The Role of Nutrition in Brain Development: The Golden Opportunity of the “First 1000 Days”

Critical periods of vulnerability for the developing nervous system: evidence from humans and animal models.

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Child development: risk factors for adverse outcomes in developing countries

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How the Timing and Quality of Early Experiences Influence the Development of Brain Architecture

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Long-lasting neural and behavioral effects of iron deficiency in infancy

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Multiple Parallel Memory Systems in the Brain of the Rat

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Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal omega 3 fatty acid deficiency on retina and brain in rhesus monkeys.

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Critical periods in speech perception: New directions

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Dietary omega 3 fatty acids and the developing brain

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Balancing Plasticity/Stability Across Brain Development

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Promoting food security for all children

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Advocacy for Improving Nutrition in the First 1000 Days to Support Childhood Development and Adult Health

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Dysmaturation of Premature Brain: Importance, Cellular Mechanisms, and Potential Interventions

Volpe, J. J. (2019) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.02.016 · Cited by 390

Nutritional influences on brain development

Georgieff, M., Ramel, S. E., & Cusick, S. E. (2018) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.14287 · Cited by 323

Macronutrient balance and micronutrient amounts through growth and development

Savarino, G., Corsello, A., & Corsello, G. (2021) · The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s13052-021-01061-0 · Cited by 301

Defining the Neurologic Consequences of Preterm Birth

Inder, T. E., Volpe, J. J., & Anderson, P. J. (2023) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra2303347 · Cited by 266

Nutrition and cognitive health: A life course approach

Puri, S., Shaheen, M., & Grover, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1023907 · Cited by 276

The Effects of Nutritional Interventions on the Cognitive Development of Preschool-Age Children: A Systematic Review

Roberts, M., Tolar-Peterson, T., Reynolds, A., Wall, C., Reeder, N., & Méndez, G. R. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14030532 · Cited by 272

Maternal Multivitamin Intake, Plasma Folate and Vitamin B 12 Levels and Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk in Offspring

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The Role of Iron in Brain Development: A Systematic Review

McCann, S., Amadó, M. P., & Moore, S. E. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12072001 · Cited by 227

Necrotizing enterocolitis: It’s not all in the gut

Meister, A. L., Doheny, K. K., & Travagli, R. A. (2019) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1535370219891971 · Cited by 226

The Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy and Childhood

Georgieff, M., Krebs, N. F., & Cusick, S. E. (2019) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124213 · Cited by 215

Nutritional Support of Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Function in Infants and Young Children—An Update and Novel Insights

Kadosh, K. C., Muhardi, L., Parikh, P., Basso, M., Mohamed, H. J. J., Prawitasari, T., Samuel, F. O., Ma, G., & Geurts, J. M. W. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010199 · Cited by 206

Choline, Neurological Development and Brain Function: A Systematic Review Focusing on the First 1000 Days

Derbyshire, E. J., & Obeid, R. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12061731 · Cited by 185

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants Fed Human Milk

Lechner, B. E., & Vohr, B. R. (2016) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.004 · Cited by 184

Priming for Life: Early Life Nutrition and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

Ratsika, A., Codagnone, M. G., O’Mahony, S. M., Stanton, C., & Cryan, J. F. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020423 · Cited by 194

Complementary feeding of infants and young children 6 to 23 months of age

Lutter, C. K., Grummer‐Strawn, L. M., & Rogers, L. (2021) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaa143 · Cited by 173

Brain Fuel Utilization in the Developing Brain

Steiner, P. (2019) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000508054 · Cited by 164

The Influence of Early Nutrition on Brain Growth and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Babies: A Narrative Review

Cormack, B. E., Harding, J. E., Miller, S. P., & Bloomfield, F. H. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11092029 · Cited by 158

Iron Nutriture of the Fetus, Neonate, Infant, and Child

Cerami, C. (2017) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000481447 · Cited by 152

