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Cited by 311Abdominal vascular conditions and treatmentsPeripheral Artery Disease ManagementGastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment

Mesenteric revascularization: management and outcomes in the United States, 1988-2006

Open access
Schermerhorn, Marc L., Giles, Kristina A., Hamdan, Allen D., Wyers, Mark C., Pomposelli, Frank B.·2009·Journal of Vascular Surgery
DOI 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.03.004PMC PMC2716426
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Abstract

Background Recent reports have suggested that angioplasty, with and without stenting (PTA/S), may have a lower perioperative mortality rate than open surgery for revascularization of acute (AMI) and chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). It is unclear if there has been nationwide adoption of this methodology or whether there is actually a mortality benefit.Methods We identified all patients undergoing surgical (bypass, endarterectomy, or embolectomy) or PTA/S mesenteric revascularization from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1988 to 2006. A diagnosis by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revisioncoding of AMI or CMI was required for inclusion. We evaluated trends in management during this period and compared in-hospital death and complications between surgical bypass and PTA/S for the years 2000 to 2006.Results From 1988 to 2006, there were 6342 PTA/S and 16,071 open surgical repairs overall. PTA/S increased steadily, surpassing all surgery for CMI in 2002. PTA/S for AMI has also increased and surpassed bypass in 2002 but has not surpassed all surgical procedures for AMI even in 2006. The mortality rate was lower after PTA/S than after bypass for CMI (3.7% vs 13%, P < .01) and AMI (16% vs 28%, P < .01). Bowel resection was more common after bypass than PTA/S for CMI (7% vs 3%, P < .01). This subgroup showed an increased in-hospital mortality rate for both repair types (54% and 25%, respectively).Conclusion PTA/S is being used with increasing frequency for revascularization of CMI and AMI. The lower in-hospital mortality rate for patients, as they are currently being selected, shows that PTA/S is appropriate therapy for selected patients with CMI. Longitudinal data are needed to determine the durability of this benefit. The greater proportion of patients undergoing bowel resection with bypass for AMI suggests a more advanced level of ischemia in this group, making comparison with PTA/S difficult. However, PTA/S may be useful in selected patients with AMI and appropriate anatomy. Further data with greater detail regarding symptomatology and anatomy will clarify appropriate patient selection.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.03.004

Cites

24 of 24 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 30 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingown data

    AMI revascularization patients were typically older women with multiple comorbidities.

    “Patients undergoing revascularization for AMI also tended to be older women with multiple comorbidities.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Findingown data

    In-hospital mortality after mesenteric revascularization was lower for PTA/S than bypass for AMI (16% vs 28%, P<0.01).

    “Mortality was lower after PTA/S than bypass for both CMI (3.7% vs 13%, P<0.01) and AMI (16% vs 28%, P<0.01).”
    • Also stated in: § AMI 2000–2006 · plain
      “When limiting the comparison of PTA/S to bypass, mortality was still significantly lower with PTA/S (P <.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    For CMI, median hospital stay was shorter with PTA/S than bypass (5 vs 11 days, P<0.001).

    “Length of stay was shorter after PTA/S than bypass (Median (range) 5 (0–94) vs 11 (1–135) days, P <.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    In CMI multivariate analysis, bypass carried a 5- to 6-fold higher mortality risk than PTA/S.

    “On multivariate analysis, mortality was still 5 to 6-fold higher with bypass compared to PTA/S (Table IV).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    For CMI, bowel resection occurred more often with bypass than with PTA/S (7% vs 3%, P<0.01).

    “Bowel resection was more common after bypass than PTA/S for CMI (7% vs 3%, P<0.01)”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • May combine two claims. 33
  • The quote only partly states this claim. 1
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 8

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    CMI revascularization patients were generally older women with multiple comorbidities.

    “For CMI, from 2000–2006, patients undergoing revascularization in general were older women with multiple comorbidities.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Between 2000 and 2006, most AMI patients underwent open surgery (64.5%) rather than PTA/S (35.5%), while CMI patients more often underwent PTA/S (61.9% vs 38.1%).

