Present yourself! by MHC class I and MHC class II molecules
Open accessAbstract
Since the discovery of MHC molecules, it has taken 40 years to arrive at a coherent picture of how MHC class I and MHC class II molecules really work. This is a story of the proteases and MHC-like chaperones that support the MHC class I and II molecules in presenting peptides to the immune system. We now understand that the MHC system shapes both the repertoire of presented peptides and the subsequent T cell response, with important implications ranging from transplant rejection to tumor immunotherapies. Here we present an illustrated review of the ins and outs of MHC class I and MHC class II antigen presentation.
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Exosomes do not express MHC class I or II antigens and are non-self-replicating.
“Additionally, research has shown that exosomes do not express MHC class I or II antigens and are non-self-replicating [15].”
From Hydrogel scaffold encapsulating MSC-Exos and ZIF-8 promotes bone regeneration via coordinating osteogenesis and immunomodulation (2025) · cites this paper as [15]
The MHC class II Molecules section discusses which cells express MHC II, not whether exosomes carry MHC I or II. Searches for “exosomes” and “non-self-replicating” found no passage in our copy addressing either claim. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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“Additionally, research has shown that exosomes do not express MHC class I or II antigens and are non-self-replicating [15].”
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“Chemokines and their receptors coordinate the trafficking and spatial organization of immune cells within tumors[59], whereas MHC molecules are involved in antigen presentation and subsequent T-cell activation, which are essential for antitumor immune responses[58, 60].”
- Authors
- Rock, K. L., Reits, E., & Neefjes, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Neefjes, Jacques
- Venue
- Trends in Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 724-737
- ISSN
- 1471-4906 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5159193
- OpenAlex
- W2514929667
- Cited by
- 814
- References
- 130
- Citations by year
- 2026: 96 · 2025: 102 · 2024: 85 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 104 · 2021: 93 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 4.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R56AI110374, R01AI110374, R01AI114495)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- MHC class I, MHC class II, antigen presentation, peptide presentation, proteasome, T cell response, graft rejection, cancer immunotherapy, peptide repertoire
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigens, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Graft Rejection, Humans, Immunotherapy, Lymphocyte Activation, Neoplasms, Peptide Fragments, Peptide Hydrolases, T-Lymphocytes, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Organ Transplantation, Antigen Presentation, Molecular Chaperones
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