Cited by 195Mental Health Research TopicsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

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Experience sampling and ecological momentary assessment for studying the daily lives of patients with anxiety disorders: A systematic review

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Walz, Laura C., Nauta, Maaike H., aan het Rot, Marije·2014·Journal of Anxiety Disorders

DOI 10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.022

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Abstract

Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent. Symptoms may occur unpredictably (e.g., panic attacks) or predictably in specific situations (e.g., social phobia). Consequently, it may be difficult to assess anxiety and related constructs realistically in the laboratory or by traditional retrospective questionnaires. Experience sampling methods (ESM) and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can deepen the understanding of the course of anxiety disorders by frequently assessing symptoms and other variables in the natural environment. We review 34 ESM/EMA studies on adult panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as anxiety disorders in youth. Benefits of ESM/EMA for the study of anxiety disorders include generating insight into the temporal variability of symptoms and into the associations among daily affect, behaviors, and situational cues. Further, ESM/EMA has been successfully combined with ambulatory assessment of physiological variables and with treatment evaluations. We provide suggestions for future research, as well as for clinical applications.

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“While previous systematic reviews have focused on anxiety disorders more broadly rather than focusing exclusively on OCD (e.g., Walz et al. 2014), other reviews, such as Hall et al. (2021) did not include OCD in their review due to the reorganization in the DSM‐5, which removed it from the “anxiety…”
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Authors: Walz, L. C., Nauta, M. H., & aan het Rot, M.
Affiliations: University of Groningen (NL)
ORCID: Nauta, Maaike H.
aan het Rot, Marije
Venue: Journal of Anxiety Disorders
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-12
Volume: 28
Issue: 8
Pages: 925-937
ISSN: 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.022
OpenAlex: W2094057723
Cited by: 195
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9
FWCI: 1.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.rug.nl
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: ecological momentary assessment, anxiety disorders, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, youth anxiety disorders, treatment evaluation, everyday life
MeSH terms: Activities of Daily Living, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Phobic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Retrospective Studies, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Panic Disorder

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Experience sampling and ecological momentary assessment for studying the daily lives of patients with anxiety disorders: A systematic review

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