The influence of screen time on children’s language development: A scoping review

Karani, N. F., Sher, J., & Mophosho, M. (2022) · South African Journal of Communication Disorders · doi:10.4102/sajcd.v69i1.825 · Cited by 123

Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dietary Supplements Consumed During Pregnancy and Lactation and Child Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review

Nevins, J. E. H., Donovan, S. M., Snetselaar, L., Dewey, K. G., Novotny, R., Stang, J. L., Taveras, E. M., Kleinman, R. E., Bailey, R. L., Raghavan, R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxab238 · Cited by 123

Micronutrients and Brain Development

Mattei, D., & Pietrobelli, A. (2019) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-019-0268-z · Cited by 117

Bioactive Components of Human Milk and Their Impact on Child’s Health and Development, Literature Review

Szyller, H. P., Antosz, K., Batko, J., Mytych, A., Dziedziak, M., Wrześniewska, M., Braksator, J., & Pytrus, T. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16101487 · Cited by 110

Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, and Sleep Hygiene (HEPAS) as the Winning Triad for Sustaining Physical and Mental Health in Patients at Risk for or with Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Considerations for Clinical Practice

Briguglio, M., Vitale, J. A., Galentino, R., Banfi, G., Dina, C. Z., Bona, A. R., Panzica, G., Porta, M., Dell’Osso, B. M., & Glick, I. D. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s229206 · Cited by 118

Supporting Child Development Through Parenting Interventions in Low- to Middle-Income Countries: An Updated Systematic Review

Zhang, L., Ssewanyana, D., Martin, M., Lye, S. J., Moran, G., Abubakar, A. A., Marfo, K., Marangu, J., Proulx, K., & Malti, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.671988 · Cited by 124

Nourishing the Mind: How Food Security Influences Mental Wellbeing

Ejiohuo, O., Onyeaka, H. N., Unegbu, K. C., CHIKEZIE, O. C. O., Odeyemi, O. A., Lawal, A., & Odeyemi, O. A. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16040501 · Cited by 114

Iron and Cognitive Development: What Is the Evidence?

Larson, L. M., Phiri, K. S., & Pasricha, S. (2017) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000480742 · Cited by 95

Neurodevelopmental outcomes following necrotizing enterocolitis

Hickey, M. K., Georgieff, M., & Ramel, S. E. (2018) · Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.siny.2018.08.005 · Cited by 93

Gut-Brain Axis in the Early Postnatal Years of Life: A Developmental Perspective

Jena, A., Montoya, C. A., Mullaney, J. A., Dilger, R. N., Young, W., McNabb, W. C., & Roy, N. C. (2020) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2020.00044 · Cited by 98

Natural and Manmade Disasters: Vulnerable Populations

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Breastfeeding: The Multifaceted Impact on Child Development and Maternal Well-Being

Purkiewicz, A., Regin, K. J., Mumtaz, W., & Pietrzak-Fiećko, R. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17081326 · Cited by 77

Prenatal Mercury Exposure and Neurodevelopment up to the Age of 5 Years: A Systematic Review

Dack, K., Fell, M. J., Taylor, C. M., Havdahl, A., & Lewis, S. J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19041976 · Cited by 82

Neurodevelopment: The Impact of Nutrition and Inflammation During Infancy in Low-Resource Settings

Krebs, N. F., Lozoff, B., & Georgieff, M. (2017) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-2828g · Cited by 77

Global Concerns with B Vitamin Statuses: Biofortification, Fortification, Hidden Hunger, Interactions, and Toxicity

Titcomb, T. J., & Tanumihardjo, S. A. (2019) · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12491 · Cited by 77

The Effects of Early-Life Iron Deficiency on Brain Energy Metabolism

Bastian, T. W., Rao, R., Tran, P. V., & Georgieff, M. (2020) · Neuroscience Insights · doi:10.1177/2633105520935104 · Cited by 79