    “Between 2000–2006, the majority of patients diagnosed with AMI underwent open surgery (64.5%) versus PTA/S (35.5%), while patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia more often were treated with PTA/S (61.9% vs 38.1%).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims. The quote only partly states this claim.

    Findingown data

    For CMI, CHF and atrial fibrillation/flutter each more than doubled mortality risk.

    “Comorbidities that were predictive of mortality included congestive heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation/flutter with a greater than 2-fold increased risk for both.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Mortality for both CMI and AMI declined over the study period (trend P<0.001).

    “Over time, there was an overall decrease in mortality for both CMI and AMI (Test of trend, P <.001) (Figure 3 and 4).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    For AMI, mortality was highest for embolectomy at 49%, 28% for bypass, and 35% for endarterectomy.

    “Mortality was highest for embolectomy at 49% and was 28% for bypass and 35% for endarterectomy.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    For AMI, PTA/S use rose and exceeded bypass by 2002, yet open surgery as a whole remained more common through 2006.

    “PTA/S for AMI has also increased and surpassed bypass in 2002 but has not surpassed all surgical procedures for AMI even in 2006.”
    • Also stated in: § OVERALL · plain
      “For AMI, PTA/S has surpassed bypass and embolectomy individually, but surgical revascularization in general remains the predominant treatment.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Among CMI patients undergoing bowel resection, in-hospital mortality was higher than in those without bowel resection for both PTA/S and bypass (PTA/S 25% vs 3.1%, bypass 54% vs 10%, P<0.001).

    “this subgroup showed an increased in-hospital mortality for both repair types (54% and 25%).”
    • Also stated in: § CMI 2000–2006 · plain
      “Mortality in those undergoing bowel resection was significantly increased for all patients regardless of revascularization method compared to those without a bowel operation (PTA/S 25% vs 3.1%, P <.001 and bypass 54% vs 10%, P <.001).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Overall morbidity was lower after PTA/S than bypass for CMI (20% vs 38%, P<0.001), with significant differences in cardiac and respiratory complications.

    “Overall morbidity was also lower after PTA/S compared to bypass (20% vs. 38%, P <.001) with significant differences in cardiac and respiratory complications (Table III).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    In AMI, bypass more than doubled mortality risk, and bowel resection increased it more than 3.5-fold.

    “Bypass was associated with a greater than 2-fold increased risk of mortality while the need for a bowel resection carried a greater than 3.5-fold increased risk.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Overall revascularization for CMI increased over time, whereas revascularization for AMI changed relatively little.

    “Overall revascularization for CMI has increased over time (Figure 1) while for AMI there has been relatively little change (Figure 2).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    In AMI, bypass was associated with greater overall morbidity than PTA/S, including more cardiac and respiratory complications.

    “For AMI, overall morbidity was higher after bypass compared to PTA/S (Table III). Specifically, cardiac and respiratory complications were again significantly higher.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    From 2000 onward, mortality for both CMI and AMI was lower than before 2000 (CMI 8% vs 15%; AMI 30% vs 49%; P<0.001).

    “After the year 2000, when endovascular therapy was more commonly utilized, the mortality after repair for either indication was significantly lower than prior to this time period (CMI 8% vs 15%, P <.001; AMI 30 % vs 49 %, P <.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    For AMI, PTA/S patients had more comorbidities than open-repair patients, including hypertension, PVD, CAD, AF/flutter, and chronic renal failure.

    “Those undergoing PTA/S for AMI also had higher rates of comorbidities compared to those undergoing open surgical repair including hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation/flutter, and chronic renal failure (Table I).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    PTA/S use for CMI increased over time, surpassing all surgery for CMI by 2002 and more than doubling it by 2005.

