Increased Mortality Associated With Digoxin in Contemporary Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Open accessAbstract
Background Despite endorsement of digoxin in clinical practice guidelines, there exist limited data on its safety in atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF).Objectives The goal of this study was to evaluate the association of digoxin with mortality in AF.Methods Using complete data of the TREAT-AF (The Retrospective Evaluation and Assessment of Therapies in AF) study from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, we identified patients with newly diagnosed, nonvalvular AF seen within 90 days in an outpatient setting between VA fiscal years 2004 and 2008. We used multivariate and propensity-matched Cox proportional hazards to evaluate the association of digoxin use with death. Residual confounding was assessed by sensitivity analysis.Results Of 122,465 patients with 353,168 person-years of follow-up (age 72.1 ± 10.3 years, 98.4% male), 28,679 (23.4%) patients received digoxin. Cumulative mortality rates were higher for digoxin-treated patients than for untreated patients (95 vs. 67 per 1,000 person-years; p < 0.001). Digoxin use was independently associated with mortality after multivariate adjustment (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23 to 1.29, p < 0.001) and propensity matching (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.25, p < 0.001), even after adjustment for drug adherence. The risk of death was not modified by age, sex, heart failure, kidney function, or concomitant use of beta-blockers, amiodarone, or warfarin.Conclusions Digoxin was associated with increased risk of death in patients with newly diagnosed AF, independent of drug adherence, kidney function, cardiovascular comorbidities, and concomitant therapies. These findings challenge current cardiovascular society recommendations on use of digoxin in AF.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Observational studies have associated digoxin use with excess mortality in AF patients.
“Observational studies have associated digoxin use with excess mortality in AF patients, [547][548][549] but this association is likely due to selection and prescription biases rather than harm caused by digoxin, [550][551][552][553] particularly as digoxin is commonly prescribed to sicker patients.225”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [547]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate
Levey, A. S., Stevens, L. A., Schmid, C. H., Zhang, Y. (., Castro, A. F., Feldman, H. I., Kusek, J. W., Eggers, P., Van Lente, F., Greene, T., et al. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006 · Cited by 25,603 · see citing works
Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data
Quan, H., Sundararajan, V., Halfon, P., Fong, A., Burnand, B., Luthi, J.-C., Saunders, L. D., Beck, C. A., Feasby, T. E., & Ghali, W. A. (2005) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83 · Cited by 10,669 · see citing works
Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation
Authors/Task Force Members, Camm, A. J., Kirchhof, P. F., Lip, G. Y. H., Schotten, U., Savelieva, I., Ernst, S., Gelder, I. C. V., Al‐Attar, N., Hindricks, G., et al. (2010) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq278 · Cited by 5,875 · see citing works
Gage, B. F., Waterman, A. D., Shannon, W., Boechler, M., Rich, M. W., & Radford, M. J. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.285.22.2864 · Cited by 4,832 · see citing works
The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure
(1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199702203360801 · Cited by 3,016 · see citing works
The AFFIRM Investigators (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000121736.16643.11 · Cited by 1,202 · see citing works
Association of Serum Digoxin Concentration and Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure
Rathore, S. S., Curtis, J. P., Wang, Y., Bristow, M. R., & Krumholz, H. M. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.7.871 · Cited by 772 · see citing works
Hess, L. M., Raebel, M. A., Conner, D. A., & Malone, D. C. (2006) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1h018 · Cited by 759 · see citing works
Assessing the sensitivity of regression results to unmeasured confounders in observational studies
Lin, D. Y., Psaty, B. M., & Kronmal, R. A. (1998) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2533848 · Cited by 742 · see citing works
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Sockloff, A. L. (1978) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(78)90080-0 · Cited by 715 · see citing works
Accuracy and completeness of mortality data in the Department of Veterans Affairs
Sohn, M., Arnold, N., Maynard, C. C., & Hynes, D. M. (2006) · Population Health Metrics · doi:10.1186/1478-7954-4-2 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
A General Method of Compliance Assessment Using Centralized Pharmacy Records
Steiner, J. F., Koepsell, T. D., Fihn, S. D., & Inui, T. S. (1988) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-198808000-00007 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Anderson, J. L., Halperin, J. L., Albert, N. M., Bozkurt, B., Brindis, R. G., Curtis, L. H., DeMets, D. L., Guyton, R. A., Hochman, J. S., Kovacs, R. J., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.02.001 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Increased mortality among patients taking digoxin—analysis from the AFFIRM study
