Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated With Increased Risk for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Adults
Open accessAbstract
Objectives This study sought to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.Background SCH may increase the risks of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. The associations between SCH and all-cause or CVD mortality are uncertain, on the basis of the results of previous studies.Methods A baseline cohort of 115,746 participants without a history of thyroid disease, ≥20 years of age, was recruited in Taiwan. SCH was defined as a serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level of 5.0 to 19.96 mIU/l with normal total thyroxine concentrations. Euthyroidism was defined as a serum TSH level of 0.47 to 4.9 mIU/l. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) of death from all-cause and CVD for adults with SCH during a 10-year follow-up period.Results There were 3,669 deaths during the follow-up period; 680 deaths were due to CVD. Compared with subjects with euthyroidism, after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, physical activity, income, and education level, the RRs (95% confidence interval) of deaths from all-cause and CVD among subjects with SCH were 1.30 (1.02 to 1.66), and 1.68 (1.02 to 2.76), respectively.Conclusions Adult Taiwanese with SCH had an increased risk for all-cause mortality and CVD death.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In primary studies in euthyroid or subclinically hypothyroid patients, thyroid function testing was done only at baseline.
“Moreover, in primary studies in euthyroid or subclinically hypothyroid patients,13 and in the related meta-analyses and reviews,14 15 16 17 18 19 20 thyroid function testing was done only at baseline.”
From Thyroid replacement therapy, thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations, and long term health outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism: longitudinal study (2019) · cites this paper as [13]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men
Lakka, H.-M. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.21.2709 · Cited by 5,033 · see citing works
Hollowell, J. G., Staehling, N. W., Flanders, W. D., Hannon, W. H., Gunter, E. W., Spencer, C. A., & Braverman, L. E. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.87.2.489 · Cited by 4,279 · see citing works
The Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence Study
Canaris, G. J., Manowitz, N. R., Mayor, G., & Ridgway, E. C. (2000) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.160.4.526 · Cited by 2,824 · see citing works
THE SPECTRUM OF THYROID DISEASE IN A COMMUNITY: THE WHICKHAM SURVEY
Tunbridge, W. M. G., Evered, D. C., Hall, R., Appleton, D. R., BREWIS, M., CLARK, F., Evans, J. G., Young, E. T., Bird, T., & Smith, P. (1977) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1977.tb01340.x · Cited by 2,665 · see citing works
Subclinical Thyroid Disease: Scientific Review and Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management
Surks, M. I., Ortiz, E., Daniels, G. H., Sawin, C. T., Col, N. F., Cobin, R. H., Franklyn, J. A., Hershman, J. M., Burman, K. D., Denke, M. A., et al. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.2.228 · Cited by 1,800 · see citing works
The Clinical Significance of Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction
Biondi, B., & Cooper, D. S. (2008) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2006-0043 · Cited by 1,418 · see citing works
Hak, A. E., Pols, H. A. P., Visser, T. J., Drexhage, H. A., Hofman, A., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2000) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-4-200002150-00004 · Cited by 1,336 · see citing works
Klein, I., & Danzi, S. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.678326 · Cited by 1,324 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality
Rodondi, N., den Elzen, W. P. J., Bauer, D. C., Cappola, A. R., Razvi, S., Walsh, J. P., Åsvold, B. O., Iervasi, G., Imaizumi, M., Collet, T.-H., et al. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1361 · Cited by 1,216 · see citing works
Thyroid Status, Disability and Cognitive Function, and Survival in Old Age
Gussekloo, J. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.292.21.2591 · Cited by 899 · see citing works
Thyroid Status, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mortality in Older Adults
Cappola, A. R., Fried, L. P., Arnold, A. M., Danese, M. D., Kuller, L. H., Burke, G. L., Tracy, R. P., & Ladenson, P. W. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.9.1033 · Cited by 862 · see citing works
Knudsen, N., Laurberg, P., Rasmussen, L. B., Bülow, I., Perrild, H., Ovesen, L., & Jørgensen, T. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2225 · Cited by 753 · cited 12× · see citing works
“Our data revealed that subjects with SCH had higher BMI than euthyroid subjects.”
