Cited by 634Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsAntimicrobial Peptides and ActivitiesBlood disorders and treatments

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NETs: a new strategy for using old weapons

Papayannopoulos, Venizelos, Zychlinsky, Arturo·2009·Trends in Immunology

DOI 10.1016/j.it.2009.07.011

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Abstract

As key players in the host innate immune response, neutrophils are recruited to sites of infection and constitute the first line of defense. They employ three strategies to eliminate invading microbes: microbial uptake, the secretion of antimicrobials, and the recently described release of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Composed of decondensed chromatin and antimicrobial proteins, NETs bind and kill a variety of microbes including bacteria, fungi, and parasites. In addition to using a repertoire of known antimicrobials, NETs incorporate histones into the antimicrobial arsenal. Furthermore, NETs may contribute to microbial containment by forming a physical barrier and a scaffold, to enhance antimicrobial synergy while minimizing damage to host tissues. Their role in innate immunity is only now being uncovered.

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See all 634

Authors: Papayannopoulos, V., & Zychlinsky, A.
Affiliations: Max Planck Society (DE)
Corresponding author: Papayannopoulos, Venizelos
ORCID: Papayannopoulos, Venizelos
Zychlinsky, Arturo
Venue: Trends in Immunology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-11
Volume: 30
Issue: 11
Pages: 513-521
ISSN: 1471-4906 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2009.07.011
OpenAlex: W2101674426
Cited by: 634
References: 101
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 50 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 68
FWCI: 3.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Trends in Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood disorders and treatments
Keywords: neutrophil extracellular traps, neutrophils, innate immunity, antimicrobial peptides, histones, chromatin, antimicrobial synergy
MeSH terms: Animals, Bacterial Infections, Chromatin, Histones, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Neutrophils, Phagocytosis, Cell Degranulation, Autoimmunity, Reactive Oxygen Species

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NETs: a new strategy for using old weapons

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