The association between adolescent depression and dyslipidemia
Abstract
Background Children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) are at increased risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether adolescents with MDD manifest evidence of dyslipidemia, a key risk factor for CVD, is unknown.Methods Youth recruited through an ambulatory psychiatry clinic and the community, were categorized following diagnostic interview as MDD or as healthy controls [HC]. CVD risk factors including high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride concentrations were collected. Depression severity was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children. The associations of diagnostic group as well as depressive symptom severity with lipid concentrations were examined using multiple regression analyses. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and standardized Body Mass Index.Results Participants (n = 243) were 68 % female with a mean age of 15.04 ± 1.81 years. MDD and HC participants had comparable levels of dyslipidemia (MDD: 48 %, HC: 46 %, p > .7) and hypertriglyceridemia (MDD: 34 %, HC: 30 %, p > .7). Among depressed adolescents, greater depressive symptoms were associated with higher total cholesterol concentrations in unadjusted models only. Greater depressive symptoms were associated with higher HDL concentrations and a lower triglyceride-to-HDL ratio, after adjusting for covariates.Limitations Cross-sectional design.Conclusions Adolescents with clinically significant depressive symptoms manifested similar levels of dyslipidemia as healthy youth. Future studies examining the prospective trajectories of depressive symptoms and lipid concentrations are needed to determine the point at which dyslipidemia emerges in the course of MDD, and the mechanism of the association that imparts increased CVD risk for depressed youth.
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Elevated lipid levels seem to increase the risk of depression among specific individuals.
“Additionally, elevated lipid levels seem to increase the risk of depression among specific individuals [8], and cholesterol deregulation may contribute to neuronal imbalance in the body and, in turn, expose individuals to depressed episodes [9].”
People suffering from depressive disorder are as many as two times more likely to develop dyslipidemia than others their age.
“Research has shown that people suffering from depressive disorder are as many as two times more likely to develop dyslipidemia than others their age [8].”
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- Authors
- Khalfan, A. F., Campisi, S. C., Lo, R. F., McCrindle, B. W., & Korczak, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Korczak, Daphne J.
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-10
- Volume
- 338
- Pages
- 239-245
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4380201784
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 9.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- adolescent depression, major depressive disorder, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk, hypertriglyceridemia, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio, total cholesterol, depression severity, lipid concentration
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Lipoproteins, HDL, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Prospective Studies, Triglycerides, Dyslipidemias
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