Decoding the invisible forces of social connections
Open accessAbstract
By its 20th anniversary, social neuroscience has witnessed an incredible rise in the number of studies demonstrating the effects of perceived social isolation (e.g., loneliness, ostracism), and inversely, the beneficial effects of social bonding (e.g., love, desire, attachment) on social perception, cognition, and behavior and on mental and physical health. The current review underscores the importance of two factors in this literature: (1) where an individual falls along the continuum of isolation/bonding from feelings of rejection and neglect to feelings of strong, stable, trusted social bonds, and (2) whether gauging an individual's general feeling of social isolation/bonding or the specific feeling of isolation/bonding toward the person with whom the individual is interacting. Evidence shows that these factors are related to brain and cognition, including embodied social cognition-a system integrating past self-related actions from which simulation mechanisms can be used to access other people's minds and anticipate their actions. The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying sensorimotor mapping between interacting individuals offers an empirical opportunity to investigate the interpersonal forces that operate on individuals at a distance. This multilevel integrative approach provides a valuable tool for investigating the brain networks responsible for understanding acute and chronic social disorders.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Findings from two longitudinal health surveys suggest that loneliness predicts decrements in subjective sleep quality, which in turn feed forward to further exacerbate subsequent loneliness, suggesting a bidirectional causal relationship.
“findings from two longitudinal health surveys of older adults [27, 28] suggest that loneliness predicts decrements in subjective sleep quality, which, in turn, feed forward to further exacerbate subsequent loneliness, suggesting a bidirectional causal relationship.”
From Loneliness and health in older adults: a mini-review and synthesis (2016) · cites this paper as [27]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
James, W. (1891) · Henry Holt and Company eBooks · doi:10.1037/11059-000 · Cited by 25,799 · see citing works
Rizzolatti, G., & Craighero, L. (2004) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144230 · Cited by 7,433 · see citing works
Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316 · Cited by 7,272 · cited 2× · see citing works
“45—larger than found for marriage or physical activity, approximately double the odds ratio for increased mortality for obesity, and quadruples the odds ratio for air pollution (Holt-Lunstad et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialUCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure
Russell, D. W. (1996) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2 · Cited by 5,800 · see citing works
Universal dimensions of social cognition: warmth and competence
Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2006.11.005 · Cited by 4,567 · see citing works
The Theory of Moral Sentiments
Smith, A. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118011690.ch10 · Cited by 3,160 · see citing works
Cattaneo, L., & Rizzolatti, G. (2009) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.41 · Cited by 3,137 · see citing works
Forming impressions of personality.
Asch, S. E. (1946) · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0055756 · Cited by 2,697 · see citing works
Perceived social isolation and cognition
Cacioppo, J. T., & Hawkley, L. C. (2009) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.06.005 · Cited by 2,144 · see citing works
Self-citationFORMING IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONALITY
Asch, S. E. (1961) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520313514-018 · Cited by 2,100 · see citing works
Hatfield, E. C., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1993) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770953 · Cited by 1,931 · see citing works
Self-citationWiltermuth, S. S., & Heath, C. (2009) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x · Cited by 1,717 · see citing works
Humans Have Evolved Specialized Skills of Social Cognition: The Cultural Intelligence Hypothesis
Herrmann, E., Call, J., Hernàndez-Lloreda, M. V., Hare, B., & Tomasello, M. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1146282 · Cited by 1,582 · see citing works
Dunbar, R., & Shultz, S. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1145463 · Cited by 1,580 · see citing works
Loneliness: human nature and the need for social connection
(2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-1765 · Cited by 1,572 · see citing works
Self-citationEmbodiment in attitudes, social perception, and emotion
Niedenthal, P. M., Barsalou, L. W., Winkielman, P., Krauth-Gruber, S., & Ric, F. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0903_1 · Cited by 1,484 · see citing works
Loneliness and Risk of Alzheimer Disease
Wilson, R. S., Krueger, K. R., Arnold, S. E., Schneider, J. A., Kelly, J. F., Barnes, L. L., Tang, Y., & Bennett, D. A. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.234 · Cited by 1,363 · see citing works
It's All in the Timing: Interpersonal Synchrony Increases Affiliation
Hove, M. J., & Risen, J. L. (2009) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2009.27.6.949 · Cited by 1,334 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…2012), to improve group cohesion (McNeil, 1995), to foster cooperation (Wiltermuth and Heath, 2009), and to breed compassion (Valdesolo and DeSteno, 2011), emotional support satisfaction (Jones and Wirtz, 2007), elevated pain thresholds (Cohen et al., 2010) and affiliation (Hove and Risen, 2009).”
