The DOI matches its Crossref record; 136 of the 137 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Leptin Resistance
Open accessAbstract
Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone and cytokine that regulates energy balance through a wide range of functions, including several that are important to cardiovascular health. Increased circulating leptin, a marker of leptin resistance, is common in obesity and independently associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in humans. The mechanisms of leptin resistance include genetic mutation, leptin self-regulation, limited tissue access, and cellular or circulating molecular regulation. Evidence suggests that central leptin resistance causes obesity and that obesity-induced leptin resistance injures numerous peripheral tissues, including liver, pancreas, platelets, vasculature, and myocardium. This metabolic- and inflammatory-mediated injury may result from either resistance to leptin's action in selective tissues, or excess leptin action from adiposity-associated hyperleptinemia. In this sense, the term "leptin resistance" encompasses a complex pathophysiological phenomenon. The leptin axis has functional interactions with elements of metabolism, such as insulin, and inflammation, including mediators of innate immunity, such as interleukin-6. Leptin is even purported to physically interact with C-reactive protein, resulting in leptin resistance, which is particularly intriguing, given C-reactive protein's well-studied relationship to cardiovascular disease. Given that plasma levels of leptin and inflammatory markers are correlated and also predict cardiovascular risk, it is conceivable that part of this risk may be mediated through leptin resistance-related insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, type II diabetes, hypertension, atherothrombosis, and myocardial injury. Leptin resistance and its interactions with metabolic and inflammatory factors, therefore, represent potential novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in obesity-related cardiovascular disease.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The adipocyte acts as an endocrine organ, and plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis and complications of obesity (1,10).”
From Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease (2009) · cites this paper as [10]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue
Zhang, Y., Proenca, R., Maffei, M., Barone, M., Leopold, L., & Friedman, J. M. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/372425a0 · Cited by 13,419
Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Artery Disease
Hansson, G. K. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra043430 · Cited by 8,773
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004
Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Curtin, L. R., McDowell, M. A., Tabak, C. J., & Flegal, K. M. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.13.1549 · Cited by 8,720
Pearson, T. A., Mensah, G. A., Alexander, R. W., Anderson, J. L., Cannon, R. O., Criqui, M., Fadl, Y. Y., Fortmann, S. P., Hong, Y., Myers, G. L., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000052939.59093.45 · Cited by 6,401
Serum Immunoreactive-Leptin Concentrations in Normal-Weight and Obese Humans
Considine, R. V., Sinha, M. K., Heiman, M. L., Kriauciunas, A., Stephens, T. W., Nyce, M. R., Ohannesian, J. P., Marco, C. C., McKee, L. J., Bauer, T. L., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199602013340503 · Cited by 6,326
Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals
Friedman, J. M., & Halaas, J. L. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/27376 · Cited by 5,405
C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin 6, and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Pradhan, A. D. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.3.327 · Cited by 4,433
Effects of the obese Gene Product on Body Weight Regulation in ob / ob Mice
Pelleymounter, M. A., Cullen, M. J., Baker, M. B., Hecht, R., Winters, D., Boone, T., & Collins, F. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7624776 · Cited by 4,017
Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-R.
Tartaglia, L. A., Dembski, M., Weng, X., Deng, N., Culpepper, J., Devos, R., Richards, G. J., Campfield, L. A., Clark, F. T., Deeds, J., et al. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90151-5 · Cited by 3,496
European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults
Yumuk, V., Tsigos, C., Fried, M., Schindler, K., Busetto, L., Micic, D., & Toplak, H. (2015) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000442721 · Cited by 3,432
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–516 of 516
Kim, D., Memili, A., Chen, H.-H., Highland, H. M., Polikowsky, H. G., Anwar, M. Y., Laing, S. T., Lee, M., McCormick, J. B., Fisher-Hoch, S. P., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24070244
Enarsson, M., Feldreich, T., Byberg, L., Nowak, C., Lind, L., & Ärnlöv, J. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15058155
Enarsson, M., Feldreich, T., Byberg, L., Nowak, C., Lind, L., & Ärnlöv, J. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15058167
Hormonal Modulation of Fat Mass Induced Insulin Resistance
Rajha, H. E., Arabi, A., Nasrallah, D., Assami, D., Al-Haneedi, Y., Ahmed, M. B., Habib, A. M., Iskandrani, A., Abdalhakam, I., Shreim, M., et al. (2025) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1177/15578518251391614
Mofrad, M. D., Nosal, B. M., Bi, J., & Chun, O. K. (2026) · Journal of the American Nutrition Association · doi:10.1080/27697061.2025.2588435
Managing Obesity in Heart Failure Patients: Current Evidence and Strategies
Sharma, S., Giri, G. K., Desai, A., Ruiz, J., Gomez, V., & GOSWAMI, R. M. (2026) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2026.02.016
Megaraaj, D. V., Ravi, S., Balagangadharan, M., Dorairaj, J., Meikandan, G. N., & Chandrasekaran, K. (2026) · World Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2766
Etude de la contribution de l'hormone adipocytaire leptine dans la pathogenèse du syndrome de Rett
Belaïdouni, Y. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f69d2875zfa9fz4465z917eza8e7b93935c6
Olfactory dysfunction in obesity and type 2 diabetes: mechanistic insights from preclinical models
Bulk, J., Reimon, L. C., & Steculorum, S. M. (2026) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-026-06755-w · Cited by 1
The mandarin fish cart3a gene: Structure, expression, and role in feeding regulation
Cheng, Y., Dong, J., Zhang, H. S., ZHANG, Y., Gao, F., Wang, F., Wang, Z., Ye, X., Wu, C., & Sun, C. (2026) · Aquaculture Reports · doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103674
Inflammation and the Heart: The Role of Traditional Factors
Cheraghi, M., Amin, A., Jabarzare, S., Sabooteh, T., Moradi, P., Dehghani, M., Sedighi, M., Hatami, F., Rafieian, A., & Farshidfar, T. (2026) · Cardiology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/crp/4623305
Can Leptin Responsiveness Be Restored in Common Human Obesity?
Janssen, J. A. M. J. L. (2026) · Lipidology · doi:10.3390/lipidology3030024
Cavalheira, M. A., da Silva, E. M., de Menezes, M. P., Silva, D. L. B., de Oliveira, B. C., Bertasso, I. M., Lisboa, P. C., Fernandes‐Santos, C., da Costa, C. A., Resende, Â. C., et al. (2026) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2026.09.006
Herrick, J. E. (2009) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/08zr-f665
Metadata
- Authors
- Martin, S. S., Qasim, A., & Reilly, M. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Reilly, Muredach P.
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1201-1210
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4556270
- OpenAlex
- W102714011
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 137
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 3.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK071224)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- leptin resistance, leptin, obesity, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia, chronic inflammation, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherothrombosis, myocardial injury, energy balance, leptin signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Leptin
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
