Maternal psychological distress & mental health service use during the COVID-19 pandemic
Open accessAbstract
Background Mental health problems are increasingly recognized as a significant and concerning secondary effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research on previous epidemics/pandemics suggest that families, particularly mothers, may be at increased risk, but this population has yet to be examined. The current study (1) described prevalence rates of maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms from an online convenience sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) identified risk and protective factors for elevated symptoms, and (3) described current mental health service use and barriers.Methods Participants (N = 641) were mothers of children age 0-8 years, including expectant mothers. Mothers completed an online survey assessing mental health, sociodemographic information, and COVID-19-related variables.Results Clinically-relevant depression was indicated in 33.16%, 42.55%, and 43.37% of mothers of children age 0-18 months, 18 months to 4 years, and 5 to 8 years, respectively. Prevalence of anxiety was 36.27%, 32.62%, and 29.59% for mothers across age groups, respectively. Binary logistic regressions indicated significant associations between risk factors and depression/anxiety across child age groups.Limitations Cross-sectional data was used to describe maternal mental health problems during COVID-19 limiting the ability to make inferences about the long-term impact of maternal depression and anxiety on family well-being.Conclusions Maternal depression and anxiety appear to be elevated in the context of COVID-19 compared to previously reported population norms. Identified risk factors for depression and anxiety across different child age ranges can inform targeted early intervention strategies to prevent long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on family well-being and child development.
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A convenience sample of mothers in the United States of children 0-18 months of age showed elevated rates of depressive (34.1%) and anxiety (34.6%) symptoms.
“Similarly, a convenience sample of mothers in the United States of children 0–18 months of age showed elevated rates of depressive (34.1%) and anxiety (34.6%) symptoms.12”
From Perinatal Depression: Challenges and Opportunities (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
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Risk for Developmental Delay Among Infants Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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School support, chaos, routines, and parents’ mental health during COVID-19 remote schooling.
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Effects of School Closures Resulting From COVID-19 in Autistic and Neurotypical Children
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Psychological Impacts, Prevention Strategies, and Intervention Approaches Across Age Groups
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Family Factors Associated with Hands-On Play and Screen Time During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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- Authors
- Cameron, E. E., Joyce, K. M., Delaquis, C. P., Reynolds, K., Protudjer, J. L. P., & Roos, L. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Cameron, Emily E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-11
- Volume
- 276
- Pages
- 765-774
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7370903
- OpenAlex
- W3044252136
- Cited by
- 413
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 125 · 2021: 109 · 2020: 18
- FWCI
- 62.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba
- University of Manitoba
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
- Research Manitoba
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- maternal depression, maternal anxiety, COVID-19 pandemic, maternal mental health, mental health service utilization, barriers to mental health care, risk and protective factors, mothers of young children, pregnant women, prevalence of depressive symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, Psychological Distress, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adult, Anxiety, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Mothers, Pneumonia, Viral, Prevalence, Coronavirus Infections, Young Adult, Pandemics
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