Maternal perinatal mental health and infant and toddler neurodevelopment - Evidence from low and middle-income countries. A systematic review

Burger, M., Hoosain, M., Einspieler, C., Unger, M., & Niehaus, D. J. H. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.023 · Cited by 78

The impact of maternal depression, anxiety, and stress on early neurodevelopment in boys and girls

Zhang, T., Luo, Z., Ji, Y., Chen, Y., Ma, R., Fan, P., Tang, N., Li, J., Tian, Y., Zhang, J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.030 · Cited by 73

The Importance of Iron Status for Young Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review

Armitage, A. E., & Moretti, D. (2019) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph12020059 · Cited by 76

Maternal diet quality during pregnancy and child cognition and behavior in a US cohort

Mahmassani, H. A., Switkowski, K. M., Scott, T. M., Johnson, E. J., Rifas‐Shiman, S. L., Oken, E., & Jacques, P. F. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab325 · Cited by 74

Breast Milk Micronutrients and Infant Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Lockyer, F., McCann, S., & Moore, S. E. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113848 · Cited by 74

Autism Spectrum Disorder from the Womb to Adulthood: Suggestions for a Paradigm Shift

Panisi, C., Guerini, F. R., Abruzzo, P. M., Balzola, F. A., Biava, P. M., Bolotta, A., Brunero, M., Burgio, E., Chiara, A., Clerici, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm11020070 · Cited by 73

Socio-cultural beliefs influence feeding practices of mothers and their children in Grand Popo, Benin

Lokossou, Y. U. A., Tambe, A. B., Azandjèmé, C., & Mbhenyane, X. G. (2021) · Journal of Health Population and Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s41043-021-00258-7 · Cited by 66

Current Perspective of Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk: Implications for Brain and Gut Health of Newborns

Hobbs, M., Jahan, M., Ghorashi, S. A., & Wang, B. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10020473 · Cited by 64

Intrauterine Growth Restriction: New Insight from the Metabolomic Approach

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Socio-Economic Inequalities in Child Stunting Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa

Baye, K., Laillou, A., & Chitweke, S. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12010253 · Cited by 62

Quality of Life and a Surveillant Endocannabinoid System

Reis, R. A. D. M., Isaac, A. R., Freitas, H. R., de Almeida, M. M., Schuck, P. F., Ferreira, G. C., Andrade‐da‐Costa, B. L. D. S., & Trevenzoli, I. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.747229 · Cited by 63

Healthy lifestyles and noncommunicable diseases: Nutrition, the life‐course, and health promotion

Cerf, M. E. (2021) · Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1002/lim2.31 · Cited by 57

Improving Anemia Assessment in Clinical and Public Health Settings

Williams, A. M., Brown, K. H., Allen, L. H., Dary, O., Moorthy, D., & Suchdev, P. S. (2023) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.032 · Cited by 57

Influences of early child nutritional status and home learning environment on child development in Vietnam

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Psychosocial Well-Being of Individuals

Kumar, C. (2020) · Encyclopedia of the UN sustainable development goals · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95870-5_45 · Cited by 56

The Determinants of Food Insecurity Among Hispanic/Latinx Households With Young Children: A Narrative Review

Varela, E., McVay, M. A., Shelnutt, K. P., & Mobley, A. R. (2022) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2022.12.001 · Cited by 54

Impact of an integrated nutrition, health, water sanitation and hygiene, psychosocial care and support intervention package delivered during the pre- and peri-conception period and/or during pregnancy and early childhood on linear growth of infants in the first two years of life, birth outcomes and nutritional status of mothers: study protocol of a factorial, individually randomized controlled trial in India

on behalf of the Women and Infants Integrated Growth Study (WINGS) Group, Taneja, S., Chowdhury, R., Dhabhai, N., Mazumder, S., Upadhyay, R. P., Sharma, S., Dewan, R., Mittal, P., Chellani, H. K., et al. (2020) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-020-4059-z · Cited by 53

