Adiponectin homolog novel osmotin protects obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD by upregulating AdipoRs/PPARα signaling in ob/ob and db/db transgenic mouse models
Abstract
Background In metabolic disorders, adiponectin and adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1/R2) signaling has a key role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity-associated diabetes.Objective To the best of our knowledge, here, we reported for the first time the underlying mechanistic therapeutic efficacy of the novel osmotin, a homolog of mammalian adiponectin, against NAFLD in leptin-deficient ob/ob and db/db mice.Methods The ob/ob and db/db mice were treated with osmotin at a dose of 5 μg/g three times a week for two weeks. To co-relate the in vivo results we used the human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells, subjected to knockdown with small siRNAs of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα genes and treated with osmotin and palmitic acid (P.A.). MTT assay, Western blotting, immunohistofluorescence assays, and plasma biochemical analyses were applied.Results Osmotin stimulated AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in ob/ob and db/db mice, and HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Mechanistically, we confirmed that knockdown of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα by their respective siRNAs abolished the osmotin activity in HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Overall, the in vivo and in vitro results suggested that osmotin protected against NAFLD through activation of AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways as shown by the reduced body weight, blood glucose level and glycated hemoglobin, improved glucose tolerance, attenuated insulin resistance and hepatic glucogenesis, regulated serum lipid parameters, and increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial functions.Conclusion Our findings strongly suggest that novel osmotin might be a potential novel therapeutic tool against obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD and other metabolic disorders.
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Osmotin has potential effects for counteracting obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
“Several in vitro and in vivo studies revealed its potential effects for counteracting obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [125,126,127].”
From Adiponectin and Its Mimics on Skeletal Muscle: Insulin Sensitizers, Fat Burners, Exercise Mimickers, Muscling Pills … or Everything Together? (2020) · cites this paper as [125]
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“APN activation induces the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway, reduces proinflammatory cytokines and gluconeogenesis, prevents insulin resistance, and inhibits liver inflammation (Ahmad et al., 2019).”
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Lupeol protect against LPS-induced neuroinflammation and amyloid beta in adult mouse hippocampus
Choe, K., Park, J. S., Park, H. Y., Tahir, M., Park, T. J., & Kim, M. O. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1414696 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Regeneration during Obesity: An Impaired Homeostasis
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“For instance, the use of diet-induced obesity animal models [60] would mimic obesity’s general effects, whereas the use of more specific models such as db/db or ob/ob animal models [61] would generate data closer to the effects of leptin in the obesity context.”
MethodXu, Y., Zhu, H., Li, W., Chen, D., Xu, Y., Xu, A., & Ye, D. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108284 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Nuclear receptors and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An update
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Tang, K., Deng, Y., Zheng, C., Nie, H., Pan, M., Chen, R., Xie, J., Yang, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2020/9701285 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Experimental evidence also shows that adiponectin and adiponectin receptor signaling may have a key role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [31].”
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Imbalance of Drug Transporter-CYP450s Interplay by Diabetes and Its Clinical Significance
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“Recent studies showed that diabetes reduced the expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) protein [39,40] and PPARα protein [41].”
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Obese Animals as Models for Numerous Diseases: Advantages and Applications
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Jo, M. G., Kim, M. W., Jo, M. H., Abid, N. B., & Kim, M. O. (2019) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-019-0383-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Purification of osmotin was described previously [35].”
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“Immunofluorescence (n = 3 mice/group/model) was conducted as described previously [33,34].”
MethodCSAD Ameliorates Lipid Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice
Tan, R., Li, J., Liu, L., Wu, Q., Fan, L., Ma, N., Yu, C., Lu, H., Zhang, X., Chen, J., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232415931 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Since db/db mice are frequently used as the NAFLD model [16], the hepatic Csad was examined in this mouse model.”
MethodMa, Y., Xu, M., Cen, X.-F., Qiu, H.-L., Guo, Y., & Tang, Q. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116589 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota Composition and Structure of the Ob/Ob and Db/Db Mice
Yang, M., Liu, Y., Xie, H., Wen, Z., Zhang, Y., Wu, C., Huang, L., Wu, J., Xie, C., Wang, T., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2019/1394097 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
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Cloning and characterization of KoOsmotin from mangrove plant Kandelia obovata under cold stress
Jiao, F., Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Su, Y., Zhong, Y., & Zheng, L. (2021) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/s12870-020-02746-0 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Previous studies showed that osmotin gene was likely to be upstream gene and involved in stress signal transduction [14, 22, 30, 40, 53].”
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“Positive effects have also been confirmed in vivo as osmotin through activation of the AdipoR1/2, APPL1, AMPK pathway, reduced blood glucose levels, decreased insulin resistance, and increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial function (Ahmad et al., 2019).”
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Impact of Incretin-Based Therapies on Adipokines and Adiponectin
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“This endocrine peptide plays important modulatory roles in metabolic complications as obesity, DM, metabolic syn- drome, atherosclerosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disorder (NAFLD) [108, 109].”
BackgroundTutunchi, H., Arefhosseini, S., Nomi-Golzar, S., & Ebrahimi‐Mameghani, M. (2023) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1155/2023/6492478 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“[44] also reported that some homologs of mammalian adiponectin such as osmotin may be considered as a therapeutic approach to improve the AdipoR1/R2 targets and its downstream signaling.”
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Rehman, I. U., Park, J. S., Choe, K., Park, H. Y., Park, T. J., & Kim, M. O. (2024) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2024.102447 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
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ROS Dependent Antifungal and Anticancer Modulations of Piper colubrinum Osmotin
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Polycystic ovary syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
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“In 2019, a paper reported that in genetic models of obesity, osmotin lowered body weight and restored glucose handling (Ahmad et al., 2019).”
Mild hypothermia attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating FoxO1/PPARα pathway
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- Authors
- Ahmad, A., Ali, T., Kim, M. W., Khan, A., Jo, M. H., Rehman, S. U., Khan, M. S., Abid, N. B., Khan, M., Ullah, R., Jo, M. G., & Kim, M. O.
- Affiliations
- Gyeongsang National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Myeong Ok
- ORCID
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 90
- Pages
- 31-43
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2898212430
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 7.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (2016M3C7A1904391)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Keywords
- osmotin, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, adiponectin receptors, PPARα, APPL1, AMPK/SIRT1 signaling, insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial function, leptin deficiency, ob/ob mice, db/db mice, palmitic acid, HepG2 cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Liver, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Obese, Mice, Transgenic, Obesity, Plant Proteins, Signal Transduction, Up-Regulation, Anti-Obesity Agents, Cytoprotection, Leptin, PPAR alpha, Lipid Metabolism, Mice, Adiponectin, Receptors, Leptin, Receptors, Adiponectin, Hep G2 Cells, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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