InfluentialXu, J., Kochanek, K. D., Murphy, S. L., & Tejada‐Vera, B. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease
Walsh, J. P., Bremner, A. P., Bulsara, M. K., O’Leary, P., Leedman, P. J., Feddema, P., & Michelangeli, V. (2005) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.165.21.2467 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Cooper, D. S. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200107263450406 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of heart failure, other cardiovascular events, and death
Rodondi, N., Newman, A. B., Vittinghoff, E., de Rekeneire, N., Satterfield, S., Harris, T. B., & Bauer, D. C. (2005) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.165.21.2460 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Meta-analysis: Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk for Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality
Ochs, N., Auer, R., Bauer, D. C., Nanchen, D., Gussekloo, J., Cornuz, J., & Rodondi, N. (2008) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-11-200806030-00225 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
L-Thyroxine Therapy in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
COOPER, D. S., HALPERN, R., WOOD, L. C., LEVIN, A. A., & RIDGWAY, E. C. (1984) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-1-18 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Sutton, P. D., Ventura, S. J., Mathews, T. J., Kirmeyer, S., & Osterman, M. J. K. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Lin, W.-Y., Lee, L.-T., Chen, C.-Y., Lo, H., Hsia, H.-H., Liu, I.-L., Lin, R.-S., Shau, W., & Huang, K.-C. (2002) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802040 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Self-citationGharib, H., Tuttle, R. M., Baskin, H. J., Fish, L. H., Singer, P. A., & McDermott, M. T. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1231 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism: An Update for Primary Care Physicians
Fatourechi, V. (2009) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/84.1.65 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Risk for Ischemic Heart Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Imaizumi, M., Akahoshi, M., Ichimaru, S., Nakashima, E., Hida, A., Soda, M., Usa, T., Ashizawa, K., Yokoyama, N., Maeda, R., et al. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031089 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Åsvold, B. O., Vatten, L. J., Nilsen, T. I. L., & Bjøro, T. (2007) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.1.02333 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Razvi, S., Shakoor, A., Vanderpump, M., Weaver, J. U., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0167 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Accuracy of cause-of-death coding in Taiwan: types of miscoding and effects on mortality statistics
Lu, T., Lee, M.-C., & Chou, M. (2000) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/29.2.336 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunction in cardiac patients
Iervasi, G. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.14.1526 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Garduño-Garcia, J. D. J., Alvirde-Garcia, U., López-Carrasco, G., Padilla Mendoza, M. E., Mehta, R., Arellano-Campos, O., Choza, R., Sauque, L., Garay-Sevilla, M. E., Malacara, J. M., et al. (2010) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-10-0312 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Razvi, S., Weaver, J. U., Vanderpump, M. P. J., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1749 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Iacobellis, G., Ribaudo, M. C., Zappaterreno, A., Iannucci, C. V., & Leonetti, F. (2005) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02247.x · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Luboshitzky, R., Aviv, A., Herer, P., & Lavie, L. (2002) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/105072502760043512 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
A 6-month randomized trial of thyroxine treatment in women with mild subclinical hypothyroidism
Kong, W. M., Sheikh, M. H., Lumb, P. J., Freedman, D. B., Crook, M. A., Doré, C. J., & Finer, N. (2002) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01022-7 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Vanderpump, M. P. J., Tunbridge, W. M. G., French, J. M., Appleton, D. R., Bates, D., Clark, F., Evans, J. G., Rodgers, H., Tunbridge, F. K. E., & Young, E. T. (1996) · PubMed · doi:10.1089/thy.1996.6.155 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
IQBAL, A., JORDE, R., & FIGENSCHAU, Y. (2006) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01652.x · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Haentjens, P., Van Meerhaeghe, A., Poppe, K., & Velkeniers, B. (2008) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-08-0110 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in a Biethnic, Urban Community
Lindeman, R. D., Schade, D. S., LaRue, A. A., Romero, L. J., Liang, H. C., Baumgartner, R. N., Koehler, K. M., & Garry, P. J. (1999) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01593.x · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Lin, W., Chiu, T., Lee, L., Lin, C., Huang, C., & Huang, K. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1204 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationVölzke, H., Schwahn, C., Wallaschofski, H., & Dörr, M. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0179 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and blood pressure: a community‐based study
Walsh, J. P., Bremner, A. P., Bulsara, M. K., O’Leary, P., Leedman, P. J., Feddema, P., & Michelangeli, V. (2006) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02619.x · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Borderline low thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. Risk factors for coronary heart disease?