Father involvement, maternal depression and child nutritional outcomes in Soweto, South Africa

Drysdale, R. E., Slemming, W., Makusha, T., & Richter, L. (2021) · Maternal and Child Nutrition · doi:10.1111/mcn.13177 · Cited by 53

Effects of Nutritional Interventions during Pregnancy on Infant and Child Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Taylor, R., Fealy, S. M., Bisquera, A., Smith, R., Collins, C. E., Evans, T., & Hure, A. J. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9111265 · Cited by 53

Maternal depression is associated with child undernutrition: A cross‐sectional study in Ethiopia

Anato, A., Baye, K., Tafese, Z., & Stoecker, B. J. (2019) · Maternal and Child Nutrition · doi:10.1111/mcn.12934 · Cited by 52

Critical and Sensitive Periods in Development and Nutrition

Colombo, J. A., Gustafson, K. M., & Carlson, S. E. (2019) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000508053 · Cited by 57

Hambatan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Pada Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan

Asnidawati, A., & Ramdhan, S. (2021) · JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN SANDI HUSADA · doi:10.35816/jiskh.v10i1.548 · Cited by 51

UNITY: A low-field magnetic resonance neuroimaging initiative to characterize neurodevelopment in low and middle-income settings

Abate, F., Adu-Amankwah, A., Ae-Ngibise, K. A., Agbokey, F., Agyemang, V., Agyemang, C., Akgun, C., Ametepe, J. M., Arichi, T., Asante, K. P., et al. (2024) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101397 · Cited by 54

Diet-induced hypothalamic dysfunction and metabolic disease, and the therapeutic potential of polyphenols

Samodien, E., Johnson, R., Pheiffer, C., Mabasa, L., Erasmus, M., Louw, J., & Chellan, N. (2019) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2019.06.022 · Cited by 51

Prenatal exposure to glufosinate ammonium disturbs gut microbiome and induces behavioral abnormalities in mice

Dong, T., Guan, Q., Hu, W., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Chen, M., Wang, X., & Xia, Y. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122152 · Cited by 51

A systematic review and meta-analysis of breastfeeding and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infant

Zhang, R., Ying, E., Wu, X., Qin, H., Guo, Y., Guo, X., Yu, Z., & Chen, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1401250 · Cited by 50

Women’s health: optimal nutrition throughout the lifecycle

Feskens, E. J. M., Bailey, R. L., Bhutta, Z. A., Biesalski, H. K., Eicher‐Miller, H. A., Krämer, K., Pan, W., & Griffiths, J. C. (2022) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-022-02915-x · Cited by 49

Impacts of improved biomass cookstoves on child and adult health: Experimental evidence from rural Ethiopia

LaFave, D., Beyene, A. D., BLUFFSTONE, R. A., Dissanayake, S. T. M., Gebreegziabher, Z., Mekonnen, A., & Toman, M. (2021) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105332 · Cited by 50

Early protein intake predicts functional connectivity and neurocognition in preterm born children

Duerden, E. G., Thompson, B. S., Poppe, T., Alsweiler, J. M., Gamble, G. D., Jiang, Y., Leung, M., Tottman, A. C., Wouldes, T. A., Miller, S. P., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83125-z · Cited by 48

Early nutrition and gut microbiome: interrelationship between bacterial metabolism, immune system, brain structure, and neurodevelopment

Cerdó, T., Diéguez, E., & Campoy, C. (2019) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00188.2019 · Cited by 48

Effect of probiotic supplementation on cognitive function in children and adolescents: a systematic review of randomised trials

Rianda, D., Agustina, R., Setiawan, E. A., & Manikam, N. R. M. (2019) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2019.0068 · Cited by 49

Iron as a model nutrient for understanding the nutritional origins of neuropsychiatric disease

