vasculature, generating an acellular matrix suitable for recellularization with selected cell types. We aimed to up-scale this process, generating biocompatible scaffolds of a clinically relevant scale.Methods Rat, porcine, and human lungs were decellularized by detergent perfusion at constant pressures. Collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan content of scaffolds were quantified by colorimetric assays. Proteomic analysis was performed by microcapillary liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Extracellular matrix (ECM) slices were cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), small airway epithelial cells (SAEC), or pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (PAECs) and evaluated by time-lapse live cell microscopy and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Whole-organ culture was maintained under constant-pressure media perfusion after seeding with PAECs.Results Rat lungs were decellularized using: (1) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), (2) sodium deoxycholate (SDC), or (3) 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS). Resulting scaffolds showed comparable loss of DNA but greatest preservation of ECM components in SDS-decellularized lungs. Porcine (n = 10) and human (n = 7) lungs required increased SDS concentration, perfusion pressures, and time to achieve decellularization as determined by loss of DNA, with preservation of intact matrix composition and lung architecture. Proteomic analysis of human decellularized lungs further confirmed ECM preservation. Recellularization experiments confirmed scaffold biocompatibility when cultured with mature cell phenotypes and scaffold integrity for the duration of biomimetic culture.Conclusions SDS-based perfusion decellularization can be applied to whole porcine and human lungs to generate biocompatible organ scaffolds with preserved ECM composition and architecture.
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“In order to accurately recapitulate the composition, structure, and vascularization of native ECM in organ development, some organoids have been grown in decellularized ECM from human or animal donors.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [71]
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“Decellularization approaches have been demonstrated for human kidney67, murine kidney67,68, murine heart69,70, human and porcine lung71, and porcine testicular72 tissues, with each type posing unique challenges.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [71]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gilpin, S. E., Guyette, J. P., Gonzalez, G., Ren, X., Asara, J. M., Mathisen, D. J., Vacanti, J. P., & Ott, H. C.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ott, Harald C.
- Venue
- The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 298-308
- ISSN
- 1053-2498 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2047611832
- Semantic Scholar
- 253777fdc37ab99c976b2319df807c9150ac0b39
- Cited by
- 263
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 14
- FWCI
- 20.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1dp2od008749-01)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Keywords
- perfusion decellularization, lung scaffolds, extracellular matrix preservation, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium deoxycholate, CHAPS, human lung, porcine lung, recellularization, alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells, small airway epithelial cells, whole organ culture, organ engineering, scaffold biocompatibility
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Cells, Cultured, Cholic Acids, Deoxycholic Acid, Detergents, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Endothelium, Vascular, Epithelial Cells, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Lung, Perfusion, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, Swine, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Models, Animal, Rats, Tissue Scaffolds, Bioengineering
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