Strangers in sync: achieving embodied rapport through shared movements.
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This paper examines the emergence of behavioral synchrony among strangers in the context of self-disclosure, and their path in predicting interaction quality. Specifically, we hypothesize that behavioral synchrony mediates the direct effect of self-disclosure on the development of embodied rapport. Same-sex stranger pairs (n=94) were randomly assigned to a videorecorded self-disclosure or control condition, and afterward each member rated their social interaction. Following the procedure used by Bernieri, Reznick, & Rosenthal (1988), two trained judges independently watched each video record and rated each pair interaction on behavioral synchrony. Bootstrapping analyses provide support for the hypothesized mediating effect of behavioral synchrony, which emerged as independent of the effects of self-other overlap and positive affect. The authors discuss implications of behavioral synchrony for relationship formation processes and the inevitable entwinement of behavior and judgments in light of embodied cognition.
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Synchrony in face-to-face interactions plays a key role in the formation of interpersonal bonds.
“synchrony in face-to-face interactions plays a key role in the formation of interpersonal bonds (Feldman, 2007; Wiltermuth and Heath, 2009; Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012).”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012
People synchronize more with people with whom they have self-disclosed.
“with people with whom they have self-disclosed (Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012).”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012
Moving in synchrony increases liking, compassion, and rapport with partners.
“moving in synchrony has been found to increase liking, compassion, and rapport with partners (Hove and Risen, 2009; Valdesolo and DeSteno, 2011; Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012).”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012
Visual synchronization of physical movements increases feelings of affiliation, self-esteem, compassion and altruistic behavior, rapport, and increased prosocial behavior, while during arguments, synchrony decreases.
“For example, the visual synchronization of physical movements increases feelings of affiliation (32), self-esteem (33), compassion and altruistic behavior (34), rapport (35), and increased prosocial behavior (36), while during arguments, synchrony decreases (37).”
From New Frontiers in Heart Rate Variability and Social Coherence Research: Techniques, Technologies, and Implications for Improving Group Dynamics and Outcomes (2017) · cites this paper as [35]
Synchrony plays a key role in establishing rapport outside the clinical domain.
“research outside the clinical domain has shown that synchrony plays a key role in establishing rapport (Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012)”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Vacharkulksemsuk and Fredrickson, 2012
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Impairments of interpersonal synchrony evident in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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Training in psychotherapy: a call for embodied and psychophysiological approaches
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A gene-dependent climatoeconomic model of generalized trust
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Mindful Attraction and Synchronization: Mindfulness and Regulation of Interpersonal Synchronicity
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The role of rapport in satisfying one’s basic psychological needs
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We Know Who Likes Us, but Not Who Competes Against Us
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Socially Aware Virtual Characters: The Social Signal of Smiles [Social Sciences]
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The Potential Role of Dopamine in Mediating Motor Function and Interpersonal Synchrony
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Studying the process of psychoanalytic parent–infant psychotherapy: Embodied and discursive aspects
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Away from the herd: loneliness as a dysfunction of social alignment
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Circadian Rhythms and Physiological Synchrony
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- Authors
- Vacharkulksemsuk, T., & Fredrickson, B. L.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vacharkulksemsuk, Tanya
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 399-402
- ISSN
- 0022-1031 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3290409
- OpenAlex
- W2033243590
- Cited by
- 231
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 59615, R01MH059615)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Embodied and Extended Cognition
- Keywords
- behavioral synchrony, self-disclosure, strangers, interaction quality, relationship formation, embodied cognition, self-other overlap, positive affect
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