Submaximal exercise blood pressure and cardiovascular structure in adolescence
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Dynamic exercise results in increased systolic blood pressure (BP). Irrespective of resting BP, some individuals may experience exaggerated rise in systolic BP with exercise, which in adulthood is associated with risk of hypertension, and cardiovascular (CV) disease. It is unknown if exercise BP is associated with markers of CV structure during adolescence. We examined this question in a large adolescent cohort taking account of the possible confounding effect of body composition and BP status. Methods 4036 adolescents (mean age 17.8 ± 0.4 years, 45% male), part of a UK population-based birth cohort study completed a sub-maximal step-test with BP immediately post-exercise. Sub-samples underwent comprehensive echocardiography for assessment of cardiac structure; arterial structure including aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid intima-media thickness; and assessment of body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results Each 5 mm Hg higher post-exercise systolic BP was associated with CV structure, including 0.38 g/m 2.7 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.47) greater left-ventricular mass index (LVMI), and 0.04 m/s (95% CI: 0.03, 0.04) greater aortic PWV. Adjustment for age, total body fat, lean mass and BP status attenuated, but did not abolish associations with LVMI (0.14 g/m 2.7 per 5 mm Hg of post-exercise systolic BP; 95% CI 0.21, 0.39) or aortic PWV (0.03 m/s per 5 mm Hg of post-exercise systolic BP; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.04). Conclusion Submaximal exercise systolic BP is associated with markers of CV structure in adolescents. Given the clinical relevance of exercise BP in adulthood, such associations may have implications for CV disease screening in young people and risk in later life.
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Exaggerated exercise blood pressure (EEBP) recorded during clinical exercise testing is independently associated with blood pressure-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes.
“Exaggerated exercise blood pressure recorded during clinical exercise testing is independently associated with blood pressure -related cardiovascular disease outcomes”
From Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Workload, and the Blood Pressure Response to Exercise Testing (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
Several studies have shown relationships between EEBP and adverse cardiac structure and function, indicative of hypertensive heart disease.
“Several studies have also shown relationships between EEBP and adverse cardiac structure [33,34,35,36] and function [37], indicative of hypertensive heart disease.”
From The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance (2022) · cites this paper as [36]
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- Authors
- Schultz, M. G., Park, C., Fraser, A., Howe, L. D., Jones, S., Rapala, A., Davey Smith, G., Sharman, J. E., Lawlor, D. A., Chaturvedi, N., Deanfield, J., & Hughes, A. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Tasmania (AU)
- University College London (GB)
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Schultz, Martin G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 275
- Pages
- 152-157
- ISSN
- 0167-5273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6282652
- OpenAlex
- W2896129984
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- UTAS Research Repository (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (086676/7/08/Z, 102215/2/13/2)
- British Heart Foundation (PG/06/145 & CS/15/6/31468, PG/06/145, CS/15/6/31468)
- Medical Research Council (MR/M009351/1, MR/M020894/1)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (1104731)
- UCLH Biomedical Research Centre
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale School of Medicine
- University of Bristol
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- adolescents, left ventricular mass, aortic pulse wave velocity, carotid intima-media thickness, cardiovascular structure, body composition, hypertension risk, cardiovascular risk, cardiovascular screening
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Blood Pressure, Body Composition, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular System, Cross-Sectional Studies, Echocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Exercise Tolerance, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Vascular Stiffness, Pulse Wave Analysis
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