Post-traumatic growth and its predictors among Syrian refugees in Istanbul: A mental health population survey
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: The negative mental health effects of exposure to trauma are well-documented. However, some individuals are theorized to undergo post-traumatic growth (PTG) after exposure to trauma, potentially experiencing positive psychological change across five domains: appreciation for life, relationships with others, new possibilities in life, personal strength, and spiritual change. PTG is less studied in forcibly displaced populations in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore levels of PTG and associated factors among Syrian refugee adults living in Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1678 respondents. This study analyzed PTG data from 768 individuals as measured by the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Descriptive analysis and univariate and multivariate least squares linear regression modeling were used. Factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha tests assessed the psychometric properties of the PTGI. RESULTS: The sample exhibited a moderate level of PTG at 55.94 (SD=22.91, range 0-105). Factor analysis of PTGI revealed only four factors instead of five, and the PTGI yielded high internal reliability (Cronbach's α=0.90). PTG and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had a curvilinear relationship, with the highest PTG levels experienced by those with moderate PTSD levels. Five other variables were significantly associated with PTG: older age, less education, somatic distress, and history of an overnight stay at a health facility for mental health care were associated with lower PTG, while more years of education were associated with higher PTG. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the role of the sociodemographic and psychological determinants that influence post-traumatic growth among Syrian refugees in Istanbul. These findings could be used to inform future research and programs seeking to understand PTG in refugees.
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- Authors
- Wen, K., McGrath, M., Acarturk, C., Ilkkursun, Z., Fuhr, D. C., Sondorp, E., Cuijpers, P., Sijbrandij, M., & Roberts, B.
- Affiliations
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Royal Tropical Institute (NL)
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Roberts, Bayard
- Venue
- Journal of Migration and Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 1-2
- Pages
- 100010
- ISSN
- 2666-6235 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8352006
- OpenAlex
- W3110238380
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 1.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Migration and Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Horizon 2020 (20142020, 733337)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Keywords
- posttraumatic growth, Syrian refugees, forced displacement, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental health, sociodemographic predictors, somatic distress, mental health service utilization, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, psychometric validation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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