Tièche, M., Lupi, G. A., Gutzwiller, F. S., Grob, P. J., Studer, H., & Bürgi, H. (1981) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.46.2.202 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Increased Pulse Wave Velocity in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Nagasaki, T., Inaba, M., Kumeda, Y., Hiura, Y., Shirakawa, K., Yamada, S., Henmi, Y., Ishimura, E., & Nishizawà, Y. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1342 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Body mass index and all-cause mortality in a large Chinese cohort
Lin, W., Tsai, S.-L., Albu, J., Lin, C., Li, T., Pi‐Sunyer, F. X., Sung, P. K., & Huang, K. (2011) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.100303 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationSYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS IN CORONARY HEART-DISEASE
Heinonen, O. P., Aho, K., Pyörälà, K., Gordin, A., Punsar, S., & Puro, K. (1972) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90534-x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated With Coronary Artery Disease in Older Persons
Mya, M. M., & Aronow, W. S. (2002) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/57.10.m658 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Body mass index and all-cause mortality in a large Chinese cohort
Lin, W., Tsai, S.-L., Albu, J., et al. (2011) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.101303 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute Effects of Triiodothyronine on Endothelial Function in Human Subjects
Napoli, R., Guardasole, V., Angelini, V., Zarra, E., Terracciano, D., D’Anna, C., Matarazzo, M., Oliviero, U., Macchia, V., & Saccà, L. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1552 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Subclinical thyroid disorders: significance and clinical impact
Razvi, S., Weaver, J. U., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1136/jcp.2008.057414 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Metabolic cardiovascular disease risk factors and their clustering in subclinical hypothyroidism
Ashizawa, K., Imaizumi, M., Usa, T., Tominaga, T., Sera, N., Hida, A., Ejima, E., Neriishi, K., Soda, M., Ichimaru, S., et al. (2009) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03697.x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Prevalence Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Elderly of Taiwan
Chuang, C., Wang, S., Wang, P., & Yu, M.-L. (1998) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000022002 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kp, C., Ty, L., Py, H., Cc, S., Cy, C., Hm, C., & Hc, H. (1976) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Gender-specific associations between subclinical hypothyroidism and blood pressure in Chinese adults
Duan, Y., Wang, X., Peng, W. H., Feng, Y. Y., Tang, W., Wu, X., Mao, X., Bo, R., Li, W., Chen, J., et al. (2009) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-009-9244-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 52 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Hormonal Replacement in Hypopituitarism in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Fleseriu, M., Hashim, I. A., Karavitaki, N., Melmed, S., Murad, M. H., Salvatori, R., & Samuels, M. H. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2118 · Cited by 945 · see citing works
2013 ETA Guideline: Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Pearce, S. H. S., Brabant, G., Duntas, L. H., Monzani, F., Peeters, R. P., Razvi, S., & Wemeau, J.-L. (2013) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000356507 · Cited by 877 · see citing works
Udovcic, M., Pena, R. H., Patham, B., Tabatabai, L. S., & Kansara, A. (2017) · Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal · doi:10.14797/mdcj-13-2-55 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Vadiveloo, T., Donnan, P. T., Murphy, M. J., & Leese, G. P. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3191 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Moon, S., Kim, M. J., Yu, J. M., Yoo, H. J., & Park, Y. J. (2018) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2017.0414 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Ning, Y., Cheng, Y. J., Liu, L. J., Sara, J. D. S., Cao, Z. Y., Zheng, W. P., Zhang, T. S., Han, H. J., Yang, Z. Y., Zhang, Y., et al. (2017) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-017-0777-9 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Thyroid Function in Heart Failure and Impact on Mortality
Mitchell, J. E., Hellkamp, A. S., Mark, D. B., Anderson, J., Johnson, G. W., Poole, J. E., Lee, K. L., & Bardy, G. H. (2013) · JACC Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2012.10.004 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Thayakaran, R., Adderley, N. J., Sainsbury, C., Torlinska, B., Boelaert, K., Šumilo, D., Price, M., Thomas, G. N., Toulis, K. A., & Nirantharakumar, K. (2019) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.l4892 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Gyawali, P., Takanche, J. S., Shrestha, R. K., Bhattarai, P., Khanal, K., Risal, P., & Koju, R. (2015) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.1.66 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Guan, B., Chen, Y., Yang, J., Yang, W., & Wang, C. (2017) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-017-2965-2 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Is subclinical hypothyroidism a cardiovascular risk factor in the elderly?