BackgroundLoneliness in Older Persons: A Predictor of Functional Decline and Death
Perissinotto, C. M., Stijacic Cenzer, I., & Covinsky, K. E. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.1993 · Cited by 1,269 · see citing works
Loneliness, health, and mortality in old age: A national longitudinal study
Luo, Y., Hawkley, L. C., Waite, L. J., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2012) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.028 · Cited by 1,232 · see citing works
Self-citationGrafton, S., Arbib, M., Fadiga, L., & Rizzolatti, G. (1996) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00227183 · Cited by 1,045 · see citing works
Cacioppo, J. T., & Gardner, W. L. (1999) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.191 · Cited by 1,004 · see citing works
Self-citationLove and the Expansion of Self: Understanding Attraction and Satisfaction
Sprecher, S., Aron, A. P., & Aron, E. N. (1988) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2070652 · Cited by 781 · see citing works
Synchrony and the social tuning of compassion.
Valdesolo, P., & DeSteno, D. (2011) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0021302 · Cited by 654 · see citing works
Zhong, C., & Leonardelli, G. J. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02165.x · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Epley, N., Akalis, S., Waytz, A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02056.x · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Self-citationEmbodiment as a unifying perspective for psychology
Glenberg, A. M. (2010) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.55 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Social Exclusion and Selective Memory: How the Need to belong Influences Memory for Social Events
Gardner, W. L., Pickett, C. L., & Brewer, M. B. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167200266007 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Predictors of cognitive decline and mortality of aged people over a 10‐year period
Tilvis, R. S., Kahonen-Vare, M. H., Jolkkonen, J., Valvanne, J., Pitkala, K. H., & Strandberg, T. E. (2004) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/59.3.m268 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Norman, G. J., & Berntson, G. G. (2011) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06028.x · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Self-citationTHE WARM‐COLD VARIABLE IN FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONS
KELLEY, H. H. (1950) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1950.tb01260.x · Cited by 509 · see citing works
I Am Too Just Like You: Nonconscious Mimicry as an Automatic Behavioral Response to Social Exclusion
Lakin, J. L., Chartrand, T. L., & Arkin, R. M. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02162.x · Cited by 485 · see citing works
:Keeping Together in Time: Dance and Drill in Human History
Robins, M. R., & Robins, R. (1997) · Sixteenth Century Journal · doi:10.2307/2543056 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Primitive emotional contagion.
Hatfield, E. C., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1992) · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Self-citationDo Lonely Days Invade the Nights? Potential Social Modulation of Sleep Efficiency
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Berntson, G. G., Ernst, J. M., Gibbs, A. C., Stickgold, R., & Hobson, J. A. (2002) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00469 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Thermometer of Social Relations
IJzerman, H., & Semin, G. R. (2009) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02434.x · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Neural circuits involved in imitation and perspective-taking
Jackson, P. L., Meltzoff, A. N., & Decety, J. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.026 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Social psychological contributions to the decade of the brain: Doctrine of multilevel analysis.