Barks, A. K., Hall, A. M., Tran, P. V., & Georgieff, M. (2018) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-018-0204-8 · Cited by 48

NICU Diet, Physical Growth and Nutrient Accretion, and Preterm Infant Brain Development

Belfort, M. B., & Ramel, S. E. (2019) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.20-7-e385 · Cited by 47

Childhood obesity and adverse cardiometabolic risk in large for gestational age infants and potential early preventive strategies: a narrative review

Viswanathan, S. K., McNelis, K., Makker, K., Calhoun, D. A., Woo, J. G., & Balagopal, B. (2021) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-021-01904-w · Cited by 47

Neurodevelopmental delay up to the age of 4 years in infants born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

Saito, Y., Kobayashi, S., Ito, S., Miyashita, C., Umazume, T., Cho, K., Watari, H., Ito, Y., Saijo, Y., Kishi, R., et al. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.13907 · Cited by 49

Impact of Zinc Transport Mechanisms on Embryonic and Brain Development

Willekens, J., & Runnels, L. W. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14122526 · Cited by 45

Early Child Development Outcomes of a Randomized Trial Providing 1 Egg Per Day to Children Age 6 to 15 Months in Malawi

Prado, E. L., Maleta, K. M., Caswell, B., George, M., Oakes, L. M., DeBolt, M. C., Bragg, M. G., Arnold, C. D., Iannotti, L. L., Lutter, C. K., et al. (2020) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa088 · Cited by 42

Nutrition and growth in children

Matonti, L., Blasetti, A., & Chiarelli, F. (2021) · Minerva Pediatrics · doi:10.23736/s0026-4946.20.05981-2 · Cited by 44

Associations of Nutritional Status with Full Immunization Coverage and Safe Hygiene Practices among Thai Children Aged 12–59 Months

Shinsugi, C., & Mizumoto, A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14010034 · Cited by 42

Dietary Quality and Dietary Inflammatory Potential During Pregnancy and Offspring Emotional and Behavioral Symptoms in Childhood: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis of Four European Cohorts

Polańska, K., Kałużny, P., Aubert, A. M., Bernard, J. Y., Duijts, L., Marroun, H. E., Hanke, W., Hébert, J. R., Heude, B., Jankowska, A., et al. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.10.008 · Cited by 43

Does economic growth reduce childhood stunting? A multicountry analysis of 89 Demographic and Health Surveys in sub-Saharan Africa

Yaya, S., Uthman, O. A., Kunnuji, M. O. N., Navaneetham, K., Akinyemi, J. O., Kananura, R. M., Adjiwanou, V., Adetokunboh, O., & Bishwajit, G. (2020) · BMJ Global Health · doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002042 · Cited by 40

Reorienting Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya: A Review

Shumba, C. S., Kimani, R. W., Shaibu, S., Mbuthia, G., Maina, R., Mbugua, S., Shah, S., Ndirangu, E. W., Abubakar, A. A., & Luchters, S. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17197028 · Cited by 41

Nutrients for executive function development and related brain connectivity in school-aged children

Costello, S. E., Geiser, E., & Schneider, N. (2020) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaa134 · Cited by 45

Stunting and Underweight, but not Wasting are Associated with Delay in Child Development in Southwest Ethiopia

Oumer, A., Girum, T., Fikre, Z., Bedewi, J., Nuriye, K., & Assefa, K. (2022) · Pediatric Health Medicine and Therapeutics · doi:10.2147/phmt.s344715 · Cited by 40

Pre-conceptional Maternal Vitamin B12 Supplementation Improves Offspring Neurodevelopment at 2 Years of Age: PRIYA Trial

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Rapid growth is a dominant predictor of hepcidin suppression and declining ferritin in Gambian infants

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The Interaction between Psychological Stress and Iron Status on Early-Life Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Reid, B. M., & Georgieff, M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15173798 · Cited by 38

National plans and awareness campaigns as priorities for achieving global brain health

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