Pasqualetti, G., Tognini, S., Polini, A., Caraccio, N., & Monzani, F. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3818 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular consequences: An alarming wake-up call?
Manolis, A. S., Manolis, T. A., Melita, H., & Manolis, A. S. (2019) · Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2019.02.011 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Khan, R., Sikanderkhel, S., Gui, J., Adeniyi, A.-R., O’Dell, K., Erickson, M., Malpartida, J. C., Mufti, Z., Khan, T., Mufti, H., et al. (2020) · Cardiology Research · doi:10.14740/cr1034 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Diagnosis and Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Elderly Adults: A Review of the Literature
Hennessey, J. V., & Espaillat, R. (2015) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.13532 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Hayashi, T., Hasegawa, T., Kanzaki, H., Funada, A., Amaki, M., Takahama, H., Ohara, T., Sugano, Y., Yasuda, S., Ogawa, H., et al. (2016) · ESC Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ehf2.12084 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Levothyroxine for the Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Cardiovascular Disease
Sue, L. Y., & Leung, A. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.591588 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Chang, C., Yeh, Y., Caffrey, J. L., Shih, S., Chuang, L., & Tu, Y. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07004-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis is an early trigger for hypothyroid atherosclerosis
Wang, P., Xu, T., Guan, Y., Zhao, Y. H., Li, Z., Lan, X.-H., Wang, X., Yang, P., Kang, Z., Vanhoutte, P. M., et al. (2014) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvu056 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Chiang, C., Lee, L., Hung, S.-H., Lin, C., Hung, H.-F., Yang, W., Sung, P.-K., & Huang, K. (2014) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27014 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationChang, Y., Hua, S., Chang, C., Kao, W.-Y., Lee, H.-L., Chuang, L., Huang, Y., & Lai, M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8060817 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Liang, R., Fan, L., Lai, X., Shi, D., Wang, H., Shi, W., Liu, W., Yu, L., Song, J., & Wang, B. (2024) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.108773 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Mechanism of subclinical hypothyroidism accelerating endothelial dysfunction (Review)
Lu, M. H., Yang, C., Gao, L., & Zhao, J. (2014) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2014.2037 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Jabbar, A., Ingoe, L., Junejo, S., Carey, P., Addison, C., Thomas, H., Parikh, J. D., Austin, D., Hollingsworth, K. G., Stocken, D. D., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.9389 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Weltman, N. Y., Ojamaa, K., Schlenker, E. H., Chen, Y., Zucchi, R., Saba, A., Colligiani, D., Rajagopalan, V., Pol, C. J., & Gerdes, A. M. (2014) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.2119/molmed.2013.00040 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Cardiovascular Disease
Suh, S., & Kim, D. K. (2015) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2015.30.3.246 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The Effect of Thyroid Function on Clinical Outcome in Patients with Heart Failure
Chen, S., Shauer, A., Zwas, D. R., Lotan, C., Keren, A., & Gotsman, I. (2013) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.42 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Vigário, P. D. S., Vaisman, F., Coeli, C. M., Ward, L., Graf, H., Carvalho, G., Júnior, R. M., & Vaisman, M. (2013) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9886-1 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Characteristics of Compensated Hypogonadism in Patients with Sexual Dysfunction
Corona, G., Maseroli, E., Rastrelli, G., Sforza, A., Forti, G., Mannucci, E., & Maggi, M. (2014) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/jsm.12549 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Elevated Arterial Stiffness and Diastolic Dysfunction in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Masaki, M., Komamura, K., Goda, A., Hirotani, S., Otsuka, M., Nakabo, A., Fukui, M., Fujiwara, S., Sugahara, M., Lee‐Kawabata, M., et al. (2014) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-13-1556 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Tseng, F., Lin, W., Li, C.-I., Li, T., Lin, C., & Huang, K. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122955 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationFontes, R. G., Coeli, C. M., AGUIAR, F. P. L., & Vaisman, M. (2013) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/1756-6614-6-13 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Rajagopalan, V., Zhang, Y., Ojamaa, K., Chen, Y., Pingitore, A., Pol, C. J., Saunders, D., Balasubramanian, K., Towner, R. A., & Gerdes, A. M. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151413 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Chang, Y., Chang, C., Yeh, Y., Chuang, L., & Tu, Y. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19693-4 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Subclinical hypothyroidism and vascular risk: An update
Lioudaki, E., Mavroeidi, N., Mikhailidis, D. P., & Ganotakis, E. S. (2013) · HORMONES · doi:10.14310/horm.2002.1437 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Janssen, I. M. C., Homan, J., Schijns, W., Betzel, B., Aarts, E. O., Berends, F. J., & de Boer, H. (2015) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2015.02.021 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Restoration of thyroid hormone balance: a game changer in the treatment of heart failure?