Whitbeck, M. G., Charnigo, R. J., Khairy, P., Ziada, K., Bailey, A. L., Zegarra, M. M., Shah, J., Morales, G., Macaulay, T., Sorrell, V. L., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs348 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
National Trends in Antiarrhythmic and Antithrombotic Medication Use in Atrial Fibrillation
Fang, M. C., Stafford, R. S., Ruskin, J. N., & Singer, D. E. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.1.55 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Gheorghiade, M., Fonarow, G. C., van Veldhuisen, D. J., Cleland, J. G. F., Butler, J., Epstein, A. E., Patel, K., Aban, I. B., Aronow, W. S., Anker, S. D., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht120 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Borzecki, A. M., Wong, A. T., Hickey, E. C., Ash, A. S., & Berlowitz, D. R. (2004) · American Journal of Medical Quality · doi:10.1177/106286060401900504 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Outcomes of Medicare Beneficiaries Undergoing Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Piccini, J. P., Sinner, M. F., Greiner, M. A., Hammill, B. G., Fontes, J. D., Daubert, J. P., Ellinor, P. T., Hernandez, A. F., Walkey, A. J., Heckbert, S. R., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.109330 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Cohen, J. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203771587-8 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Ahmed, A., Pitt, B., Rahimtoola, S. H., Waagstein, F., White, M., Love, T. E., & D, E. B. M. (2007) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.12.001 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Digoxin and mortality in atrial fibrillation: a prospective cohort study
Hallberg, P., Lindbäck, J., Lindahl, B., Stenestrand, U., Melhus, H., & for the RIKS-HIA group (2007) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-007-0346-9 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Digoxin Associates with Mortality in ESRD
Chan, K. E., Lazarus, J. M., & Hakim, R. M. (2010) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2009101047 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Pharmacy Data in the VA Health Care System
Smith, M. W., & Joseph, G. J. (2003) · Medical Care Research and Review · doi:10.1177/1077558703256726 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Turakhia, M. P., Hoang, D. D., Xu, X., Frayne, S. M., Schmitt, S. K., Yang, F., Phibbs, C. S., Than, C. T., Wang, P. J., & Heidenreich, P. A. (2012) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2012.10.010 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationCowper, D. C., Hynes, D. M., Kubal, J. D., & Murphy, P. A. (1999) · Journal of Medical Systems · doi:10.1023/a:1020579806511 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Effectiveness and Safety of Digoxin Among Contemporary Adults With Incident Systolic Heart Failure
Freeman, J. V., Yang, J., Sung, S. H., Hlatky, M. A., & Go, A. S. (2013) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.111.000079 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Digitalis: a dangerous drug in atrial fibrillation? An analysis of the SPORTIF III and V data
Gjesdal, K., Feyzi, J. M., & Olsson, S. B. (2007) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.2006.108399 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Digoxin in atrial fibrillation: report from the Stockholm Cohort study of Atrial Fibrillation (SCAF)
Friberg, L., Hammar, N., & Rosenqvist, M. (2009) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.2009.175786 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Revisiting the medication possession ratio threshold for adherence in lipid management
Watanabe, J. H., Bounthavong, M., & Chen, T. F. (2013) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007995.2013.766164 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Turakhia, M. P., Solomon, M. D., Jhaveri, M., Davis, P., Eber, M. R., Conrad, R. M., Summers, N., & Lakdawalla, D. N. (2013) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2013.07.003 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 31 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
McDonagh, T. A., Metra, M., Adamo, M., Gardner, R. S., Baumbach, A., Böhm, M., Burri, H., Butler, J., Čelutkienė, J., Chioncel, O. D., et al. (2021) · PubMed · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab670 · Cited by 19,618 · see citing works
2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
Ponikowski, P., Voors, A. A., Anker, S. D., Bueno, H., Cleland, J. G. F., Coats, A. J. S., Falk, V., González-Juanatey, J. R., Harjola, V.-P., Jankowska, E. A., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128 · Cited by 11,429 · see citing works
Hindricks, G., Potpara, T., Dagres, N., Arbelo, E., Bax, J. J., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Boriani, G., Castella, M., Dan, G.-A., Dilaveris, P., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612 · Cited by 10,225 · see citing works
