Insights into using plastic waste to produce activated carbons for wastewater treatment applications: A review
Open accessAbstract
This review explores the potential use of plastic waste for the preparation of activated carbons, which can be used as adsorbent materials to remove contaminants from water. Using discarded plastics to synthesize activated carbons has several benefits. Firstly, it helps to reduce the plastic waste burden that ends up in landfills and oceans or dumped on roadsides. Secondly, it creates a potential sector for using discarded plastics to treat pollutants further and approaches a closer circular economy scenario for plastics. Polyethylene terephthalate, tire, and plastic mixtures have been the plastic polymers most studied. The superficial area of activated carbons derived from plastic waste chars varies in a wide range, from 0.1 to 2152 m2/g. KOH seems to be the most widespread activated agent used, and the one that leads to the best textural properties. In general, the adsorption capacities of heavy metals were lower than 300 mg/g. On average, plastic waste chars have higher kinetic rates for adsorbing contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) compared to heavy metals. CECs uptake varies from 2 to 659 mg/g. Although the feasibility of developing porous materials is currently under research with promising results for a successful industrial application, some flaws regarding the granulometry, possible leaching, regeneration ability, and costs, among others, have not been addressed yet.
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Waste plastic-derived functional carbon materials, leveraging tunable pore structures and modifiable surface active sites, can significantly enhance tetracycline removal efficiency while reducing secondary pollution risks through synergistic adsorption-catalysis mechanisms.
“Waste plastic-derived functional carbon materials, leveraging their tunable pore structures and modifiable surface active sites, can significantly enhance TC removal efficiency while reducing secondary pollution risks through synergistic adsorption-catalysis mechanisms [24] .”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [24]
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Flagged first, then by citations
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- Authors
- Pereira, L., Castillo, V., Calero, M., Blázquez, G., Solís, R. R., & Martín-Lara, M. Á.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Solís, Rafael R.
- Martín-Lara, M. Ángeles
- Venue
- Journal of Water Process Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-05
- Volume
- 62
- Pages
- 105386
- ISSN
- 2214-7144 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4396535848
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 4
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Water Process Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Keywords
- plastic waste, activated carbon, wastewater treatment, adsorption, heavy metal removal, emerging contaminants, polyethylene terephthalate, mixed plastic waste, KOH activation, circular economy, adsorbent regeneration, leaching
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