Gerdes, A. M. (2014) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00704.2014 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Risk for Incident Myocardial Infarction Among Postmenopausal Women
LeGrys, V. A., Funk, M. J., Lorenz, C., Giri, A., Jackson, R. D., Manson, J. E., Schectman, R., Edwards, T. L., HEISS, G. M., & Hartmann, K. E. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-4065 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Ross, D. S. (2022) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13410 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Hypothyroidism and metabolic cardiovascular disease
Patrizio, A., Ferrari, S. M., Elia, G., Ragusa, F., Balestri, E., Botrini, C., Rugani, L., Mazzi, V., Antonelli, A., Fallahi, P., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1408684 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Cheserek, M. J., Wu, G., Ntazinda, A., Shi, Y., Shen, L., & Le, G. (2014) · Journal of Medical Biochemistry · doi:10.2478/jomb-2014-0044 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Thyroid Hormone and Cardioprotection
Gerdes, A. M., & Ojamaa, K. (2016) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c150012 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated With Adverse Prognosis in Heart Failure Patients
Sato, Y., Yoshihisa, A., Kimishima, Y., Kiko, T., Watanabe, S., Kanno, Y., Abe, S., Miyata, M., Sato, T., Suzuki, S., et al. (2017) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2017.10.021 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Update on subclinical thyroid dysfunction
Hashimoto, K. (2022) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0182 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Yu, Y.-T., Ho, C.-T., Hsu, H.-S., Li, C.-I., Davidson, L. E., Liu, C.-S., Li, T., Shih, C., Lin, C., & Lin, W. (2013) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9915-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, F.-H., Hwang, J., Kuo, C., Ko, Y., Chen, S., & Lin, J. (2018) · Biomedical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bj.2018.02.002 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Liu, P., Liu, R., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Wang, D., Zhang, F., & Wang, Y. (2015) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007995.2015.1094044 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Deshmukh, V. C., Farishta, F., & Bhole, M. (2018) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2018/2930251 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Okayama, D., Minami, Y., Kataoka, S., Shiga, T., & Hagiwara, N. (2015) · Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2015.04.006 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Anagnostis, P. G., Efstathiadou, Z. A., Slavakis, A., Selalmatzidou, D., Poulasouchidou, M., Katergari, S., Karathanasi, E. M., Dogramatzi, F., & Kita, M. D. (2014) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.12394 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bedaiwy, M. A., Abdel-Rahman, M., Tan, J., AbdelHafez, F. F., Abdelkareem, A. O., Henry, D., Lisonkova, S., Hurd, W. W., & LIU, J. H. (2018) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2017.6584 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Blocking mitochondrial cyclophilin D ameliorates TSH-impaired defensive barrier of artery
Liu, X., Du, H., Chai, Q., Jia, Q., Liu, L., Zhao, M., Li, J., Tang, H. R., Chen, W., Zhao, L., et al. (2018) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2018.01.004 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Associations between thyroid function and mortality: the influence of age
van de Ven, A. C., Netea-Maier, R. T., de Vegt, F., Ross, H. A., Sweep, F. C. G. J., Kiemeney, L. A., Smit, J. W., Hermus, A. R., & den Heijer, M. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-13-1070 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Pan, B., Du, X., Zhang, H., Hua, X., Wan, X. H., & Cao, C. (2019) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000499201 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Tsai, T., Tu, Y., Munir, K. M., Lin, S., Chang, R. H., Kao, S., Loh, C., Peng, C. C., & Huang, H. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz186 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Weltman, N. Y., Ojamaa, K., Savinova, O. V., Chen, Y., Schlenker, E. H., Zucchi, R., Saba, A., Colligiani, D., Pol, C. J., & Gerdes, A. M. (2013) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-2087 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, H., & Zhang, X. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad558 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Xie, Y., Ding, C., Xiao, J., Tang, Y., Jiang, X., Shan, H., Lin, Y., Zhu, Y., Li, C., et al. (2017) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.13383 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Association of Hypothyroidism With All-Cause Mortality: A Cohort Study in an Older Adult Population
Huang, H., Wang, J., & Kao, S. (2018) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00408 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lee, Y., Lim, Y., Shin, J., Park, J., & Shin, J. (2018) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.192 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Heart rate variability in hypothyroid patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Brusseau, V., Tauveron, I., Bagheri, R., Ugbolue, U. C., Magnon, V., Navel, V., Bouillon‐Minois, J., & Dutheil, F. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269277 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