2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
Kirchhof, P. F., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., Ahlsson, A., Atar, D., Casadei, B., Castellà, M., Diener, H., Heidbüchel, H., Hendriks, J., et al. (2016) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euw295 · Cited by 6,438 · see citing works
2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
Kirchhof, P., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., Ahlsson, A., Atar, D., Casadei, B., Castella, M., Diener, H.-C., Heidbuchel, H., Hendriks, J., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw210 · Cited by 6,418 · see citing works
2016 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure
Ponikowski, P., Voors, A. A., Anker, S. D., Bueno, H., Cleland, J. G. F., Coats, A. J. S., Falk, V., González-Juanatey, J. R., Harjola, V.-P., Jankowska, E. A., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.592 · Cited by 5,866 · see citing works
2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
Kirchhof, P., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., Ahlsson, A., Atar, D., Casadei, B., Castella, M., Diener, H.-C., Heidbuchel, H., Hendriks, J., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezw313 · Cited by 1,403 · see citing works
Page, R. L., Joglar, J. A., Caldwell, M. A., Calkins, H., Conti, J. B., Deal, B. J., Estes, N. A. M., Field, M. E., Goldberger, Z. D., Hammill, S. C., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000311 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
Ponikowski, P. P., Voors, A. A., Anker, S. D., Bueno, H., Cleland, J. G. F., Coats, A. J. S., Falk, V., González‐Juanatey, J. R., Harjola, V., Jankowska, E. A., et al. (2016) · Kardiologia Polska · doi:10.5603/kp.2016.0141 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Management of Adult Patients With Supraventricular Tachycardia
Page, R. L., Joglar, J. A., Caldwell, M. A., Calkins, H., Conti, J. B., Deal, B. J., Estes, N. A. M., Field, M. E., Goldberger, Z. D., Hammill, S. C., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.856 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Ziff, O. J., Lane, D. A., Samra, M., Griffith, M., Kirchhof, P., Lip, G. Y. H., Steeds, R. P., Townend, J., & Kotecha, D. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h4451 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Digoxin-associated mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Vámos, M., Erath, J. W., & Hohnloser, S. H. (2015) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv143 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Macle, L., Cairns, J. A., Leblanc, K., Tsang, T. S. M., Skanes, A. C., Cox, J. L., Healey, J. S., Bell, A., Pilote, L., Andrade, J. G., et al. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.591 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Digoxin and Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Lópes, R. D., Rordorf, R., Ferrari, G. M. D., Leonardi, S., Thomas, L. E., WOJDYLA, D. M., Ridefelt, P., Lawrence, J. H., Caterina, R. D., Vinereanu, D., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.060 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Comorbidity of atrial fibrillation and heart failure
Ling, L., Kistler, P. M., Kalman, J. M., SCHILLING, R. J., & Hunter, R. J. (2015) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.191 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
2015 ACC/AHA/HRS guideline for the management of adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia
Page, R. L., Joglar, J. A., Caldwell, M. A., Calkins, H. G., CONTI, J. B., Deal, B. J., Estes, N. A. M., Field, M. E., Goldberger, Z. D., Hammill, S. C., et al. (2015) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.09.019 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Turakhia, M. P., Ziegler, P. D., Schmitt, S. K., Chang, Y., Fan, J., Than, C. T., Keung, E. K., & Singer, D. E. (2015) · Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.114.003057 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationGopinathannair, R., Chen, L. Y., Chung, M. K., Cornwell, W. K., Furie, K. L., Lakkireddy, D. R., Marrouche, N. F., Natale, A., Olshansky, B., & Joglar, J. A. (2021) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/hae.0000000000000078 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Plant-derived cardiac glycosides: Role in heart ailments and cancer management
Patel, S. V. (2016) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.030 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Reddy, Y. N. V., & Borlaug, B. A. (2015) · Current Problems in Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2015.12.002 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Site-Level Variation in and Practices Associated With Dabigatran Adherence
