Ambulatory assessment in panic disorder and specific phobia.
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental disorders. In panic disorder, panic attacks often occur at unpredictable times, making it difficult to study these episodes in the laboratory. In specific phobias, symptoms occur in very circumscribed situations and specific triggers are sometimes difficult to reproduce in the laboratory. Ambulatory assessment, or ecological momentary assessment, can further the understanding of the natural course and scope of symptoms under ecologically valid circumstances. Because bodily symptoms are integral to the diagnosis of anxiety disorders, the objective assessment of physiological responses in the patients' natural environment is particularly important. On the one hand, research has highlighted intriguing discrepancies between the experience of symptoms and physiology during panic attacks. On the other hand, it has validated symptom reporting during therapeutic exposure to phobic situations. Therefore, ambulatory assessment can yield useful information about the psychopathology of anxiety disorders, and it can be used to monitor change during clinical interventions.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A mobile-based panic disorder intervention tool can assess panic disorder symptoms in real-time through ecological momentary assessment approaches.
“In contrast, a mobile-based PD intervention tool can be used to assess the symptoms of PD in real-time through ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approaches [29–33].”
From Efficacy of a hybrid online training for panic symptoms and agoraphobia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. (2014) · cites this paper as [29]
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391 · see citing works
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444 · see citing works
Ecological momentary assessment
Shiffman, S., Stone, A. A., & Hufford, M. R. (2008) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415 · Cited by 6,454 · see citing works
Clark, D. M. (1986) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(86)90011-2 · Cited by 2,422 · see citing works
Brown, T. A., Campbell, L. A., Lehman, C. L., Grisham, J. R., & Mancill, R. B. (2001) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.110.4.585 · Cited by 1,562 · see citing works
Eye movements in natural behavior
Hayhoe, M., & Ballard, D. H. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.02.009 · Cited by 1,321 · see citing works
False Suffocation Alarms, Spontaneous Panics, and Related Conditions: An Integrative Hypothesis
Klein, D. F. (1993) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820160076009 · Cited by 1,130 · see citing works
A modern learning theory perspective on the etiology of panic disorder.
Bouton, M. E., Mineka, S., & Barlow, D. H. (2001) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.1.4 · Cited by 1,017 · see citing works
Fear reduction and fear behavior: Problems in treating a construct
Lang, P. J. (1968) · Research in psychotherapy. · doi:10.1037/10546-004 · Cited by 989 · see citing works
(1962) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10591-000 · Cited by 717 · see citing works
Treatment of specific phobia in adults
Choy, Y., Fyer, A. J., & Lipsitz, J. D. (2007) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.10.002 · Cited by 573 · see citing works
Fink, G. (2000) · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Kudielka, B. M., Broderick, J. E., & Kirschbaum, C. (2003) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000058374.50240.bf · Cited by 489 · see citing works
II. Desynchrony in measures of fear
HODGSON, R. J., & Rachman, S. (1974) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(74)90006-0 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Oxford Handbook of Anxiety and Related Disorders
(2008) · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195307030.001.0001 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Ambulatory Assessment - Monitoring Behavior in Daily Life Settings
Fahrenberg, J., Myrtek, M., Pawlik, K., & Perrez, M. (2007) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759.23.4.206 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Carlbring, P., Bohman, S., Brunt, S., Buhrman, M., Westling, B. E., Ekselius, L., & Andersson, G. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.12.2119 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Davis, T. E., Munson, M. S., & Reuther, E. T. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0234-4_11 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Panic Attacks in the Natural Environmet
Margraf, J., Taylor, C. B., Ehlers, A., Roth, W. T., & Agras, W. S. (1987) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198709000-00008 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Epidemiology of specific phobia subtypes: findings from the Dresden Mental Health Study
Becker, E. S., Rinck, M., Türke, V., Kause, P., Goodwin, R., Neumer, S., & Margraf, J. (2007) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.09.006 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Hoehn-Saric, R., McLeod, D. R., Funderburk, F., & Kowalski, P. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.9.913 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Wilkinson, D. J. C., Thompson, J. M., Lambert, G. W., Jennings, G. L., Schwarz, R. G., Jefferys, D., Turner, A. G., & Esler, M. D. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.6.511 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Newman, M. G., Kenardy, J. A., Herman, S., & Taylor, C. B. (1997) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.65.1.178 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Piasecki, T. M., Hufford, M. R., Solhan, M. B., & Trull, T. J. (2007) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.1.25 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Ambulatory heart rate changes in patients with panic attacks
Taylor, C. B., Sheikh, J. I., Agras, W. S., Roth, W. T., Margraf, J., Ehlers, A., Maddock, R. J., & Gossard, D. (1986) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.143.4.478 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Woods, S. W. (1987) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800160077010 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Rachman, S. (1994) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)90127-9 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Endocrine and cardiovascular responses during phobic anxiety.