    “PTA/S increased steadily over time surpassing all surgery for CMI in 2002.”
    • Also stated in: § OVERALL · plain
      “PTA/S increased over time for both diagnoses and surpassed surgery for CMI by 2002 and more than doubled it by 2005.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    After adding comorbidities to the AMI model, bowel resection and AF/flutter remained significant mortality predictors.

    “With comorbidities included, the need for a bowel resection and atrial fibrillation/flutter were also significant predictors.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    In CMI from 2000-2006, PTA/S patients were older, more often male, and had more comorbidities than surgical patients.

    “However, those undergoing PTA/S were older, more likely male, and had higher rates of comorbidities (Table I).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingown data

    AF/flutter prevalence fell from a peak of 38% in 1994 to 24% in 2006.

    “Of note, the proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter decreased over time from a maximum or 38% in 1994 to 24% in 2006.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    In AMI multivariate analysis, age and bypass (vs PTA/S) predicted mortality.

    “Multivariate predictors of mortality for AMI included bypass vs PTA/S and age (Table IV).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    In AMI, open repair showed a nonsignificant trend toward lower male mortality (34% vs 41%, P=0.07), while PTA/S mortality was similar by gender (16% vs 15%, P=0.85).

    “There was a trend for males to have a lower mortality than females after open repair (34% vs 41%, P =.07), however mortality by gender was similar after PTA/S (16% vs 15%, P =.85).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    CMI surgery was mostly bypass (93%), with endarterectomy (4%) and embolectomy (3%) uncommon.

    “The surgical procedure performed for CMI was overwhelmingly bypass (93%) compared to endarterectomy (4%) or embolectomy (3%).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    For AMI, bowel resection during the admission raised mortality for both bypass (45% vs 17%) and PTA/S (29% vs 11%) (P<0.001).

    “Mortality was again increased for both groups when bowel resection was performed during the same admission (Bypass 45% vs 17%, P <.001; PTA/S 29% vs 11%, P <.001).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Among AMI surgical cases in 2000-2006, embolectomy accounted for 49%, bypass 44%, and endarterectomy 7%.

    “Surgical revascularization for AMI consisted of 49% embolectomy, 44% bypass, and 7% endarterectomy.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    Unmeasured variables besides bowel resection may have influenced whether bypass or PTA/S was chosen.

    “There may have been other factors in addition to the need for bowel resection that were unmeasured that impacted the decision to choose bypass rather than PTA/S.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductown data

    Administrative discharge databases like the NIS can contain coding errors.

    “However, discharge databases such as NIS are subject to coding errors.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

    Interpretationreasoning

    PTA/S should not eliminate the need to assess bowel viability.

    “However, PTA/S would not be expected to obviate the need to inspect bowel viability.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: For most AMI cases, bowel viability must be assessed and resection performed if needed.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductown data

    Repeat mesenteric procedures could not be identified in the data.

    “We also cannot identify patients undergoing repeat mesenteric procedures.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    Because bypass patients much more often required resection, the groups differ and the comparison likely favors PTA/S.

    “Given that resection was required in a much larger proportion of those undergoing bypass it is likely that the two cohorts are dissimilar and this biases the comparison in favor of PTA/S.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
    • The authors state this as an assumption: For AMI, bowel resection was assumed to indicate pre-existing ischemic extent rather than a revascularization complication.

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    More endovascular procedures may reflect repeats or incomplete workup, potentially biasing mortality toward PTA/S.

    “The increasing number of endovascular procedures may be reflective of either of these and bias mortality in favor of PTA/S.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductnone given

    CMI diagnosis is often challenging and may occur without full workup, especially before percutaneous treatment.

    “Additionally, the diagnosis of CMI is often a difficult one and may be made without a complete workup particularly when percutaneous therapy is attempted.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    This study's data more accurately represent the real risk of open CMI revascularization and show PTA/S's potential advantage.

    “Therefore, the numbers from the current study better reflect the true risk of open surgical revascularization and demonstrate the potential benefit of PTA/S.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductown data

    This was a retrospective analysis with obvious treatment-selection bias.

