Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity, sleep duration, and risk of all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study of 282,473 U. S. Adults
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Abstract
PURPOSE: To examine the joint associations between meeting guidelines for physical activity (PA) and sleep duration and all-cause mortality risk among adults. METHODS: Participants were adults (n = 282,473) aged 18-84 years who participated in the 2004-2014 U.S. National Health Interview Survey. Mortality status was ascertained using the National Death Index through December 2015. Self-reported PA (Active: meeting both aerobic (AER) and muscle-strengthening (MSA) guidelines, AER only (AER), MSA only (MSA), or not meeting either AER or MSA (Inactive)) and sleep duration (Short, recommended (Rec), or Long) were classified according to guidelines, and 12 PA-sleep categories were derived. Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for all-cause mortality risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS: A total of 282,473 participants (55% females) were included; 18,793 deaths (6.7%) occurred over an average follow-up of 5.4 years. Relative to the Active-Rec group, all other PA-sleep groups were associated with increased mortality risk except for the Active-Short group (hazard ratio = 1.08; 95%CI: 0.92-1.26). The combination of long sleep with either MSA or Inactive appeared to be synergistic. For a given sleep duration, mortality risk progressively increased among participants classified as AER, MSA, and Inactive. Within each activity level, the mortality risk was greatest among adults with long sleep. CONCLUSION: Relative to adults meeting guidelines for both PA and sleep duration, adults who failed to meet guidelines for both AER and muscle strengthening PA and who also failed to meet sleep duration guidelines had elevated all-cause mortality risks. These results support interventions targeting both PA and sleep duration to reduce mortality risk.
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Evidence on the combined effects of physical activity and sleep duration on mortality risk has been inconclusive.
“Evidence on the combined effects of PA and sleep duration on mortality risk has been inconclusive.7,8,9,10”
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- Authors
- Duncan, M. J., Oftedal, S., Kline, C. E., Plotnikoff, R. C., & Holliday, E. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Duncan, Mitch J.
- Venue
- Journal of Sport and Health Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 65-72
- ISSN
- 2213-2961 (ISSN-L)
- 2095-2546
- PMC
- PMC9923431
- OpenAlex
- W4286268435
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 3.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- aerobic physical activity, sleep duration, all-cause mortality, physical activity guidelines, long sleep, physical inactivity, synergistic risk, health promotion interventions
- MeSH terms
- Sleep Duration, Adult, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Muscles, Prospective Studies, Exercise
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