Cited by 319Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPediatric Pain Management TechniquesPain Management and Treatment

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Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the German version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale

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Meyer, Kathrin, Sprott, Haiko, Mannion, Anne Frances·2008·Journal of Psychosomatic Research

DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.12.004

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Abstract

Objective In patients with chronic pain, catastrophizing is a significant determinant of self-rated pain intensity and disability. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) was developed to assist with both treatment planning and outcome assessment; to date, no German version has been validated.Methods A cross-cultural adaptation of the PCS into German was carried out, strictly according to recommended methods. A questionnaire booklet containing the PCS, visual analogue scales (numeric rating scale) for pain intensity and general health, the ZUNG self-rating depression scale, the Modified Somatic Perception Questionnaire (MSPQ), the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and the Roland-Morris (RM) disability questionnaire was completed by 111 patients with chronic low back pain (mean age, 49 years), 100 of which also completed it again 7 days later.Results Cronbach's alpha (internal reliability) for the three subsections of the PCS--helplessness, magnification, rumination--and for the whole questionnaire (PCSwhole) were .89, .67, .88, and .92, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients of agreement for the reproducibility were .81, .67, .78, and .80, respectively. The PCSwhole scores correlated with the other scores as follows: pain intensity r=.26, general health r=-.29, ZUNG r=.52, MSPQ r=.53, FABQactivity r=.51, FABQwork r=.61 and RM r=.57. Factor analysis revealed three factors, with an almost identical factor structure to that reported in previous studies.Conclusion The psychometric properties of our German version of the PCS were comparable to those reported in previous studies for the original English version. It represents a valuable tool in the assessment of German-speaking chronic low back pain patients.

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Additional file 4 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the German Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI-GE)
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Additional file 6 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753116
Additional file 1 of Smartphone-assisted training with education for patients with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (SmArt-E): study protocol for a multicentre pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Weber, F. P., Müller, C., Bahns, C., Kopkow, C., Färber, F., Gellert, P., Otte, I., Vollmar, H. C., Brannath, W., Diederich, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22621006
Additional file 10 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753128
Additional file 3 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the German Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI-GE)
Klute, M., Laekeman, M., Kuss, K., Petzke, F. W., Dieterich, A. V., Leha, A., Neblett, R., Ehrhardt, S., Ulma, J., & Schäfer, A. G. M. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15253863
Additional file 2 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the German Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI-GE)
Klute, M., Laekeman, M., Kuss, K., Petzke, F. W., Dieterich, A. V., Leha, A., Neblett, R., Ehrhardt, S., Ulma, J., & Schäfer, A. G. M. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15253857
Additional file 2 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26368519
Additional file 3 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753107
Additional file 1 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26367929
Additional file 2 of Smartphone-assisted training with education for patients with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (SmArt-E): study protocol for a multicentre pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Weber, F. P., Müller, C., Bahns, C., Kopkow, C., Färber, F., Gellert, P., Otte, I., Vollmar, H. C., Brannath, W., Diederich, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22621009
Additional file 5 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753113
Additional file 4 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753110
Additional file 1 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the German Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI-GE)
Klute, M., Laekeman, M., Kuss, K., Petzke, F. W., Dieterich, A. V., Leha, A., Neblett, R., Ehrhardt, S., Ulma, J., & Schäfer, A. G. M. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15253851
Additional file 8 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753122
Additional file 7 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753119
Additional file 1 of Development of the Hausa version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation in mixed urban and rural patients with chronic low back pain
Ibrahim, A. A., Akindele, M. O., Kaka, B., & Mukhtar, N. B. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13725302
Additional file 9 of Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis
Kromer, T. O., Kohl, M., & Bastiaenen, C. H. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26753125
Long-term examination of pain and health-related outcomes in people with fibromyalgia before, during, and after COVID-19
Mosch, B., & Diers, M. (2025) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000001380
Emotion Regulation in Chronic Pain Is Impaired When Pain Is High: Results From a Large Ambulatory Assessment Study
Mema, C., Glombiewski, J. A., Milde, C., Basten, U., Karbach, J., Könen, T., Lischetzke, T., & Schemer, L. (2026) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.70204 · Cited by 2

Authors: Meyer, K., Sprott, H., & Mannion, A. F.
Affiliations: University Hospital Zurich (CH)
Schulthess-Klinik (CH)
Corresponding author: Meyer, Kathrin
ORCID: Sprott, Haiko
Mannion, Anne Frances
Venue: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-05
Volume: 64
Issue: 5
Pages: 469-478
ISSN: 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.12.004
OpenAlex: W2117529812
Cited by: 319
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 4.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.zora.uzh.ch
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
Keywords: Pain Catastrophizing Scale, pain catastrophizing, chronic low back pain, cross-cultural adaptation, German version, psychometric validation, reliability statistics, validity, helplessness, pain magnification, rumination, fear-avoidance beliefs, depression, disability
MeSH terms: Acculturation, Adaptation, Psychological, Chronic Disease, Culture, Germany, Humans, Language, Pain, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results

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Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the German version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale

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