Shore, S., Ho, P. M., Lambert‐Kerzner, A., Glorioso, T. J., Carey, E., Cunningham, F., Longo, L., Jackevicius, C. A., Rose, A. J., & Turakhia, M. P. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.2761 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Self-citationTreatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Prystowsky, E. N., Padanilam, B. J., & Fogel, R. I. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.7505 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Yang, F., Hellyer, J. A., Than, C. T., Ullal, A. J., Kaiser, D. W., Heidenreich, P. A., Hoang, D. D., Winkelmayer, W. C., Schmitt, S. K., Frayne, S. M., et al. (2016) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309266 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationPerino, A. C., Fan, J., Askari, M., Heidenreich, P. A., Keung, E. C., Raitt, M. H., Piccini, J. P., Ziegler, P., & Turakhia, M. P. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.118.038988 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical Use of Digitalis: A State of the Art Review
Whayne, T. F. (2018) · American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40256-018-0292-1 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Meta-Analysis of Digoxin Use and Risk of Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Ouyang, A.-J., Lv, Y.-N., Zhong, H.-L., Wen, J.-H., Wei, X.-H., Peng, H.-W., Zhou, J. H., & Liu, L.-L. (2015) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.01.013 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Digoxin Use and Subsequent Outcomes Among Patients in a Contemporary Atrial Fibrillation Cohort
Allen, L. A., Fonarow, G. C., Simon, D. N., Thomas, L. E., Marzec, L., Pokorney, S. D., Gersh, B. J., Go, A. S., Hylek, E. M., Kowey, P. R., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.04.045 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Lee, H., Kim, T., Baek, Y., Uhm, J., Pak, H., Lee, M., & Joung, B. (2016) · Korean Circulation Journal · doi:10.4070/kcj.2016.0045 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Practice Patterns and Outcomes of Treatments for Atrial Fibrillation During Sepsis
Walkey, A. J., Evans, S. R., Winter, M. R., & Benjamin, E. J. (2015) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.15-0959 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Digoxin and Risk of Death in Adults With Atrial Fibrillation
Freeman, J. V., Reynolds, K., Fang, M. C., Udaltsova, N. V., Steimle, A. E., Pomernacki, N. K., Borowsky, L. H., Harrison, T. N., Singer, D. E., & Go, A. S. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.114.002292 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Yong, C. M., Tremmel, J. A., Lansberg, M. G., Fan, J., Askari, M., & Turakhia, M. P. (2020) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.120.015689 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationSudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ENGAGE AF‐TIMI 48 Trial
Eisen, A., Ruff, C. T., D, E. B. M., Nordio, F., Corbalan, R. L., Dalby, A. J., Dorobanţu, M., Mercuri, M. F., Lanz, H., Rutman, H., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.116.003735 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
do Nascimento, M. M. G., Mambrini, J. V. D. M., Lima‐Costa, M. F., Firmo, J. O. A., Peixoto, S. V., & Filho, A. I. D. L. (2017) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-017-2202-x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Adams, K. F., Butler, J., Patterson, J. H., Stough, W. G., Bauman, J. L., van Veldhuisen, D. J., Schwartz, T. A., Sabbah, H. N., Mackowiak, J. I., Ventura, H. O., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.584 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Treating Specialty and Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation
Perino, A. C., Fan, J., Schmitt, S. K., Askari, M., Kaiser, D. W., Deshmukh, A. J., Heidenreich, P. A., Swan, C., Narayan, S. M., Wang, P. J., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.054 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationMowry, J. B., Burdmann, E. A., Anseeuw, K., Ayoub, P., Ghannoum, M., Hoffman, R. S., Lavergne, V., Nolin, T. D., Gosselin, S., & Workgroup, O. B. O. T. E. (2016) · Clinical Toxicology · doi:10.3109/15563650.2015.1118488 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Virgadamo, S. (2015) · World Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.4330/wjc.v7.i11.808 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Assumption versus evidence: the case of digoxin in atrial fibrillation and heart failure
Bavendiek, U., Dávila, L. A., Koch, A., & Bauersachs, J. K. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw577 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Temporal Trends of Digoxin Use in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure
Patel, N., Ju, C., Macon, C. J., Thadani, U., Schulte, P. J., Hernandez, A. F., Bhatt, D. L., Butler, J., Yancy, C. W., & Fonarow, G. C. (2016) · JACC Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2015.12.003 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Durheim, M. T., Holmes, D. N., Blanco, R. G., Allen, L. A., Chan, P. S., Freeman, J. V., Fonarow, G. C., Go, A. S., Hylek, E. M., Mahaffey, K. W., et al. (2018) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312735 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Digoxin Use and Associated Adverse Events Among Older Adults
Angraal, S., Nuti, S. V., Masoudi, F. A., Freeman, J. V., Murugiah, K., Shah, N. D., Desai, N. R., Ranasinghe, I., Wang, Y., & Krumholz, H. M. (2019) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.04.022 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Digoxin in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure: A meta-analysis