BNP as a New Biomarker of Cardiac Thyroid Hormone Function
Wang, K., Ojamaa, K., Samuels, A., Gilani, N., Zhang, K., An, S., Zhang, Y., Tang, Y., Askari, B., & Gerdes, A. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00729 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Duntas, L. H., & Chiovato, L. (2014) · touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology · doi:10.17925/ee.2014.10.02.157 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Jiang, L., Du, J., Wu, W., Fang, J., Wang, J., & Ding, J. (2020) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12902-020-00586-5 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Falcone, C., Matrone, B., Bozzinì, S., Guasti, L., Falcone, R., Benzi, A., Colonna, A., Savulescu, I. G., Vailati, A., & Pelissero, G. (2014) · International Heart Journal · doi:10.1536/ihj.13-198 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Subclinical hypothyroidism: Controversies to consensus
Raza, S., & Mahmood, N. (2013) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/2230-8210.123555 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Syamsunder, A. N., Pal, P., Pal, G. K., Kamalanathan, C., Parija, S. C., Nanda, N., & Sirisha, A. (2016) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.1080/07435800.2016.1181648 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Yao, Z. J., Gao, X., Liu, M., Chen, Z., Yang, N., Jia, Y., Feng, X., Xu, Y., Yang, X., & Wang, G. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22970-x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Triiodothyronine maintains cardiac transverse-tubule structure and function
Gilani, N., Wang, K., Muncan, A., Peter, J., An, S., Bhatti, S., Pandya, K., Zhang, Y., Tang, Y., Gerdes, A. M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.06.010 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kim, T. H., Choi, H. S., Bae, J. C., Moon, J. H., Kim, H., Choi, S. H., Lim, S. K., Park, D. J., Park, K. S., Jang, H. C., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-14-0464 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Sohn, S. Y., Seo, G. H., & Chung, J. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.680647 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Silva, N., Santos, O. D. C., de Morais, F. F. C., Gottlieb, I., Hadlich, M., Rothstein, T., Tauil, M., Veras, N., Vaisman, M., & Teixeira, P. D. F. D. S. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-14-0031 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Effect of physical exercise in people with hypothyroidism: systematic review and meta-analysis
Duñabeitia, I., González-Devesa, D., Varela, S., Diz, J. C., & Ayán, C. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365513.2023.2286651 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Risk for Incident Ischemic Stroke Among Postmenopausal Women
Giri, A., Edwards, T. L., LeGrys, V. A., Lorenz, C., Funk, M. J., Schectman, R., HEISS, G. M., Robinson, J. G., & Hartmann, K. E. (2014) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0106 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Yuan, D., Jia, S., Zhu, P., Zhang, C., Liu, Y., Liu, R., Xu, J., Tang, X., Zhao, X., Gao, R., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.700349 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Berezin, A. Е., Kremzer, A. A., Martovitskaya, Y. V., Samura, T. A., & Berezina, T. A. (2015) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2015.08.001 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Cheng, L., Chung, C., Peng, C., Shu, C., Wu, S., Wang, S., Wu, G., Tsao, C., Sun, C., Chien, W., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.900858 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Li, J., Li, Y., Shi, X., Teng, D., Teng, X., Teng, W., & Shan, Z. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064613 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Erem, C., Suleyman, A. K., Civan, N., Menteşe, A., Nuhoğlu, İ., Uzun, A., Coşkun, H., & Değer, O. (2016) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.3109/07435800.2016.1163722 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Holley, M., Razvi, S., Farooq, M. S., Dew, R., Maxwell, I., & Wilkes, S. (2024) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-024-02548-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Berezin, A. Е., Kremzer, A. A., Martovitskaya, Y. V., Samura, T. A., & Berezina, T. A. (2015) · Research in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.5812/cardiovascmed.29094 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ndrepepa, G., Braun, S., Mayer, K., Cassese, S., Fusaro, M., Byrne, R. A., Hoppmann, P., Schunkert, H., Laugwitz, K., & Kastrati, A. (2015) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2015.07.009 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Association between thyroid hormone levels and insulin resistance and body mass index
