A 20-hydroxyecdysone-enriched fraction from Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) pedersen roots alleviates stress, anxiety, and depression in mice
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pfaffia glomerata roots are widely used in Brazil to treat various pathological conditions, particularly psychological disorders. 20-hydroxyecdysone, a phytosteroid present in the plant, can promote greater body resistance against exogenous and endogenous stressors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible neuroprotective effect of a 20-hydroxyecdysone-enriched fraction (20E-EF), obtained from P. glomerata roots, in an acute murine stress model. MATERIAL AND METHODS The 20E-EF was obtained by partitioning the methanol extract from P. glomerata roots with dichloromethane. Mice were treated by gavage with three doses of 20E-EF (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg) and parameters of stress, anxiety, and depression were evaluated. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (enzymes, antioxidant profile, and oxidized molecules) were evaluated in the cortex, striatum (basal ganglia), and hippocampus of animals treated with 30 mg/kg of 20E-EF. RESULTS Mass spectrometry revealed that 20E was the main compound in the dichloromethane fraction. At a dose of 30 mg/kg, 20E-EF reduced stress, anxiety, and depression, while stimulating antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase), promoting antioxidant activity (antioxidant capacity, sulfhydryl groups, and reduced glutathione), and reducing oxidative markers (lipid peroxidation). In addition, 20E increased the concentration of NO in the striatum, possibly improving memory function and antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION A 30 mg/kg dose of 20E-EF was able to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, in addition to maintaining antioxidant defenses of the cortex and striatum. These findings open new perspectives for understanding the therapeutic properties of P. glomerata and the underlying mechanism(s).
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Stress, anxiety, and depression were reduced in mice by a 20E-enriched fraction of Pfafia glomerulata roots.
“Stress, anxiety, and depression were reduced in mice by a 20E-enriched fraction of Pfafia glomerulata roots [53].”
From Molecular Targets of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Mammals, Mechanism of Action: Is It a Calorie Restriction Mimetic and Anti-Aging Compound? (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
Anti-oxidant enzymes were activated, and oxidative markers were reduced.
“The anti-oxidant enzymes were activated, and the oxidative markers were reduced.”
From Molecular Targets of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Mammals, Mechanism of Action: Is It a Calorie Restriction Mimetic and Anti-Aging Compound? (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
The concentration of NO increased in the striatum.
“The concentration of NO increased in the striatum, which may improve memory function and anti-oxidant activity.”
From Molecular Targets of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Mammals, Mechanism of Action: Is It a Calorie Restriction Mimetic and Anti-Aging Compound? (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
Ecdysterone does not appear to possess any severe side effects.
“Furthermore, ecdysterone does not appear to possess any severe side effects [19,47,49,50,51,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [50]
Ecdysteroids have purported adaptogenic and non-androgenic anabolic properties in mammals.
“One of the most interesting properties of ecdysteroids in mammals is their purported adaptogenic and non-androgenic anabolic properties [24].”
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- Authors
- Franco, R. R., de Almeida Takata, L., Chagas, K., Justino, A. B., Saraiva, A. L., Goulart, L. R., de Melo Rodrigues Ávila, V., Otoni, W. C., Espindola, F. S., & da Silva, C. R.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (BR)
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (BR)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 267
- Pages
- 113599
- ISSN
- 0378-8741 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3098904688
- Semantic Scholar
- ac3855c456205910872184f8de9958741dc15b96
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 4.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- FAPEMIG (APQ-01856-14, CNPq-465669/2014-0, FAPEMIG-CBB-APQ-03613-17)
- CNPq (308965/2015-9)
- CAPES
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications
- Keywords
- Pfaffia glomerata, 20-hydroxyecdysone, phytosteroids, roots, neuroprotection, stress, anxiety, depression, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, striatum, hippocampus, cortex, memory, ethnomedicine
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Antioxidants, Anxiety, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Depression, Disease Models, Animal, Ecdysterone, Exploratory Behavior, Male, Memory, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Activity, Plant Extracts, Stress, Psychological, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Lipid Peroxidation, Biomarkers, Oxidative Stress, Plant Roots, Amaranthaceae, Mice
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