Cacioppo, J. T., & Berntson, G. G. (1992) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.47.8.1019 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Self-citationEmbodiment in Social Psychology
Meier, B. P., Schnall, S., Schwarz, N., & Bargh, J. A. (2012) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01212.x · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Hall, G. S., & James, W. (1990) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1423324 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Localization of grasp representations in humans by PET
Rizzolatti, G., Fadiga, L., Matelli, M., Bettinardi, V., Paulesu, E., Perani, D., & Fazio, F. (1996) · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Cacioppo, J. T., Norris, C. J., Decety, J., Monteleone, G., & Nusbaum, H. (2009) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21007 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Self-citationEmbodied Grounding: Social, Cognitive, Affective, and Neuroscientific Approaches
Semin, G. R., & Smith, E. R. (2008) · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Embodied Cognition and the Simulation of Action to Understand Others
Grafton, S. T. (2009) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04425.x · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Repetition suppression of ventromedial prefrontal activity during judgments of self and others
Jenkins, A. C., Macrae, C. N., & Mitchell, J. P. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0708785105 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Adaptive Responses to Social Exclusion
Bernstein, M. J., Young, S. G., Brown, C. M., Sacco, D. F., & Claypool, H. M. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02187.x · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Rowers' high: behavioural synchrony is correlated with elevated pain thresholds
Cohen, E. E. A., Ejsmond-Frey, R., Knight, N., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2010) · Biology Letters · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0670 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
The substitutability of physical and social warmth in daily life.
Bargh, J. A., & Shalev, I. (2011) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0023527 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Strangers in sync: achieving embodied rapport through shared movements.
Vacharkulksemsuk, T., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2012) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2011.07.015 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Keeping together in time: dance and drill in human history
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-5497 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Temperature perceptions as a ground for social proximity
IJzerman, H., & Semin, G. R. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2010.07.015 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Response of Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Predicts Altruistic Behavior
Waytz, A. G., Zaki, J., & Mitchell, J. P. (2012) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6193-11.2012 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Grounding symbolic operations in the brain’s modal systems
Barsalou, L. W. (2008) · Embodied Grounding · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511805837.002 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
The Common Neural Bases Between Sexual Desire and Love: A Multilevel Kernel Density fMRI Analysis
Cacioppo, S., Bianchi‐Demicheli, F., Frum, C., Pfaus, J. G., & Lewis, J. W. (2012) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02651.x · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroimaging of love: FMRI meta-analysis evidence toward new perspectives in sexual medicine
Ortigue, S., Bianchi-Demicheli, F., Patel, N., Frum, C., & Lewis, J. W. (2010) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01999.x · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Embodiment as a unifying perspective for psychology
Schubert, T. W., & Semin, G. R. (2009) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.670 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Ott, S. R., & Rogers, S. M. (2010) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.0694 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Interfaces of social psychology with situated and embodied cognition
Semin, G. R., & Smith, E. R. (2002) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/s1389-0417(02)00049-9 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The social brain meets neuroimaging
Dunbar, R. I. M. (2012) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.11.013 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Socially excluded individuals fail to recruit medial prefrontal cortex for negative social scenes
Powers, K. E., Wagner, D. D., Norris, C. J., & Heatherton, T. F. (2011) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr079 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Cacioppo, J. T., & Cacioppo, S. (2012) · European Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17405629.2012.690510 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationMondillon, L., Niedenthal, P. M., Gil, S., & Droit‐Volet, S. (2007) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910701376894 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Social relationships and groups: New insights on embodied and distributed cognition
Smith, E. R. (2007) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2007.06.011 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Exclusion and Nonconscious Behavioral Mimicry
Williams, K. D., Forgas, J. P., & Hippel, W. V. (2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203942888-27 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Sad Monkey See, Monkey Do:” Nonverbal Matching in Emotional Support Encounters
Jones, S. M., & Wirtz, J. G. (2007) · Communication Studies · doi:10.1080/10510970601168731 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Keeping Together in Time: Dance and Drill in Human History.
