Body image dissatisfaction and interoceptive sensibility significantly predict postpartum depressive symptoms
Open accessAbstract
Background During pregnancy women experience rapid and unique changes in body weight, shape and size over a relatively short time period. While research focused on the role of external bodily modifications during pregnancy, research on internal bodily variations is missing.Methods In a longitudinal study, we recruited healthy pregnant women and measured whether and how depressive symptoms, body image dissatisfaction and the subjective tendency to focus on one's own internal bodily sensations, i.e., interoceptive sensibility, changed during pregnancy and postpartum. Pregnant women filled online self-report questionnaires during pregnancy (i.e. second and third trimester) and after (i.e. six weeks) the delivery, including the Body Areas Satisfaction Scale, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.Results While depressive symptoms remained stable in the peripartum, body image dissatisfaction increased in the postpartum compared to the pregnancy period, and interoceptive sensibility increased over pregnancy. Findings showed that the increase of body dissatisfaction through the peripartum and the levels of interoceptive sensibility in the early phase of pregnancy predicted depressive symptoms in the postpartum.Limitations Interoception was evaluated as a subjective measure (i.e., interoceptive sensibility). Future studies may include objective measures of interoceptive accuracy and interoceptive awareness.Conclusions The current study supports the importance of body image dissatisfaction and interoceptive sensibility in the development of postpartum depressive symptoms. Future studies need to investigate if interventions aimed to increase interoceptive sensibility might be useful in preventing depressive symptoms and identify the mechanisms that can lead to these changes.
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Singh Solorzano and colleagues demonstrated a pattern of heightened interoception in pregnancy compared to the postpartum period.
“Singh Solorzano and colleagues11 demonstrated a pattern of heightened interoception in pregnancy compared to the postpartum period, suggesting that interoception is particularly salient during pregnancy.”
From Prenatal Mindfulness Training and Interoceptive Awareness in Pregnant People at Risk for Hypertensive Disorders. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
The Discussion (section 4) reports greater interoceptive sensibility during pregnancy than postpartum, and Results (section 3.4) document differences in body listening and emotional awareness. The study measured self-reported interoceptive sensibility, not interoception in all its dimensions; the Discussion says whether the finding extends to interoceptive accuracy and awareness remains to be evaluated. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Body image: a cross-sectional study of the perception and practices of women after delivery
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“In contrast, Singh et al.‘s study from 2022 among Italian postpartum women revealed that the majority of the women were unhappy with their body image following delivery [13].”
Ball, N., Gilmour, A., Liddelow, C., Burke, K. J., & Lee, M. F. (2025) · Health Promotion Journal of Australia · doi:10.1002/hpja.70139 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Self-citationPostpartum depression and its relationship with the positive and negative perfectionism
Rahimi, H., Mousavi, F. S., Rahmanian, S. A., Khalajinia, Z., & Khavari, F. (2024) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_162_23 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…body image dissatisfaction may develop, and various studies show that this body image dissatisfaction increases the chance of developing PPD. [12,39] Limitations and suggestions One of the research limitations in this work was the use of self‑assessment tools, which can be affected by human…”
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Self-citationAssociation between Body Image Profiles, Prepregnancy BMI, and Weight Gain during Pregnancy
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“These concerns often focus on body shape over function [35], can rise postpartum [36], are linked to prenatal anxiety and depression [13], and are prevalent given weight stigma [37].”
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Body Dissatisfaction among Pregnant Women: Associations with Anxiety and DepressionPreprint
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Maternal attachment style and prenatal depression: the mediating role of body image
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Singh Solorzano, C., Porciello, G., Violani, C., & Grano, C.
- Affiliations
- Fondazione Santa Lucia (IT)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Grano, Caterina
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-08
- Volume
- 311
- Pages
- 239-246
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4281253920
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 7.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universita e della Ricerca
- Sapienza University of Rome (RM1161 55028E0FD5)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy-related medical research
- Keywords
- body dissatisfaction, interoceptive sensibility, interoception, postpartum depression, depressive symptoms, pregnancy, transition period, maternal mental health
- MeSH terms
- Body Dissatisfaction, Body Image, Depression, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Pregnancy, Postpartum Period, Interoception
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