Bavishi, C., Khan, A. R., & Ather, S. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.031 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Yong, C. M., Azarbal, F., Abnousi, F., Heidenreich, P. A., Schmitt, S. K., Fan, J., Than, C. T., Ullal, A. J., Yang, F., Phibbs, C. S., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.09.047 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationPastori, D., Farcomeni, A., Bucci, T., Cangemi, R., Ciacci, P., Vicario, T., Violi, F., & Pignatelli, P. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.112 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Digoxin therapy and associated clinical outcomes in the MADIT-CRT trial
Lee, A. Y., Kutyifa, V., Ruwald, M. H., McNitt, S. A., Polonsky, B., Zaręba, W., Moss, A. J., & Ruwald, A. (2015) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.05.016 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Urbaniak, A. M., Strøm, B. O., Krontveit, R. I., & Svanqvist, K. H. (2017) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.1007/s40266-017-0476-4 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Vandenberk, B., Garweg, C., Vörös, G., Floré, V., Marynissen, T., Sticherling, C., Zabel, M., Ector, J., & Willems, R. (2016) · Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/pace.12891 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Fontenla, A., Tamargo, J. L., Salgado‐Aranda, R., López‐Gil, M., Mejía, E. R., Matía, R., Toquero, J., Padilla, I. M., Al-Mahdi, E. A. R., Fernandez, F., et al. (2023) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.02.012 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Zhang, R., Chen, M.-T., Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Huang, X., Wang, J., Yan, J., & Li, Y. (2015) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fjc.0000000000000274 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kraft, M., Büscher, A., Wiedmann, F., L’hoste, Y., Haefeli, W. E., Frey, N., Katus, H. A., & Schmidt, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.638445 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Singh, S. N., Moore, H. J., Karasik, P., Lam, P. H., Wopperer, S. B., Arundel, C., Tummala, L. S., Anker, M. S., Faselis, C. J., DEEDWANIA, P. C., et al. (2020) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.05.030 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Digoxin: its role in contemporary medicine
Stucky, M. A., & Goldberger, Z. D. (2015) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2014-132937 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Leef, G. C., Perino, A. C., Askari, M., Fan, J., Ho, P. M., Olivier, C. B., Longo, L., Mahaffey, K. W., & Turakhia, M. P. (2019) · Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1177/0897190019828270 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationHindricks, G., Potpara, T., Dagres, N., Arbelo, E., Bax, J. J., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Boriani, G., Castellà, M., Dan, G., Dilaveris, P., et al. (2021) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2020.10.022 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kapelios, C. J., Lund, L. H., Benson, L., Dahlström, U., Rosano, G. M. C., Hauptman, P. J., & Savarese, G. (2021) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvab079 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Role of Digoxin in Atrial Fibrillation
Scalese, M. J., & Salvatore, D. J. (2016) · Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1177/0897190016642361 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Digoxin in Atrial Fibrillation: An Old Topic Revisited
Ferrari, F., Santander, I. R. M. F., & Stein, R. (2019) · Current Cardiology Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573403x15666190618110941 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Perino, A. C., Fan, J., Schmitt, S. K., Guo, J. D., Hlavacek, P., Din, N., Kothari, M., Pundi, K. N., Russ, C., Emir, B., et al. (2021) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.121.008005 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationDigoxin is still useful, but is still causing toxicity
Durán-Crane, A., Militello, M. A., & Faulx, M. D. (2024) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.91a.23105 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Vandenberk, B., Altieri, M. H., Liu, H., Raj, S. R., & Lee, S. S. (2022) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.17368 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Emerging role of ivabradine for rate control in atrial fibrillation
Turley, S. L., Francis, K. E., Lowe, D., & Cahoon, W. D. (2016) · Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease · doi:10.1177/1753944716669658 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Elayi, C. S., Shohoudi, A., Moodie, E. E. M., Etaee, F., Guglin, M. E., Roy, D., & Khairy, P. (2020) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.047 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Yu, H. T., Yang, P., Lee, H., You, S. C., Kim, T., Uhm, J., Kim, J., Pak, H., Lee, M., & Joung, B. (2017) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-17-0669 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Yang, L.-J., Hsu, S.-M., Wu, P., Lin, M., Huang, T.-H., Lin, Y., Kuo, H., Chiu, Y., Hwang, S., Tsai, J., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245620 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Direct Oral Anticoagulant Adherence of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Transitioned from Warfarin
