Unanchored K48-Linked Polyubiquitin Synthesized by the E3-Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM6 Stimulates the Interferon-IKKε Kinase-Mediated Antiviral Response
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Type I interferons (IFN-I) are essential antiviral cytokines produced upon microbial infection. IFN-I elicits this activity through the upregulation of hundreds of IFN-I-stimulated genes (ISGs). The full breadth of ISG induction demands activation of a number of cellular factors including the IκB kinase epsilon (IKKε). However, the mechanism of IKKε activation upon IFN receptor signaling has remained elusive. Here we show that TRIM6, a member of the E3-ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif (TRIM) family of proteins, interacted with IKKε and promoted induction of IKKε-dependent ISGs. TRIM6 and the E2-ubiquitin conjugase UbE2K cooperated in the synthesis of unanchored K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, which activated IKKε for subsequent STAT1 phosphorylation. Our work attributes a previously unrecognized activating role of K48-linked unanchored polyubiquitin chains in kinase activation and identifies the UbE2K-TRIM6-ubiquitin axis as critical for IFN signaling and antiviral response.
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Several TRIM proteins regulate production and action of IFN-β during innate immune response.
“Several TRIM proteins regulate production and action of IFN-β during innate immune response.”
From TRIM33 switches off Ifnb1 gene transcription during the late phase of macrophage activation (2015) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Rajsbaum, R., Versteeg, G. A., Schmid, S., Maestre, A. M., Belicha-Villanueva, A., Martínez-Romero, C., Patel, J. R., Morrison, J., Pisanelli, G., Miorin, L., Laurent-Rolle, M., Moulton, H. M., Stein, D. A., Fernandez-Sesma, A., tenOever, B. R., & García-Sastre, A.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Oregon State University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-06
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 880-895
- ISSN
- 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4114019
- OpenAlex
- W1998041119
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 7.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA033773)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201000054C, U01AI095611, HHSN266200700010C, P01AI090935, U19AI083025, R01AI080624, R01AI073450, 1P01AI90935, U19AI106754)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Keywords
- E3 ubiquitin ligase, K48-linked polyubiquitin, IKKε, type I interferon signaling, interferon-stimulated genes, STAT1 phosphorylation, UBE2K, kinase activation, antiviral response
- MeSH terms
- Tripartite Motif Proteins, Animals, Antiviral Agents, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Activation, Humans, Interferon Type I, Phosphorylation, Signal Transduction, Polyubiquitin, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering, Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, STAT1 Transcription Factor, Mice, I-kappa B Kinase, Janus Kinase 1
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