Nesse, R. M., Curtis, G. C., Thyer, B. A., McCann, D. S., Huber-Smith, M. J., & Knopf, R. F. (1985) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198507000-00002 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Blood, breath and fears: A hyperventilation theory of panic attacks and agoraphobia
Ley, R. (1985) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(85)90008-x · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Wilhelm, F. H., Roth, W. T., & Sackner, M. A. (2003) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445503256321 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Turpin, G. (1999) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027//0269-8803.13.1.58 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Physiological changes during spontaneous panic attacks
LADER, M. H., & Mathews, A. (1970) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(70)90004-8 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Ambulatory Monitoring of Panic Disorder
Freedman, R. R. (1985) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790260038004 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Johnson, E. I., Grondin, O., Barrault, M., Faytout, M., Helbig, S., Husky, M., Granholm, E. L., Loh, C., Nadeau, L., Wittchen, H., et al. (2009) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.276 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Handbuch der psychologischen Diagnostik
Petermann, F., & Eid, M. (2006) · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Biomedical sciences instrumentation
Grishman, A. (1964) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(64)90166-3 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Carbon dioxide in the study of panic disorder: issues of definition, methodology, and outcome
Rassovsky, Y., & Kushner, M. G. (2002) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(02)00181-0 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Wilhelm, F. H., & Roth, W. T. (1998) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/s0048577298970196 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Salivary Cortisol in Panic Attacks
Bandelow, B., Wedekind, D., Pauls, J., Broocks, A., Hajak, G., & R�, E. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.3.454 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Wilhelm, F. H., & Roth, W. T. (2001) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(01)00091-6 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Slow Recovery From Voluntary Hyperventilation in Panic Disorder
Wilhelm, F. H., Gerlach, A. L., & Roth, W. T. (2001) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200107000-00017 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Psychophysiological Assessment During Exposure in Driving Phobic Patients.
Alpers, G. W., Wilhelm, F. H., & Roth, W. T. (2005) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.1.126 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationKamarck, T. W., Schwartz, J. E., Janicki, D. L., Shiffman, S. S., & Raynor, D. A. (2003) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.00069 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Hyperventilation and panic attacks
Garssen, B., Buikhuisen, M., & van Dyck, R. (1996) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.153.4.513 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Computer-assisted cognitive behavioral group therapy for social phobia
Gruber, K., Moran, P. J., Roth, W. T., & Taylor, C. B. (2001) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(01)80050-2 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Salivary Cortisol Response During Exposure Treatment in Driving Phobics
Alpers, G. W., Abelson, J. L., Wilhelm, F. H., & Roth, W. T. (2003) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000073872.85623.0c · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationWhen spiders appear suddenly: Spider-phobic patients are distracted by task-irrelevant spiders
Gerdes, A. B. M., Alpers, G. W., & Pauli, P. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.10.010 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationProgress in Ambulatory Assessment
Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (2001) · FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Ambulatory Activity Monitoring
Bussmann, J. B. J., Ebner‐Priemer, U., & Fahrenberg, J. (2009) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040.14.2.142 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Negative feelings and the desire to eat in bulimia nervosa
Alpers, G. W., & Tuschen‐Caffier, B. (2001) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s1471-0153(01)00040-x · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationPhobic fear and panic attacks: The same emotional states triggered by different cues?
Craske, M. G. (1991) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(91)90006-g · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Technology in psychotherapy: An introduction
Newman, M. G. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.10240 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Psychophysiology of relaxation-associated panic attacks.