Aksoy, N., Yeler, M. T., Ayan, N. N., Özkeskin, A., Özkan, Z., & Serin, O. (2015) · Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.12669/pjms.316.7560 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Chuang, M.-H., Liao, K., Hung, Y., Chou, Y. C., & Chou, P. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168611 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kim, H., Kong, S. H., Moon, J. H., Kim, S. Y., Park, K., Kim, J. S., Choh, J. H., Park, Y. J., & Lim, C. (2020) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2020.35.2.308 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wang, X., Wang, H., Yan, L., Yang, L., Xue, Y., Yang, J., Yao, Y., Tang, X., Tong, N., Wang, G., et al. (2021) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2021.1101 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Masaki, M., Koide, K., Goda, A., Miyazaki, A., Masuyama, T., & Koshiba, M. (2019) · Heart and Vessels · doi:10.1007/s00380-019-01355-8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mazur, P. K., Sokołowski, G., Hubalewska–Dydejczyk, A., Płaczkiewicz‐Jankowska, E., & Undas, A. (2014) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2014.05.041 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Yang, L., Zou, J., Zhang, M., Xu, H. Y., Qi, W., Gao, L., & Zhao, J. (2013) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0448 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Serum Total Sialic Acid Level is Elevated in Hypothyroid Patients as an Atherosclerotic Risk Factor
Altay, M., Karakoç, M. A., Çakır, N., Yılmaz, C., Cerit, E. T., Aktürk, M., Ateş, İ., Bukan, N. C., & Arslan, M. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis · doi:10.1002/jcla.22034 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Hormone treatments in congestive heart failure
Lei, L., & Mao, Y. (2018) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/0300060518761262 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Campi, I., Dell’Acqua, M., Stellaria Grassi, E., Cristina Vigone, M., & Persani, L. (2023) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1530/etj-23-0012 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Tsou, M.-T. (2021) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvab028 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Iodine‐Induced Hypothyroidism and Long‐Term Risks of Incident Heart Failure
Inoue, K., Guo, R., Lee, M. L., Neverova, N. V., Ebrahimi, R., Currier, J. W., Bashir, M. T., & Leung, A. M. (2023) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.123.030511 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Aldossari, K. K., Al-Ghamdi, S. H., Alzahrani, J. M., Jammah, A. A., Alanazi, B. G., Albriek, A. Z., & Alanazi, M. A. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis · doi:10.1002/jcla.22983 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Deng, L., Wang, L., Zheng, X., Shuai, P., & Liu, Y. (2021) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.1080/07435800.2021.1928177 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Krysiak, R. G., Gilowski, W., Szkróbka, W., & Okopień, B. (2014) · Cardiovascular Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/1755-5922.12095 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Thyrotropin Alters T Cell Development in the Thymus in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Mouse Model
Wu, K., Zhao, M., Ma, C., Zhang, H., Liu, X., Zhou, L., Zhao, J., Gao, L., & Wang, D. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/sji.12507 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Serum H-FABP levels in patients with hypothyroidism
Güneş, F., Aşık, M., Temız, A., Vural, A., Şen, H., Binnetoğlu, E., Bozkurt, N., Tekeli, Z., Erbağ, G., Ükinç, K., et al. (2014) · Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0612-7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Tuliani, T. A., Shenoy, M. H., Belgrave, K., Deshmukh, A. J., Pant, S., Hilliard, A. A., & Afonso, L. (2017) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2017.04.022 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Balamurugan, V., Maradi, R., Joshi, V., Shenoy, B., & Goud, M. (2022) · Journal of Medical Biochemistry · doi:10.5937/jomb0-37007 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tseng, F.-Y., Lin, W.-Y., Lin, C.-C., Lee, L.-T., Li, T.-C., Sung, P.-K., & Huang, K.-C.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- China Medical University (TW)
- Asia University (TW)
- National Taiwan University Hospital (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Huang, Kuo-Chin
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 730-737
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2081641269
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 15.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Taiwan Department of Health Clinical Trial and Research Center (DOH101-TD-B-111-004)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Keywords
- subclinical hypothyroidism, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, thyroid-stimulating hormone, euthyroidism, cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, Taiwanese adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Research Design, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Taiwan, Thyrotropin, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index, Proportional Hazards Models, Diabetes Complications
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
