New regression models to predict fat mass in intermediate-level male padel players
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Padel is a racquet team sport that has generated great interest in recent years, but the anthropometric and body composition characteristics of padel players have not widely been investigated. So, this study has a threefold aim: i) to draw two specific linear regression models to estimate fat mass from Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) to anthropometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA); ii) to provide a BIA-vector (BIVA) profile of intermediate level padel players; iii) to understand if anthropometric, body composition and handgrip strength differ among padel's roles. Methods: Participants were 15 padel players (26.66 ± 11.84 years, 71.6 ± 12.51 kg, 173.13 ± 7.63 cm) who competed in the same championship. DXA, anthropometry, BIA and vector analysis were assessed. The stepwise procedure for the best general linear model was performed. The one-way ANOVA was used to compare right and left-side players. The Bland-Altman method, concordance correlation and Pearson's correlation coefficients, and statistical power achieved were computed. Results: = 0.37) sports. Also, no significant differences between left and right players were found in body composition and handgrip strength. Conclusion: This study provided novel and useful information on players' body profiles for coaches and trainers. Also, our resulting equations provide easy-to-assess field methods in the accurate estimation of players' body composition characteristics.
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Out of the 19 available equations for athletes, 15 were developed with foot-to-hand technology.
“Out of the 19 available equations, 15 were developed with foot to hand technology [31, 39, 48, 51, 62, 69, 84, 85, 87, 104], while four equations were developed using segmental technology [88].”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
The Materials & methods section (page unavailable) describes hand-and-foot electrode placement, and the Results (page unavailable) give a BIA-based predictive equation for fat mass in padel players. This supports citing the paper as an example of an equation developed with foot-to-hand measurements. It does not establish the broader count of 15 such equations out of 19 available equations. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredConsidering foot-to-hand technology for athletes, 12 equations are suitable for males.
“Considering the foot to hand technology, 12 equations are suitable for male [31, 39, 48, 69, 84, 85, 87, 104] and eight for female people only [39, 51, 62, 69, 87, 104].”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
The Methods describe electrodes placed on the right hand and foot, and the Results give a bioimpedance-based fat-mass equation developed from male padel players. This supports the paper as an example of a male-specific foot-to-hand equation, but it does not establish the citing sentence’s total of 12 equations. The Discussion also cautions that its equations may not be generalized beyond the studied group. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredConcerns with applicability were high in 19 studies.
“Concerns with applicability were high in 19 studies [37, 42–59] and unclear [41, 50, 60–69] in 12 studies due to the restricted sample size.”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
One study on athletes considered Italian paddle players.
“One study con considered Italian paddle players [48].”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
Regarding foot-to-hand technology for athletes, one equation is for estimating FM in males.
“Regarding foot to hand technology, we found an equation for estimating FM in males [48], five equations for estimating FFM in males [31, 69, 84, 85, 104], and four in females only [51, 62, 69, 104].”
From High-standard predictive equations for estimating body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
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“Out of the 19 available equations, 15 were developed with foot to hand technology [31, 39, 48, 51, 62, 69, 84, 85, 87, 104], while four equations were developed using segmental technology [88].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
- Authors
- Mauro, M., Toselli, S., De Giorgi, S., Heinrich, K. M., Di Gioia, G., Moretti, B., Greco, G., Cataldi, S., Moretti, L., & Fischetti, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Bologna (IT)
- National Development and Research Institutes (US)
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Consorziale - Policlinico Bari (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Greco, Gianpiero
- Cataldi, Stefania
- ORCID
- Venue
- Heliyon
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-08
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e18719
- ISSN
- 2405-8440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10404778
- OpenAlex
- W4385299077
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Heliyon (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
- Keywords
- padel, body composition, anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, grip strength, male athletes, regression models, field evaluation, team sports
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