Pundi, K. N., Perino, A. C., Fan, J., Schmitt, S. K., Kothari, M., Szummer, K. E., Askari, M., Heidenreich, P. A., & Turakhia, M. P. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.121.020904 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationGender and AF: Differences and Disparities
Pothineni, N. V. K., & Vallurupalli, S. (2018) · US Cardiology Review · doi:10.15420/usc.2017:39:1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Digoxin Use and Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Zeng, W., Liu, Z., Li, Z.-Y., Zhang, M., & Cheng, Y. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002949 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ivabradine for rate control in atrial fibrillation
Kosiuk, J., Oebel, S., John, S., Hilbert, S., Hindricks, G., & Bollmann, A. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.062 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Increased All-Cause Mortality Associated With Digoxin Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Chen, Y., Cai, X., Huang, W., Wu, Y., Huang, Y., & Hu, Y. (2015) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002409 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Sessa, M., Mascolo, A., Andersen, M. P., Rosano, G. M. C., Rossi, F., Capuano, A., & Torp-Pedersen, C. T. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160337 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Digoxin toxicity: Case for retiring its use in elderly patients?
Glover, N. M., Mink, M. R., Yarema, M. C., & Chuang, R. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Chamaria, S., Desai, A., Reddy, P. C., Olshansky, B., & Dominic, P. S. (2015) · Cardiology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/2015/314041 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease
Voroneanu, L. E., Ortíz, A., Nistor, I., & Covic, A. C. (2016) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2016.04.007 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Fontenla, A., López‐Gil, M., Tamargo-Menéndez, J., Matía‐Francés, R., Salgado‐Aranda, R., Rey-Blas, J. R., Blanco, Á. M., Mejía-Martínez, E., Fuentes, A. P., Toquero‐Ramos, J., et al. (2019) · Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.rec.2019.09.004 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Pharmacokinetics of Tecarfarin and Warfarin in Patients with Severe Chronic Kidney Disease
Albrecht, D., Turakhia, M. P., Ries, D., Marbury, T. C., Smith, W. J. B., Dillon, D., Milner, P. G., & Midei, M. G. (2017) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th16-10-0815 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationLlàcer, P., Núñez, J. E., Bayés‐Genís, A., Martel, A. C., Cabanes-Hernández, Y., Díez‐Manglano, J., Rocha, P. Á., Rangel, L. S., del Olmo, V. G., Manzano, L., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2018.10.010 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Digoxin use and risk of mortality in hypertensive patients with atrial fibrillation
Okin, P. M., Hille, D. A., Wachtell, K., Kjeldsen, S. E., Boman, K., Dahlöf, B., & Devereux, R. B. (2015) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000000559 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Chang, K. Y., Giorgio, K., Schmitz, K., Walker, R. F., Prins, K. W., PRITZKER, M. R., Archer, S. L., Lutsey, P. L., & Thenappan, T. (2023) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.122.027559 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Acute Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Atzema, C. L., & Singh, S. M. (2017) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2017.08.008 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Kipp, R. T., Askari, M., Fan, J., Field, M. E., & Turakhia, M. P. (2018) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2018.08.025 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationDigoxin use in atrial fibrillation: a critical reappraisal
Khan, S. S., & Gheorghiade, M. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)62301-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Digoxin Impact on Heart Failure Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Gerakaris, A., Mulita, F., Koniari, I. C., Artopoulou, E., Mplani, V., Tsigkas, G., Abo-Elseoud, M., Kounis, N. G., & Velissaris, D. (2022) · Medical Archives · doi:10.5455/medarh.2022.76.23-28 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Impact of Digoxin on Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Stratified by Heart Failure
Al-Zakwani, I. S., Panduranga, P., Zubaid, M., Sulaiman, K., Rashed, W. A., Alsheikh-Ali, A. A. A., Almahmeed, W. A., Shehab, A., Qudaimi, A. A., Asaad, N., et al. (2015) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1177/1074248415603505 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ullal, A. J., Than, C. T., Fan, J., Schmitt, S. K., Perino, A. C., Kaiser, D. W., Heidenreich, P. A., Frayne, S. M., Phibbs, C. S., & Turakhia, M. P. (2015) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2015.07.023 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationDigoxin and short term mortality after acute STEMI: Results from the MAGIC trial