    “This is a retrospective study with clear selection bias in the choice of therapy.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    For AMI, the higher bowel-resection rate among bypass patients suggests more advanced ischemia in that group, complicating comparison with PTA/S.

    “The greater proportion of patients undergoing bowel resection with bypass for AMI suggests a more advanced level of ischemia in this group making comparison with PTA/S difficult.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
    • The authors state this as an assumption: For AMI, bowel resection was assumed to indicate pre-existing ischemic extent rather than a revascularization complication.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Smaller CMI PTA/S series have reported mortality sometimes similar to and sometimes lower than surgery.

    “There has been an increasing number of small reports of the use of angioplasty with or without stenting (PTA/S) for treatment of CMI with mortality rates similar to surgery in some reports and lower than surgery in others.12–17”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 6 sources checked
    • cites [12] Brown, 2005, Mesenteric stenting for chronic mesenteric ischemia, J Vasc Surg source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [13] Atkins, 2007, Surgical revascularization versus endovascular therapy for chronic mesenteric ischemia: a comparative experience, J Vasc Surg source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [14] Kasirajan, 2001, Chronic mesenteric ischemia: open surgery versus percutaneous angioplasty and stenting, J Vasc Surg source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [15] Kougias, 2007, Management of chronic mesenteric ischemia, J Endovasc Ther source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [16] Lee, 2008, Long-term outcomes of endoluminal therapy for chronic atherosclerotic occlusive mesenteric disease, Ann Vasc Surg source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [17] Sarac, 2008, Endovascular treatment of stenotic and occluded visceral arteries for chronic mesenteric ischemia, J Vasc Surg source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    A Mayo Clinic study reported more anticoagulation and fewer embolic strokes in AF patients from 1980 to 2000.

    “A recent study from the Mayo clinic found an increase in rates of anticoagulation and a decrease in embolic strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation between 1980–2000.24”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [24] Miyasaka, 2005, Time trends of ischemic stroke incidence and mortality in patients diagnosed with first atrial fibrillation in 1980 to 2000: report of a community-based study, Stroke source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premiseown data

    The NIS samples 20% of all-payer hospital stays and includes weights for stratified national estimates.

    “The database is a 20% all-payer sample of hospital stays and contains sampling weights to allow for stratified calculation of total population estimates.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductown data

    The day-of-operation field was rarely recorded and could not reliably clarify resection timing.

    “There is a variable for day of operation, but this was infrequently recorded and thus was an unreliable method to further clarify this.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    PTA/S is known to carry higher risks of restenosis and symptom recurrence.

    “Finally, it is well documented that PTA/S is associated with a greater risk of restenosis and recurrent symptoms.15”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [15] Kougias, 2007, Management of chronic mesenteric ischemia, J Endovasc Ther source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    That review also reported 28% restenosis at 2 years and 27% repeat PTA/S.

    “They found a 30-day mortality rate of 3%, and a restenosis rate of 28% at a mean follow up of 2 years with 27% undergoing repeat PTA/S.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [15] Kougias, 2007, Management of chronic mesenteric ischemia, J Endovasc Ther source

      Not checked in the free run.

38 of 38

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Whether PTA/S has been widely adopted nationally for CMI and AMI is not known.

    “The national adoption of PTA/S for CMI and AMI is largely unknown.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Whether PTA/S lowers short-term mortality relative to surgery remains uncertain.

    “Additionally, it is unclear if there is a short term mortality benefit with PTA/S compared to surgery.”

  • The authors state this as an assumption.

    For AMI, bowel resection was assumed to indicate pre-existing ischemic extent rather than a revascularization complication.

    “The need for a bowel resection was included as an independent predictor variable in analysis of AMI (but not CMI) since this was felt more likely to be a reflection of the pre-existing extent of ischemia at the time of revascularization rather than a complication of the revascularization procedure.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Most practitioners regard PTA/S as unsuitable for most embolic cases.

