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The focusing and informational effects of norms on pro-social behavior
Open accessAbstract
This paper reports an experiment examining the effect of social norms on pro-social behavior. We test two predictions derived from work in psychology regarding the influence of norms. The first is a "focusing" influence, whereby norms only impact behavior when an individual's attention is drawn to them; and the second is an "informational" influence, whereby a norm exerts a stronger impact on an individual's behavior the more others he observes behaving consistently with that norm. We find support for both effects. Either thinking about or observing the behavior of others produces increased pro-social behavior - even when one expects or observes little pro-social behavior on the part of others - and the degree of pro-social behavior is increasing in the actual and expected pro-social behavior of others. This experiment eliminates strategic influences and thus demonstrates a direct effect of norms on behavior.
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Cites
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Cited by
Kimbrough, E. O., & Vostroknutov, A. (2016) · Journal of the European Economic Association · doi:10.1111/jeea.12152 · Cited by 373
Hansen, T., Sørensen, M. I., & Eriksen, M.-L. R. (2018) · Food Policy · doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.11.003 · Cited by 311
Keltner, D., Kogan, A., Piff, P. K., & Saturn, S. R. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115054 · Cited by 298
Benabou, R., & Tirole, J. (2011) · doi:10.3386/w17579 · Cited by 227
The Psychology of Environmental Decisions
Newell, B. R., McDonald, R. I., Brewer, M., & Hayes, B. K. (2014) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-010713-094623 · Cited by 122
Metadata
- Authors
- Krupka, E., & Weber, R. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Economic Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 307-320
- ISSN
- 0167-4870 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3121758612
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 76
- FWCI
- 16.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.