Grau, A., & McNeill, W. H. (1998) · Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.2307/3034532 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Cacioppo, J. T., Berntson, G. G., Sheridan, J. F., & McClintock, M. K. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.126.6.829 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationEvolutionary Basis of the Social Brain
Dunbar, R. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342161.013.0003 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Meyer‐Lindenberg, A. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1162908 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Further reflections on how we interpret the actions of others
Rizzolatti, G., & Sinigaglia, C. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/455589b · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Tsukiura, T. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00050 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
From Embodied Representation to Co-regulation
Semin, G. R., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2008) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-479-7_5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationNeville, S. J., LaGrow, S. J., & Alpass, F. (2009) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
THE METAPHOR: A PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY
Asch, S. E. (1961) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520313514-021 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Characterizing socially avoidant and affiliative responses to social exclusion
Powers, K. E., & Heatherton, T. F. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00046 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The thermometer of social relations: Mapping social proximity on temperature
IJzerman, H., & Semin, G. R. (2009) · Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 79 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Pickett C. L. Gardner W. L. (2005). The social monitoring system: enhanced sensitivity to social cues as an adaptive response to social exclusion, in The Social Outcast: Ostracism, Social Exclusion, Rejection, and Bullying, eds Williams K. Forgas J. von Hippel W. (New York, NY: Psychology Press), 213– 226
- Pickett C. L. Gardner W. L. Knowles M. (2003). Eyes and ears: rejection and enhanced sensitivity to auditory and visual social cues, In Rejection Makes Me Feel Bad, but also Mad, Sad, or Had? Varieties of Response to Ostracism, Exclusion, and Negativity, in Symposium Conducted at the Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, ed Fiske S. T. (Los Angeles, CA).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
How important are the common factors in psychotherapy? An update
Wampold, B. E. (2015) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20238 · Cited by 1,728 · see citing works
Loneliness: clinical import and interventions
Cacioppo, S., Grippo, A. J., London, S., Goossens, L., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615570616 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works
Self-citationSocial relationships and health: The toxic effects of perceived social isolation
Cacioppo, J. T., & Cacioppo, S. (2014) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12087 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Self-citationLoneliness and health in older adults: a mini-review and synthesis
Ong, A. D., Uchino, B. N., & Wethington, E. (2016) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000441651 · Cited by 868 · see citing works
The growth of incarceration in the United States: exploring causes and consequences
Travis, J., Western, B., & Redburn, F. (2014) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/18613 · Cited by 1,095 · see citing works
Herding Brains: A Core Neural Mechanism for Social Alignment
Shamay-Tsoory, S. G., Saporta, N., Marton-Alper, I. Z., & Gvirts, H. Z. (2019) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2019.01.002 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
The alliance in mental health care: conceptualization, evidence and clinical applications
Wampold, B. E., & Flückiger, C. (2023) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21035 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Persuasion, Influence, and Value: Perspectives from Communication and Social Neuroscience
Falk, E. B., & Scholz, C. (2017) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011821 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
The Psychological Effects of Solitary Confinement: A Systematic Critique
Haney, C. W. (2018) · Crime and Justice · doi:10.1086/696041 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
McNeal, N., Scotti, M.-A. L., Wardwell, J., Chandler, D. L., Bates, S. L., LaRocca, M., Trahanas, D. M., & Grippo, A. J. (2014) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2013.10.001 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Riedl, C., & Woolley, A. W. (2016) · Academy of Management Discoveries · doi:10.5465/amd.2015.0097 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
You are in sync with me: Neural correlates of interpersonal synchrony with a partner