Cohen, A. S., Barlow, D. H., & Blanchard, E. B. (1985) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.94.1.96 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Street, L. L., Craske, M. G., & Barlow, D. H. (1989) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(89)90078-8 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Barlow, J., Ellard, D. R., Hainsworth, J., Jones, F., & Fisher, A. (2005) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00499.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Gaffney, F. A. (1988) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800250063008 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Experimental analyses of panic—II. Panic patients
Rachman, S., Lopatka, C., & Levitt, K. (1988) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(88)90031-9 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
An investigation of the relation between reported fear and heart rate
Sartory, G., Rachman, S., & Grey, S. J. (1977) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(77)90048-1 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Psychological and Psychophysiological Ambulatory Monitoring
Ebner‐Priemer, U., & Kubiak, T. (2007) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759.23.4.214 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Cortisol excretion during the defense reaction in humans.
Fredrikson, M., Sundin, Ö., & Frankenhaeuser, M. (1985) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198507000-00001 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Wilhelm, F. H., Pfaltz, M. C., & Grossman, P. (2005) · Interacting with Computers · doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2005.07.001 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Generalizing from Laboratory Studies to Field Studies of Human Stress Physiology
Dimsdale, J. E. (1984) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198409000-00007 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Ambulatory monitoring of respiration in anxiety.
Martinez, J. M., Papp, L. A., Coplan, J. D., Anderson, D. E., Mueller, C., Klein, D. F., & Gorman, J. M. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Hyperventilation: Is It a Cause of Panic Attacks?
Hibbert, G. A., & Pilsbury, D. (1989) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.155.6.805 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Anxiety induced by cardiac perceptions in patients with panic attacks: A field study
Pauli, P., Marquardt, C., Hartl, L., Nutzinger, D. O., Hölzl, R., & Strian, F. (1991) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(91)90042-2 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Exogenous factors in panic disorder: clinical and research implications.
Pp, R.-B., & Uhde, T. W. (1988) · PubMed · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Psychological Precursors of Panic Attacks
Kenardy, J. A., Fried, L., KRAEMER, H. C., & Taylor, C. B. (1992) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.160.5.668 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Are Current Theories of Panic Falsifiable?
Roth, W. T., Wilhelm, F. H., & Pettit, D. (2005) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.2.171 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Alpers, G. W., & Sell, R. (2007) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.11.009 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationCognitions in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder Patients
Breitholtz, E., Westling, B. E., & Öst, L. (1998) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(98)00034-6 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Stegen, K., Bruyne, K. D., Rasschaert, W., van de Woestijne, K. P., & den Bergh, O. V. (1999) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.108.1.143 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Distinguishing emotional from physical activation in ambulatory psychophysiological monitoring
Wilhelm, F. H., Pfaltz, M. C., Grossman, P., & Roth, W. T. (2006) · PubMed · doi:10.5451/unibas-ep9413 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
The relationship between cardiac reactivity in the laboratory and in real life.
Johnston, D. W., Tuomisto, M. T., & Patching, G. R. (2008) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.34 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Clinical aspects of panic disorder
Ballenger, J. C. (1990) · Wiley-Liss eBooks · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Gorman, J. M., Martinez, J., Coplan, J. D., Kent, J., & Kleber, M. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.08.016 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Toward and away from spiders: eye-movements in spider-fearful participants
Gerdes, A. B. M., Pauli, P., & Alpers, G. W. (2009) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-008-0167-8 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationEnergy and macronutrient intake in bulimia nervosa
Alpers, G. W., & Tuschen‐Caffier, B. (2004) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2004.01.013 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationPhenomenology of Panic and Phobic Disorders
Hofmann, S. G., Alpers, G. W., & Pauli, P. (2008) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195307030.013.0003 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationCase studies and clinical replication series
Margraf, J., Ehlers, A., & Roth, W. T. (1987) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(87)80053-9 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Assessment of agoraphobia: Triple response measurement
Himadi, W. G., Boice, R., & Barlow, D. H. (1985) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90010-5 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Clinical assessment applications of ambulatory biosensors.