Metawee, M., Charnigo, R. J., MORALES, G. X., Darrat, Y., Sorrell, V. L., Biase, L. D., Natale, A., Delisle, B. P., & Elayi, C. S. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.05.022 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Katz, A., Maor, E., Leor, J., & Klempfner, R. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.202 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Macrolides, Digoxin Toxicity and the Risk of Sudden Death: A Population-Based Study
Quinn, K. L., Macdonald, E. M., Gomes, T., Mamdani, M., Huang, A., & Juurlink, D. N. (2017) · Drug Safety · doi:10.1007/s40264-017-0539-9 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Population Pharmacokinetic Studies of Digoxin in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review
Jalil, M. H. A., Abdullah, N., Alsous, M. M., & Hammour, K. A. (2021) · European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s13318-021-00672-6 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Scrutinio, D., Guida, P., Passantino, A., Scalvini, S., Bussotti, M., Forni, G., Tibollo, V., Vaninetti, R., & Rovere, M. T. L. (2022) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.01.040 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Tonko, J., & Wright, M. J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173922 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Case study of thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy
Alam, S. T., & Zaman, J. (2019) · BMJ Case Reports · doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-228896 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Wang, X., Luo, Y., Xu, D., & Zhao, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.731135 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Budolfsen, C., Schmidt, A. S., Lauridsen, K. G., Hoeks, C. B., Waziri, F., Poulsen, C. B., Riis, D. N., Rickers, H., & Løfgren, B. (2023) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2023.05.041 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mina, G. S., Acharya, M. M., Shepherd, T., Gobrial, G. F., Tekeste, M., Watti, H., Bhandari, R., Saini, A., Reddy, P. C., & Dominic, P. S. (2017) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1177/1074248417732416 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Fontenla, A., López‐Gil, M., Tamargo-Menéndez, J., Matía‐Francés, R., Salgado‐Aranda, R., Rey-Blas, J. R., Blanco, Á. M., Mejía-Martínez, E., Fuentes, A. P., Toquero‐Ramos, J., et al. (2019) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2019.06.006 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Waldo, A. L. (2015) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2015.08.006 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Gigli, L., Ameri, P., Secco, G., Blasi, G. D., Miceli, R., Lorenzoni, A., Torre, F., Chiarella, F., Brunelli, C., & Canepa, M. (2016) · World Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.4330/wjc.v8.i11.647 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Home Therapies in Advanced Heart Failure: Inotropes and Diuretics
Graffagnino, J. P., Avant, L. C., Calkins, B. C., & Swetz, K. M. (2020) · Current Heart Failure Reports · doi:10.1007/s11897-020-00482-y · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Monitoring for AF: Identifying the Burden of Atrial Fibrillation and Assessing Post-Ablation
PASSMAN, R. S. (2017) · Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management · doi:10.19102/icrm.2017.080104 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Coiro, S., Girerd, N., Rossignol, P., Bauersachs, J. K., Pitt, B., Fay, R., Ambrosio, G., Solomon, S. D., Dickstein, K., & Zannad, F. M. (2017) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-017-1116-z · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Turakhia, M. P., Santangeli, P., Winkelmayer, W. C., Xu, X., Ullal, A. J., Than, C. T., Schmitt, S., Holmes, T. H., Frayne, S. M., Phibbs, C. S., Yang, F., Hoang, D. D., Ho, P. M., & Heidenreich, P. A.
- Affiliations
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Maimonides Medical Center (US)
- VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Turakhia, Mintu P.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 660-668
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4405246
- OpenAlex
- W2157998686
- Cited by
- 208
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 24.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association (09SDG2250647, CDA09027-1)
- Amgen
- GlaxoSmithKline
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK095024)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Keywords
- digoxin, atrial fibrillation, mortality, drug safety, newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation, non-valvular atrial fibrillation, medication adherence, veterans, propensity score matching, beta-blockers, amiodarone, warfarin
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Atrial Fibrillation, Cause of Death, Digoxin, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Outpatients, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, Survival Rate, Confidence Intervals, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Assessment, Propensity Score
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