Cacioppo, S., Zhou, H., Monteleone, G., Majka, E. A., Quinn, K. A., Ball, A. B., Norman, G. J., Semin, G. R., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2014) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.051 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationGrippo, A. J., Ihm, E., Wardwell, J., McNeal, N., Scotti, M. L., Moenk, D. A., Chandler, D. L., LaRocca, M. A., & Preihs, K. (2014) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000052 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Malta, G. D., Bond, J., Conroy, D., Smith, K., & Moller, N. P. (2022) · Distance Education · doi:10.1080/01587919.2022.2029352 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Amplitude envelope correlations measure synchronous cortical oscillations in performing musicians
Zamm, A., Debener, S., Bauer, A. R., Bleichner, M. G., Demos, A. P., & Palmėr, C. (2018) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13738 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Behavioral ethics for Homo economicus, Homo heuristicus, and Homo duplex
Kluver, J. R., Frazier, R. S., & Haidt, J. (2014) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.12.004 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
D’Oliveira, T. C., & Persico, L. (2022) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103894 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
A neurobiological perspective on social influence: Serotonin and social adaptation
Duerler, P., Vollenweider, F. X., & Preller, K. H. (2022) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15607 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Current research and emerging directions in emotion-cognition interactions
Dolcos, F., Wang, L., & Mather, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2014.00083 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Healing in a Social Context: The Importance of Clinician and Patient Relationship
Wampold, B. E. (2021) · Frontiers in Pain Research · doi:10.3389/fpain.2021.684768 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Friendship network position and salivary cortisol levels
Kornienko, O., Clemans, K. H., Out, D., & Granger, D. A. (2013) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2013.795500 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Cloître, M., & Schmidt, J. A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-97802-0_14 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Pandya, S. P. (2019) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2019.1691143 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
General system theory as a framework for biopsychosocial research and practice in mental health
Tramonti, F., Giorgi, F., & Fanali, A. (2019) · Systems Research and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/sres.2593 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Schülke, O., Anzà, S., Crockford, C., Moor, D. D., Deschner, T., Fichtel, C., Gogarten, J. F., Kappeler, P. M., Manin, V., Müller‐Klein, N., et al. (2022) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-022-03133-5 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Are there benefits of social overinclusion? Behavioral and ERP effects in the Cyberball paradigm
Niedeggen, M., Sarauli, N., Cacciola, S., & Weschke, S. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00935 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Tsukiura, T. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00050 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Psychoneuroendocrinology of Stress
Gunnar, M., Doom, J., & Esposito, E. A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy304 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Portugal, L. C. L., Gama, C. M. F., Gonçalves, R., Mendlowicz, M. V., Erthal, F. S., Mocaiber, I., Tsirlis, K., Volchan, E., David, I. A., Pereira, M. G., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.752870 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Bodily sensations in social scenarios: Where in the body?
Novembre, G., Zanon, M., Morrison, I., & Ambron, E. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206270 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Mother-infant interpersonal neural connectivity predicts infants’ social learningPreprint
Leong, V., Noreika, V., Clackson, K., Georgieva, S., Brightman, L., Nutbrown, R., Fujita, S., Neale, D., & Wass, S. V. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/gueaq · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Why may allopregnanolone help alleviate loneliness?
Cacioppo, S., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2015) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2015.09.004 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationPreparing to caress: a neural signature of social bonding
Campagnoli, R. R., Krutman, L., Vargas, C., Lobo, I., Oliveira, J. M., Oliveira, L., Pereira, M., David, I., & Volchan, E. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00016 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
McMillan, F. D. (2016) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.013 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Wampold, B. E. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119165590.ch3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Bonding Pictures: Affective Ratings Are Specifically Associated to Loneliness But Not to Empathy
Silva, H. D., Campagnoli, R. R., Mota, B. E. F., Araújo, C. R. V., Álvares, R. S. R., Mocaiber, I., Rocha-Rego, V., Volchan, E., & Souza, G. G. L. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01136 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Saporta, N., Scheele, D., Lieberz, J., Nevat, M., Kanterman, A., Hurlemann, R., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac073 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Beyond human intentions and emotions
