The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 36 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Factors associated with recovery from anorexia nervosa
Open accessAbstract
Previous studies of prognostic factors of anorexia nervosa (AN) course and recovery have followed clinical populations after treatment discharge. This retrospective study examined the association between prognostic factors--eating disorder features, personality traits, and psychiatric comorbidity--and likelihood of recovery in a large sample of women with AN participating in a multi-site genetic study. The study included 680 women with AN. Recovery was defined as the offset of AN symptoms if the participant experienced at least one year without any eating disorder symptoms of low weight, dieting, binge eating, and inappropriate compensatory behaviors. Participants completed a structured interview about eating disorders features, psychiatric comorbidity, and self-report measures of personality. Survival analysis was applied to model time to recovery from AN. Cox regression models were used to fit associations between predictors and the probability of recovery. In the final model, likelihood of recovery was significantly predicted by the following prognostic factors: vomiting, impulsivity, and trait anxiety. Self-induced vomiting and greater trait anxiety were negative prognostic factors and predicted lower likelihood of recovery. Greater impulsivity was a positive prognostic factor and predicted greater likelihood of recovery. There was a significant interaction between impulsivity and time; the association between impulsivity and likelihood of recovery decreased as duration of AN increased. The anxiolytic function of some AN behaviors may impede recovery for individuals with greater trait anxiety.
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Claims the paper makes
25 Not checked yet · 16 Own result · 12 Own method · 11 Own interpretation
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants had a significantly higher probability of recovery when they also endorsed more impulsivity at the onset of eating disorder (hazard ratio = 1.07; 7% higher hazard)”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 4: Combined Model
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the 680 women with AN, 123 (18.1%) met the study criterion for recovery, defined as 12 months symptom free.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Sample Characteristics
plainn = 123- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Participants did not have a period of recovery (12 months without symptoms of anorexia nervosa) and relapse back to anorexia nervosa prior to the recovery event captured by the measures.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In Model 1, participants had a lower probability of recovery (hazard ratio = 0.37; 63% lower hazard) if they endorsed vomiting.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 1: Eating Disorder Features
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At eating disorder onset, participants had a significantly higher probability of recovery when they endorsed more impulsivity (hazard ratio = 1.05; 5% higher hazard).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 2: Personality Traits
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were no other significant prognostic factors.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 1: Eating Disorder Features
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Axis I and Axis II measures were not significant in this combined model.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 4: Combined Model
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Participants were able to report the temporality of their psychiatric diagnoses accurately.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, at years 2, 5, and 10, the hazard ratios declined to 0.99, 0.89, and 0.74.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 2: Personality Traits
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the significant interaction between impulsivity and time indicated that the association between impulsivity and recovery decreased significantly over time (time interaction coefficient = −0.036).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 2: Personality Traits
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and the association between impulsivity and recovery attenuated significantly over time (time interaction coefficient = −0.035).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 4: Combined Model
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, participants had a lower probability of recovery (hazard ratio = 0.94; 6% lower hazard) when they endorsed more trait anxiety.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Model 2: Personality Traits
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 12
- Probably not a substantial claim. 21
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, age of onset, laxative abuse, fasting, excessive exercise, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, persistence, concern over mistakes, and the presence of comorbid OCD, MDD, alcohol and substance abuse or dependence, PTSD, and borderline personality disorder were not significant predictors.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Participants were able to report the temporality of their psychiatric diagnoses accurately.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Similarly the percentage of participants in recovery from AN in the current study was unusually low (18.4%) compared with estimates of 20–50% in other studies (Herzog et al., 1999b, Strober et al., 1997, Clausen, 2004).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Recovery from AN
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the participants who were recovered, the mean number of years since the last eating disorder symptom was 5.7 (SD = 5.6).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > RESULTS > Sample Characteristics
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Three models were pre-specified, with covariates grouped by domain: eating disorder features (Model 1), personality traits (Model 2), and psychiatric comorbidity (Model 3).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Statistical Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“All p-values in the final models 1–4 were adjusted by model according to the Benjamini-Hochberg method of false discovery rate (FDR) control.(Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995)”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Statistical Methods
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Only the presence of these behaviors was recorded not duration; thus, we were not able to include the duration of these compensatory behaviors as prognostic factors.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Increased severity from combined psychological disturbance could interfere with treatment and decrease the likelihood of recovery.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We hypothesize that these contradictory findings across studies may be due to differences in impulsivity assessment.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
hedgedconditional- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true.