Haynes, S. N., & Yoshioka, D. T. (2007) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.1.44 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Hoffmann, U., E�feld, D., & Stegemann, J. (1990) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00236685 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Exposure to heights in a theme park: Fear, dizziness, and body sway
Alpers, G. W., & Adolph, D. (2007) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.05.008 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationThe reactivity of addictive behaviors to self-monitoring: A functional analysis
Fremouw, W. J., & Brown, J. P. (1980) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(80)90041-6 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Sensors and Sensor Systems for Psychophysiological Monitoring
Cutmore, T. R. H., & James, D. A. (2007) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803.21.1.51 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Assessing Cognitive Aspects of Anxiety
Last, C. G., Barlow, D. H., & O’Brien, G. T. (1985) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/01454455850091005 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Psychophysiological responses in panic and stress
Anastasiades, P., Clark, D. M., Salkovskis, P. M., Middleton, H. C., Hackman, A., Gelder, M., & Johnston, D. W. (1990) · Journal of Psychophysiology · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Psychophysiological assessment of driving phobia.
Sartory, G., Roth, W. T., & Kopell, M. L. (1992) · Journal of Psychophysiology · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Ambulatory monitoring of panic patients during regular activity: A preliminary report
Bystritsky, A., Craske, M. G., Maidenberg, E., Vapnik, T., & Shapiro, D. (1995) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00048-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Expected Versus Unexpected Panic Attacks
Kenardy, J. A., & Taylor, C. B. (1999) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(99)00013-4 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
O’Connor, P. J., Smith, J. C., & Morgan, W. P. (2000) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615800008248340 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Panic disorder and locomotor activity
Sakamoto, N., Yoshiuchi, K., Kikuchi, H., Takimoto, Y., Kaiya, H., Kumano, H., Yamamoto, Y., & Akabayashi, A. (2008) · BioPsychoSocial Medicine · doi:10.1186/1751-0759-2-23 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Retrospective Versus Prospective Self-Rating of Anxiety Symptoms and Cognitions
Marks, M., & Hemsley, D. (1999) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(99)00015-8 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Long-term effects of self-monitoring on reactivity and on accuracy
Nelson, R. O., Boykin, R. A., & Hayes, S. C. (1982) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(82)90095-x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The value of psychophysiological data for cognitive behavioral treatment of panic disorder
Hofmann, S. G. (1999) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/s1077-7229(99)80082-0 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
THE PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF PANIC ATTACKS DURING IN VIVO EXPOSURE
Khawaja, N. G., & Oei, T. P. S. (1999) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465899000892 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Trull, T. J., & Ebner-Priemer, U. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185510 · Cited by 761 · see citing works
Trull, T. J., & Ebner-Priemer, U. W. (2009) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0017653 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
“We provide a brief overview of the articles in this special section, each of which focuses on 1 of the following major classes of psychological disorders: mood disorders and mood dysregulation (Ebner-Priemer & Trull, 2009), anxiety disorders (Alpers, 2009), substance use disorders (Shiffman, 2009), and psychosis (Oors…”
InfluentialWalz, L. C., Nauta, M. H., & aan het Rot, M. (2014) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.022 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Loo Gee, B., Griffiths, K. M., & Gulliver, A. (2016) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocv043 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Ebenfeld, L., Kleine Stegemann, S., Lehr, D., Ebert, D. D., Jazaieri, H., van Ballegooijen, W., Funk, B., Riper, H., & Berking, M. (2014) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-427 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“In contrast, a mobile-based PD intervention tool can be used to assess the symptoms of PD in real-time through ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approaches [29-33].”
Background
- Authors
- Alpers, G. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Alpers, Georg W.
- ORCID
- Alpers, Georg W.
- Venue
- Psychological Assessment
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 476-485
- ISSN
- 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-134X
- OpenAlex
- W2024707234
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MADOC (University of Mannheim) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (01GV0617)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- ambulatory assessment, ecological momentary assessment, panic disorder, specific phobia, anxiety disorders, panic attacks, physiological responses, treatment monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Ambulatory Care, Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Carbon Dioxide, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Personality Assessment, Phobic Disorders, Predictive Value of Tests, Mental Recall, Electrocardiography, Ambulatory, Panic Disorder, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Computers, Handheld
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