Juan, E., Frum, C., Bianchi‐Demicheli, F., Wang, Y., Lewis, J. W., & Cacioppo, S. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00099 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationHow Psychedelic-Assisted Treatment Works in the Bayesian Brain
Villiger, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.812180 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Normann, M. C., McNeal, N., Dagner, A., Ihm, E., Woodbury, M., & Grippo, A. J. (2018) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000558 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Characterizing socially avoidant and affiliative responses to social exclusion
Powers, K. E., & Heatherton, T. F. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00046 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Neural Computation and Neuromodulation Underlying Social Behavior
Bergan, J. F. (2015) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icv061 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Touched by loneliness—how loneliness impacts the response to observed human touch: a tDCS study
Saporta, N., Peled‐Avron, L., Scheele, D., Lieberz, J., Hurlemann, R., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2021) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsab122 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The overlooked potential for social factors to improve effectiveness of brain-computer interfaces
Sexton, C. A. (2015) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2015.00070 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The Therapeutic Value of the Relationship for Placebo Effects and Other Healing Practices
Wampold, B. E. (2018) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2018.07.019 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Predicting wellness among rural older Australians: a cross-sectional study
Hodgkin, S., Warburton, J., & Hancock, S. (2018) · Rural and Remote Health · doi:10.22605/rrh4547 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
General self-efficacy and frailty in hospitalized older patients: The mediating effect of loneliness
Li, X., Yang, K., An, Y., Liu, M., Yan, C., & Huang, R. (2022) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.10.019 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The Role of Embodiment in Optimal Functioning
Hefferon, K. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118996874.ch45 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Filippi, E. D., Wolter, M., Melo, B. R. P., Tierra-Criollo, C. J., Bortolini, T., Deco, G., & Moll, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.711279 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Individual Differences in Social Attachment: A Multi-disciplinary Perspective
Gustison, M. L., & Phelps, S. M. (2022) · Genes, Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12792 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Simard, V., & Dandeneau, S. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2017.08.002 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The effect of social media fatigue on compulsive buying
Li, M., & Ma, Q. (2024) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2024.2358359 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
How to Use Research to Become More Effective Therapists
Wampold, B. E. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50675-3_14 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Solitary Confinement, Loneliness, and Psychological Harm
Haney, C. W. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190947927.003.0008 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Grippo, A. J., McNeal, N., Watanasriyakul, W. T., Cacioppo, S., Scotti, M. L., & Dagner, A. (2019) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2019.1572031 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationZeas-Sigüenza, A., Oliveira, S. M., Ferreira, C., Ganho-Ávila, A., Vagos, P., & Ruisoto, P. (2023) · Ansiedad y Estrés · doi:10.5093/anyes2023a3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Psychosocial interventions for violence exposed youth – A systematic review
Lindert, J., Jakubauskienė, M., Natan, M., Wehrwein, A., Bain, P. A., Schmahl, C. G., Kamenov, K., Carta, M. G., & Cabello, M. (2020) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104530 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Social Disconnection in African American Women With Breast Cancer
Heiney, S. P. (2013) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/14.onf.e28-e34 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Cross-Cultural Methods in Sexual Psychology: Love Research
Kowal, M. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_734-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zeas-Sigüenza, A., Voldstad, A., Ruisoto, P., Ganho-Ávila, A., Guiomar, R. N. R. M., Cacho, R., Muntané, F., & Benach, J. (2025) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe15070131 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Social neuroscience and social genomics: the emergence of multi-level integrative analyses
Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., & Cole, S. W. (2013) · International journal of psychological research · doi:10.21500/20112084.711 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh Adversity Resilience Training (HART): Development for emergency responders and defence
Rossouw, J. G., Herlofson, J., Geldenhuys, D. J., & Erieau, C. L. (2024) · Journal of Applied Neurosciences · doi:10.4102/jan.v3i1.8 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
