Omega-3 fatty acids and the treatment of depression: a review of scientific evidence
Open accessAbstract
Depression is a condition in which an individual feels lethargic, irritable, and guilty, has difficulty and trouble, no enjoyment in life, mood swings, sometimes suicidal ideation and thoughts, and loss of pleasure in activities. There are hundreds of millions of individuals suffering from major depression disorder all over the world. This leads to a considerable portion of the economy going for treatment as large amounts of money are spent on drugs every year. Pharmaceutical drugs are not very effective and they also have side effects that compound the problem. There are number of studies which shows that omega-3 fatty acids are proving to be very effective against the treatment of major depression disorder and other psychiatric disorders. However, the data regarding the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in depression treatment are conflicted. This article reviews the recent research showing the relation between omega-3 fatty acids and depression. The roles of the omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of depression are being studied with increased pace in the last decade due to heightened prevalence of depression. It is emphasized that omega-3 fatty acids have no record of associated side effects, which deserves greater attention for further research.
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There is consistent evidence for an association between depleted omega-3 and increased depression risk, though the role of omega-3 supplementation in treatment remains controversial.
“There is consistent evidence in the literature for an association with depleted omega-3 and increased depression risk, though a role for omega-3 supplementation in treatment of depression is still controversial.33”
From Bi-ancestral depression GWAS in the Million Veteran Program and meta-analysis in >1.2 million individuals highlight new therapeutic directions (2021) · cites this paper as [33]
Low omega-3 fatty acid ingestion has been reflected in mental diseases such as depression.
“Furthermore, low omega-3 fatty acid ingestion has been reflected in mental diseases such as depression [59].”
From Role of diet and its effects on the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of mental disorders (2022) · cites this paper as [59]
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- [73]Parker G. Gibson N.A. Brotchie H. Heruc G. Rees A.M. Hadzi-Pavlovic D. Omega-3 fatty acids and mood disorders Am J Psychiatry 163 2006 969 978 16741195
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- Authors
- Wani, A. L., Bhat, S. A., & Ara, A.
- Affiliations
- Aligarh Muslim University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Ara, Anjum
- Venue
- Integrative Medicine Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 132-141
- ISSN
- 2213-4220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5481805
- OpenAlex
- W2160805705
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Integrative Medicine Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, depression, major depressive disorder, antidepressant treatment, dietary supplementation, mental illness
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