    “Since PTA/S is felt by most to be inappropriate treatment for most cases of embolism we focused on comparison of PTA/S with bypass.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    For most AMI cases, bowel viability must be assessed and resection performed if needed.

    “There is general agreement that in most cases of AMI there is a need to inspect the bowel viability and perform resection as needed.”
5 of 5

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • All studies have shown a benefit for endovascular therapy compared to open surgery in terms of lower bowel resection rates and lower 30-day mortality rates.

    “All studies have shown a benefit for endovascular therapy compared to open surgery in terms of lower bowel resection rates and lower 30-day mortality rates.”

    From Acute mesenteric ischemia: updated guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery. (2022) · cites this paper as [107]

    The Results report lower bowel-resection rates and lower in-hospital mortality after PTA/S than open surgery in this study. They do not report 30-day mortality. The Introduction also says earlier reports found mortality similar to surgery in some cases, so this paper does not support the claim that all studies showed a benefit. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Endovascular therapy for acute mesenteric ischemia has escalated dramatically at most institutions and has been associated with lower mortality than traditional open surgery.

    “Over the last decade, the use of endovascular therapy for treatment of patients with AMI has escalated dramatically at most institutions and has been associated with lower mortality than traditional open surgical therapy.4,5”

    From Revascularization for acute mesenteric ischemia (2012) · cites this paper as [5]

  • Schermerhorn and associates reported that 35% of patients with acute mesenteric ischemia underwent angioplasty and stenting, while 65% were treated with open surgery, with mortality rates of 16% for endovascular versus 39% for traditional revascularization (P < .001).

    “Schemmerhorn and associates evaluated the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1988 to 2006 and reported that 35% of patients presenting with AMI underwent angioplasty and stenting, while only 65% were treated with embolectomy, surgical bypass, or endarterectomy.5”

    From Revascularization for acute mesenteric ischemia (2012) · cites this paper as [5]

  • Our findings in perioperative course associated with mortality are consistent with other published studies despite the fact that only patients in clinically advanced stages with indication for laparotomy were included.

    “Our findings in perioperative course associated with mortality are consistent with other published studies despite the fact that only patients in clinically advanced stages with indication for laparotomy were included [8–11, 14, 25, 26].”

    From Results after intraoperative open and endovascular revascularization of acute mesenteric ischemia requiring a laparotomy (2023) · cites this paper as [14]

  • Schermerhorn et al. found that mainly elderly patients with high comorbidities of cardiovascular diseases were affected by AMI and identified age and atrial fibrillation as predictors of poor survival.

    “Consistent with our results, Schermerhorn et al. evaluated in the so far largest data analyses from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), that mainly elderly patients with high comorbidities of cardiovascular diseases were affected by AMI and identified also age and atrial fibrillation as a predictor of poor survival [14].”

    From Results after intraoperative open and endovascular revascularization of acute mesenteric ischemia requiring a laparotomy (2023) · cites this paper as [14]

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Authors
Schermerhorn, M. L., Giles, K. A., Hamdan, A. D., Wyers, M. C., & Pomposelli, F. B.
Affiliations
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Schermerhorn, Marc L.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Vascular Surgery
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-08
Volume
50
Issue
2
Pages
341-348.e1
ISSN
0741-5214 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jvs.2009.03.004
PMC
PMC2716426
OpenAlex
W1995716148
Cited by
311
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 14
FWCI
17.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Vascular Surgery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5t32hl007734-30)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T-32HL007734, T-32#5T32HL007734)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Peripheral Artery Disease Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords
mesenteric revascularization, chronic mesenteric ischemia, acute mesenteric ischemia, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, stenting, bypass surgery, endarterectomy, embolectomy, in-hospital mortality, bowel resection, treatment trends, patient selection
MeSH terms
Endarterectomy, Humans, Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, United States, Vascular Surgical Procedures, Stents, Chi-Square Distribution, Logistic Models, Embolectomy, Angioplasty, Statistics, Nonparametric

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