MacMahon, S. J. (2020) · ACCESS Contemporary Issues in Education · doi:10.46786/ac20.9176 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Differences in perceived social connection help explain SES-based gaps in well-being
Fang, W. M., Courtney, A. L., Jackson, M. O., & Zaki, J. (2025) · Social Networks · doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2025.03.004 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The benefits of learning movement sequences in social interactions
Nahardiya, G., Markus, A., Bennet, R., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.901900 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Beyond clinical risk: tackling loneliness through a population health lens
Zeas-Sigüenza, A., Ruisoto, P., Koldewyn, K., Muntané, F., & Benach, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1609060 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
How Attitude Similarity Influences College Students’ Social Connectedness
谢, 诗. (2021) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2021.112059 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Popovic, N., Baño-Otálora, B., Rol, M., Venero, C., Madrid, J., & Popović, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1221090 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Neuroimaging of Love in the Twenty-first Century
Cacioppo, S. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108658225.005 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationBartolo, M. G., Servidio, R. C., Musso, P., Palermiti, A. L., Iannello, N. M., Perucchini, P., & Costabile, A. (2020) · RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA · doi:10.3280/rip2020-001003 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Time and Frequency of Social Media Use and Loneliness Among U.S. Adults
Gorman, J. R., Kim, H., Sakuma, K.-L. K., Koneru, G., Aslam, M., Abreu, C. A., & Primack, B. A. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22101510 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Happiness Shapes and Is Shaped by Social Cognition and Social Connection
Okabe‐Miyamoto, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197763414.013.26 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zeas-Sigüenza, A., Oliveira, S., Ferreira, C., Ganho, A., Vagos, P., & Ruisoto, P. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/eyxvn · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Possibilities in Problematising Social Connection as More-Than-Human: A Speculative Case
Gan, L. (2025) · Possibility Studies & Society · doi:10.1177/27538699251396346 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Short-term dynamic changes in interbrain synchrony during first social interaction between strangers
Atias, D., Markus, A., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2026) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121752 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Turner, L. (2021) · Zygon® · doi:10.1111/zygo.12724 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Martínez, R. F., Fernández-Pereira, C., Pérez-Rodríguez, D., Salgado‐Barreira, Á., Veiga, C., Teso-Cuesta, S., Prieto-González, J. M., Diez, J. M., & Agís‐Balboa, R. C. (2022) · International Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.3390/ijtm3010002 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A conservation study of the causal relationship between social impact and social status
Egan, D. (2014) · eSource (Dublin Business School)
Cultivating Meaning at Work, in Four Movements
Kendall, Y. (2017) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)
LA ARITMÉTICA QUE ENCARNA EL CUERPO EN QUE NACÍ DE GUADALUPE NETTEL
Wentworth, I., & Calle, M. G. (2022) · Acta literaria · doi:10.29393/al64-3aewg20003
Özkul, B., Candemir, C., Oğuz, K., Eroglu-Koc, S., Kizilates-Evin, G., Uğurlu, O., Erdoğan, Y., Mull, D. D., Eker, M. C., Kitiş, Ö., et al. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13111509
Determinants of Social Loneliness and Negative Coping Styles of the Socially Lonely
Facey, M. A., & Speelman, C. P. (2025) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941251330561
Social exclusion selectively attenuates social reward processing but promotes prosocial evaluations
Hu, C., Li, X., & Wang, C. (2026) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsag017
A Social Healing Model and Its Application to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Wampold, B. E., & Wenzel, A. E. (2026) · CBT: science into practice · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05191-2_2
Social Physiology: Human homeostasis is more efficient in social proximity
Masalha, M., Cohen, M. T., Aloni, M., Toledo, E., Stahl, E., Shachar, D., Eliav, O., Fuchs, S., & Atzil, S. (2026) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aeg4937
Wu, K., Jiang, S., & Li, D. (2026) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-026-08787-4
- Authors
- Cacioppo, S., & Cacioppo, J. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cacioppo, Stephanie
- Venue
- Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 51-51
- ISSN
- 1662-5145 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3404426
- OpenAlex
- W2152374164
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 11.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (128599, FNS_PP00_1_128599/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Keywords
- social isolation, social bonding, loneliness, ostracism, attachment, sensorimotor mapping, interpersonal interaction, social perception, social neuroscience, social disorder
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review