In the paper
“However, the overall time to recovery was somewhat longer in this sample (8–9 years) compared with previous research, which reported the median length of illness to be 6.5 (79 months) years for full recovery (Strober et al., 1997).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Recovery from AN
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Strober et al., 1997 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Impulsivity in the present study was measured with the BIS, which may capture different psychological constructs.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“The BIS measures cognitive, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness and has been found to assess the degree of impulse control in women with eating disorders (Bulik et al., 1997b).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Measures
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Bulik et al., 1997b
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Also, the definition of fasting as 24 hours without eating may have led to a more conservative interpretation than a less stringent criterion such as missing two consecutive meals or eight waking hours without eating.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Strengths and Limitations
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Briefly, interviewers at each site completed a training program and all eating disorder diagnoses were confirmed by the principal investigator at each site after reviewing the SIAB. Second, the project coordinator of the data core reviewed every participant’s SIAB interview independently to confirm diagnoses (Kaye et al., 2000).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Measures
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kaye et al., 2000 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Because no consensus definition of AN recovery exists (Bardone-Cone et al., 2010, Hoek, 2006, Pike, 1998)”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Measures
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Impulsivity as measured by the BIS may be associated with recovery from AN because it tempers the rigidity and intractability often associated with AN and could encourage experimenting with healthier eating behaviors”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In addition, core features of AN—food restriction and exercise—are hypothesized to have an anxiolytic effect (Dellava et al., 2010, Kaye, 2008)”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
What the sources say
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We limited the prognostic factors examined in these analyses to groups less than ten covariates per model and to conditions that had been found to be associated with AN recovery in previous studies in an effort to reduce overfitting.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Statistical Methods
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, because some of the participants in the present study were also recruited from specialty centers yet recruitment source and treatment seeking were not directly measured, we were unable to assess treatment heterogeneity and examine treatment experience as a prognostic factor.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Strengths and Limitations
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In all cases, Axis I disorders were only coded as present if onset was before the participant experienced her last AN symptom to prohibit estimation of associations between Axis I disorders occurring after recovery and the likelihood of recovery.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Measures
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Others have reported a linear relationship between responses to the trait anxiety scale from the STAI and remission; an increase of one unit on the trait anxiety scale reduced the chance of remission from AN by a factor of 1.15 (Yackobovitch-Gavan et al., 2008).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Yackobovitch-Gavan et al., 2008
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the present definition of recovery did not include assessment of psychosocial functioning because none was available.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Strengths and Limitations
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Each model was evaluated for fit through residual analysis and a test for interaction with time for each covariate.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Statistical Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“No VIF exceeded 2.1, a value not deemed a strong indicator of multicollinearity.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Statistical Methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“these traits likely represent a pathway to AN in addition to decreasing the likelihood of recovery from the disorder.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“whereas Fichter et al.’s (2006) measure might more appropriately index sensation-seeking behaviors.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Third, the interquartile range for the interval between the onset of the disorder and the assessment interview ranged from 4 to 14 years, which is a significant length of time and could lead to incomplete or biased reporting.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Strengths and Limitations
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Why vomiting is a negative prognostic factor is unclear, but may be related to the higher levels of psychological disturbance seen in individuals with AN and purging.”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > DISCUSSION > Prognostic Factors
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Keel et al., 2004 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The concern over mistakes scale measures the tendency to associate mistakes with a loss of respect and failure (Frost et al., 1990) and has been found to be uniquely elevated in AN compared to other psychiatric disorders (Bulik et al., 2003).”
§ Factors Associated With Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa > METHOD > Measures
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The authors state this as an assumption.
Participants were able to report the temporality of their psychiatric diagnoses accurately.
“These analyses also assume that participants were able to report temporality of their psychiatric diagnoses accurately.”
The authors state this as an assumption.
Participants did not have a period of recovery (12 months without symptoms of anorexia nervosa) and relapse back to anorexia nervosa prior to the recovery event captured by the measures.
“our analyses assume that participants did not have a period of recovery (12 months without symptoms of AN) and relapse back to AN prior to the recovery event captured by our measures.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Temperament and personality traits are stable and not substantially affected by the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition.
“although a convincing theoretical argument could be made that temperament and personality are stable, it is possible that women with AN might respond differently to these assessments when experiencing the emotional and cognitive stress of extreme dietary restriction and malnutrition than they would when fully weight-restored during recovery”
Claims other papers make about this one
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The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A transdiagnostic factor that is involved in the development, maintenance of, and is predictive for the course and treatment outcomes of anorexia nervosa is anxiety [10–20].”
From Anxiety matters: a pilot lab study into food, weight, and virtual body exposure in anorexia nervosa (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“and predicts a lower likelihood of anorexia nervosa recovery,3”
From Neural correlates of a mindfulness-based intervention in anorexia nervosa (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Citations
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Regression Diagnostics -- Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity
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A psychobiological model of temperament and character
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The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
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The dimensions of perfectionism
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zerwas, S., Lund, B. C., Von Holle, A., Thornton, L. M., Berrettini, W. H., Brandt, H., Crawford, S., Fichter, M. M., Halmi, K. A., Johnson, C., Kaplan, A. S., La Via, M., Mitchell, J., Rotondo, A., Strober, M., Woodside, D. B., Kaye, W. H., & Bulik, C. M.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Sheppard Pratt Health System (US)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- University Health Network (CA)
- University of North Dakota (US)
- University of Pisa (IT)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zerwas, Stephanie
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 972-979
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3682792
- OpenAlex
- W2019515004
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 11.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (MH66117, UL1RR025747, K12-HD01441)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- anorexia nervosa, recovery, prognostic factors, self-induced vomiting, impulsivity, trait anxiety, psychiatric comorbidity, personality traits, disease duration, women
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anorexia Nervosa, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, International Cooperation, Middle Aged, Personality, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Comorbidity, Survival Analysis, Recovery of Function, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-09-28, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-09-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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